A study found that estrogen alone did not reduce the risk of dementia in older women, doubling the risk compared to placebo. Global cognition also showed no improvement and was even adversely affected in some cases.
The Rochester Institute of Technology is developing a new effort to provide logistics, guidance, and information sharing on direct methanol fuel cells for the portable electronics market. CIMS will analyze environmental impacts, life-cycle economics, and develop end-of-life strategies to reduce costs and improve sustainability.
Research led by Professor Tadj Oreszczyn found that half as much white light as yellow is needed for facial recognition, with significant energy savings. The study also highlighted the link between crime fear and age, recommending a change to UK urban lighting standards.
The European Commission has approved the combination of Herceptin and Taxotere as a first-line treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer, significantly improving median life expectancy by over one-third. The therapy also showed high response rates, with 61% of patients responding to treatment.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered a link between heart disease and neurodegenerative diseases. The study found that toxic protein clusters called beta-amyloids, associated with Alzheimer's disease, are also present in the hearts of patients with heart failure.
A new partial breast radiation procedure using balloon brachytherapy has shown promising results in reducing treatment time and improving cosmetic outcomes. The study found that women treated with this method experienced quick recovery, good cosmetic results, and no evidence of cancer recurrence during a 1-2 year follow-up.
Researchers discovered two new aldehyde molecules, propanal and propenal, in an interstellar cloud near the Milky Way Galaxy. These findings provide insights into the formation chemistry of complex molecules in space.
Researchers developed a new cancer treatment combining radioimmunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy, achieving complete remission in 72% of patients with follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The approach may improve treatment outcomes by targeting remaining cancer cells after chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered Stat3 regulates the inflammatory response in lung tissue, preventing excessive activation and tissue damage. The study suggests enhancing Stat3 activity could lead to new therapeutic drugs for immune-related diseases like COPD.
A recent study using diffusion weighted imaging found small brain lesions appearing on MRI scans of amnesiac patients within hours and days of onset. The lesions were all located in the hippocampus, a key area for memory functions, suggesting a possible cause for transient global amnesia.
Researchers use 18F-FDDNP-PET to measure tangles and plaques in brain, providing valuable information on disease status. The technique accurately separates AD patients from control subjects, offering opportunities for early diagnosis and monitoring treatment effects.
Researchers in Japan used PET to differentiate between infected and non-infected vascular grafts, confirming its accuracy in diagnosing graft infections. The study's findings suggest that PET studies can safely and specifically identify patients who need treatment for graft infection.
A study of 97 Parkinson's disease patients found that those with elevated homocysteine levels were more depressed, had worse cognitive functioning, but no difference in physical functioning. High homocysteine levels are likely due to the use of levodopa in these patients.
Cedars-Sinai researchers found that laminin-8 expression is linked to tumor aggressiveness and patient outcomes. High levels of laminin-8 are associated with shorter survival times and increased risk of tumor recurrence.
A study published in Psychological Science found that people who claim to have been abducted by aliens show strong physiological responses when recalling their experiences, similar to those evoked by genuinely traumatic memories. The researchers suggest that a person's reaction to a memory is not indicative of its authenticity.
Researchers have found that proteasome inhibitors can cause a model of Parkinson's disease in rats, mirroring symptoms such as slowness of movement and tremors. The study suggests that environmental factors, including exposure to toxins, may contribute to the development of Parkinson's.
The CU-Boulder satellite's HIRDLS instrument will provide a clearer picture of the ozone layer's recovery and greenhouse gas distribution. With finer horizontal resolution and increased sensitivity, the instrument is expected to produce valuable data on climate change.
Researchers use the North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array to monitor storm weakening and strengthening, improving severe weather detection. NASA's satellite technology provides near real-time data on severe weather and lightning strikes worldwide, aiming to reduce false alarms and improve forecasting accuracy.
Research reveals that forests in six locations worldwide struggle with nutrient availability, particularly phosphorus, when soils age. Without disturbances like forest fires or volcanic activity, forests will slowly become impoverished over thousands of years.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that adding a single protein, BMP4, induced mouse stem cells to become fat cells. The study suggests that a similar signal is likely involved in humans, too, paving the way for new treatments for obesity and related diseases.
Researchers have found stable alternating bands of current on Earth that resemble those on Jupiter, both resulting from underlying turbulent flows. This similarity may hold clues to understanding planetary and oceanic circulations, with implications for climate research and future space observational studies.
Researchers at Rice University and MIT found that microRNA miR164 plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and controlling basic organ development in plants. The study reveals abnormal development of leaves and flowers when miR164 regulation is absent or overexpressed.
Researchers found that 35% of patients with non-metastatic breast cancer exhibited impairments in verbal learning and memory functions before treatment. After treatment, 61% demonstrated 'chemobrain' declines in memory and learning, with improvements seen in 50% one year later.
Researchers used mouse models to study how Rituximab removes human B cells, revealing that antibodies allow recognition by macrophages, which carry antibody receptors. This discovery may lead to the development of better therapies for lymphoma and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers found that virtual reality significantly reduces pain-related brain activity, with drops of up to 97%. The study used specialized magnetic resonance imaging to track brain activity and showed a significant change in conscious perception of pain when virtual reality was used.
A study published in Archives of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery found that 52% of employed head and neck cancer patients reported work-related disability after treatment. Chemotherapy, neck surgery, and pain were linked to increased disability risk.
A new study using combined PET/CT imaging has effectively diagnosed diabetes-related osteomyelitis of the foot. The technique provides a precise location of infection, enabling easier treatment strategy definition and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at UCSD have identified a promising set of inhibitors that may overcome drawbacks of previous compounds. The new molecules are less likely to cause side effects, such as one being the food additive Maltol.
Researchers at Cambridge University have successfully grown nanometer-scale wires into flower-like structures, which can be used as water-repellent coatings and a base for new solar cells. The unique nanostructures are created by controlling the growth process of silicon-carbon materials using liquid metals.
A new technique using hybrid scanners combines PET and CT to diagnose coronary artery disease, providing a precise picture of the heart's function. This method is more accurate than traditional diagnostic methods and may relieve patients from invasive procedures.
A team of Japanese researchers has developed a novel method for introducing transgenes into animals by injecting retroviruses into immature male mouse testes. The technique resulted in high fertility rates and stable transgene transmission, enabling the production of genetically modified offspring from a single founder male.
Researchers at Stanford have developed a chip that uses chemicals to stimulate neurons, offering new possibilities for treating age-related macular degeneration. The device has the potential to deliver small amounts of drugs precisely where they're needed and enable real-time chemical analysis of living tissues.
Regular cardiac monitoring and prompt treatment can prevent and reverse severe heart dysfunction in thalassemia major patients. The study found that intensive deferoxamine mesylate treatment significantly improved survival rates among those who complied with therapy.
Researchers used a custom-built small animal imaging system to demonstrate gene expression in mice with cystic fibrosis. The results show promise for novel gene delivery methods and potential treatments for the debilitating disease.
Researchers found that seizure-alerting dogs exhibited distinctive behaviors to anticipate seizures, with licking and protective actions being common. The study also highlights the importance of education and research in improving patient care through organizations like the American Academy of Neurology.
Researchers developed a sequential radioimmunotherapy and chemotherapy approach, achieving a 75% overall response rate and 90% complete remission rate in patients with advanced mantle cell lymphoma. The study's findings suggest this novel treatment may be a promising advance for the disease.
Researchers found that blockages in smaller arteries, which can't be spotted on standard tests, might be causing chest pain in women. Women who underwent a new imaging scan showed abnormal levels of phosphates, indicating their heart tissue wasn't getting enough blood.
The ESRC Social Science Week conference explores the Sahara's past, present, and future, highlighting the impact of Western and local military intelligence services on indigenous peoples. Jeremy Keenan claims increasing evidence shows military agencies fabricate terrorist incidents, putting Tuareg lives at risk.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that flies have distinct combinations of bitter-sensitive nerve cells on their tongue, allowing them to discern among different bitter tastes. This unique ability might enable flies to select the best food item among multiple suboptimal choices.
A new hypothesis from Northwestern University researchers suggests that brain development and puberty could be key factors in learning disorders. The study found that individuals with learning problems develop more slowly than those without, and their brains stop developing around the time of puberty's onset.
A study found that 35% of women with noninvasive breast cancer had baseline cognitive impairment prior to chemotherapy, including deficits in verbal learning and memory. The research challenges previous studies' findings on the frequency of cognitive decline secondary to chemotherapy.
A study of 5,115 young adults found that those who react to psychological stress with spikes in blood pressure are more likely to develop high blood pressure in their 40s. The research suggests that assessing blood pressure changes in response to stress may be a useful tool for determining future risk.
A team of researchers has successfully enhanced the structure of paclitaxel, a widely used anticancer drug, to make it more effective against cancer cells. The new design, validated by computer modeling and experiments, results in an analog that is 20 times more active than natural paclitaxel in one assay.
Researchers are collecting blood samples from hundreds of women to validate the novel approach. The test has received worldwide attention due to its potential for early detection and high survival rates. If successful, it could save thousands of lives annually.
The researchers plan to put in four observatories this summer, enabling them to conduct a kind of standard hydrogeologic testing commonly done on land. The observatories will allow measurements of temperature, pressure, fluid chemistry, and microbiology to be obtained from different depths in the borehole.
Researchers at Imperial College London have shown that an amino acid can amplify the concentration of one particular chiral form, a process known as autocatalysis. This discovery may offer insights into the evolution of biological homochirality and could provide a model for how life began.
Researchers used nanoshells to destroy tumors with heat from near-infrared light, showing promising results in a first animal test. All tumors disappeared within 10 days in the treated group, while untreated and saline-treated groups continued to grow.
A study published by Marshfield Clinic found that echinacea had no effect on relieving common cold symptoms. The study involved 128 participants who took either echinacea or a placebo, with no significant difference in symptom relief observed.
A study using FMISO-PET scans found that high uptake of the tracer correlates with a greater risk of tumor recurrence, while low uptake is associated with a longer survival rate. The technique may enable more precise prediction of therapeutic outcomes and improved patient treatment.
A study found that only 6% of women received ten mammograms, and disparities in usage were seen among Hispanic, African-American, and Asian women as well as those from lower economic status. Regular mammograms significantly reduce breast cancer death risk, highlighting the need for improved screening adherence.
A study by Professor Simon Holdaway found that chief officers and black police association Chairs have different ideas on 'institutional racism', with a focus on personal experiences of racism. Most minority ethnic officers agree their constabulary is institutionally racist, but the causes and effects differ between groups.
Scientists have grown functional kidneys in rats using embryonic tissue transplants, demonstrating their ability to filter blood and excrete waste. The research marks a critical step towards developing animal-to-human transplants to address chronic organ donation shortages.
Experts will argue that refugees and their families contribute significantly to British life, bringing incalculable social and economic benefits. The discussion aims to correct common misconceptions about refugees and highlight their skills and talent.
Nigerian naval personnel are putting themselves and their partners at risk by denying the existence of AIDS and engaging in risky sexual behaviors. A recent survey found that nearly half of sailors had sex with a female sex worker without using a condom, despite having good knowledge of AIDS-related information.
A new combined PET/CT scanner has shown significant improvement in tumor staging accuracy compared to traditional CT and PET imaging methods. The study involved 260 patients with various oncological diseases, yielding accurate staging results in 84% of cases.
A study of 56,000 people from Wichita, Kansas found that Chronic Fatigue Syndrome causes a significant burden on the economy, with lost productivity estimated at $9.1 billion annually. The syndrome affects approximately 450,000 individuals nationwide, resulting in substantial economic losses and reduced household income.
Researchers found that giving antioxidants to pregnant mice exposed to ethanol reduced limb malformations by 36%. The study suggests that improving nutritional status through daily multivitamins may help prevent birth defects. However, excessive vitamin consumption can be harmful to fetuses.
Researchers found a blazar, an enormous source of energy from a supermassive black hole, which is one billion years old. The discovery sheds light on the formation of stars and galaxies, offering insights into the universe's early evolution.
A study found that 71% of Ugandans were aware of vaccines' preventive function, and 77% were willing to participate in HIV-preventive vaccine trials. However, education on the severity of HIV/AIDS and the importance of vaccines for men is still needed.
Researchers at OHSU found LGD5552 prevented rats from developing a MS-like disease, showing reduced side effects compared to current treatments. The compound's tissue-selective properties may offer a novel avenue for prolonged use in humans.