A study found that the Pall Leukotrap Affinity Prion Reduction Filter reduces infectious vCJD prions in red blood cell concentrates below detection limits. The filter also reduced scrapie prions, a similar TSE, from blood, with no clinical symptoms reported in animals treated with filtered blood.
UGA researchers are using evolutionary game theory to study the conflict between humans and viruses, aiming to design better responses to viral diseases. The project applies game theory to understand human behavior in response to disease virulence and how viruses respond to treatment.
Researchers create miniature drills and end mills using microelectro discharge machining to produce smooth, curly chips of glass or ceramic. The process can take as long as an hour to produce one dimple a half millimeter in diameter, but is faster than photolithography.
Experts warn of a potential second wave of vCJD infections due to increased cases in France and the UK. The panel discussion highlighted the need for enhanced safety measures to prevent human-to-human transmission of this fatal neurodegenerative disease.
A mathematical model suggests that antibiotic use in chickens can decrease the risk of food-borne illness while potentially increasing antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but the benefits outweigh the risks according to researchers.
A new study co-authored by Ann Mooney explores how CEO job demands influence strategic decisions and leader behaviors. The research reveals that varying levels of demand facing top executives are shaped by three factors: task challenges, performance challenges, and executive aspirations.
A prospective, longitudinal study found that hospitalization and restricted activity significantly increase the risk of developing disability among older adults. The study, conducted at Yale University, involved monthly phone interviews with over 700 residents aged 70+, revealing that 55% developed disability, with hospitalization and ...
A comprehensive analysis of Phase 1 cancer trials found a significant drop in drug-related deaths and an improvement in the risk/benefit ratio. The study suggests that increased attention to patient safety, less-toxic targeted therapies, and improved supportive care have contributed to these improvements.
A study of 754 older adults found that illnesses and injuries leading to hospitalization accounted for 50-80% of disability outcomes. Participants who developed disability were more likely to have been hospitalized or experienced restricted activity.
The University of Victoria has received a new vector-based supercomputer to aid in climate research. The machine will enable faster climate simulations and models that represent economic, social, technological, and biogeochemical factors. This is the first such computer in Western Canada, which can speed up simulations by a factor of 20.
Researchers found that high-dose-rate brachytherapy after surgery improved limb-sparing outcomes for soft-tissue sarcoma patients. Five-year survival rates reached 83%, with significant reductions in tumor recurrence and metastasis.
A study of 26,071 elderly individuals found that annual influenza revaccination was associated with a reduced mortality risk of 24% compared to first-time vaccination. Revaccination after an interruption resulted in a similar mortality risk reduction as seen after the initial vaccination.
A recent study published in JAMA found that only a few US physicians have been elected to Congress since the 1960s. The researchers suggest that training and financial incentives may be contributing factors to this lack of representation. The study highlights the need for medical leadership in shaping healthcare policy.
A study analyzing phase 1 cancer trials from 1991-2002 found a significant decrease in treatment-related deaths and serious toxicity, with adjusted odds of death being less than one-tenth those of patients participating in earlier trials. Targeted therapies and improved supportive care are likely contributing factors.
A recent study has revealed a genetic link to colon cancer, identifying the MutY human homologue (MYH) gene as a risk factor. The research found that children of MYH gene carriers have a higher risk of developing the disease, with a 1:2 ratio.
Researchers engineered human mesenchymal stem cells to target tumors, delivering a therapeutic gene that inhibits cancer growth. The approach significantly improved survival of mice with breast and melanoma cancers.
Dr. von Andrian will focus on setting up a new microscopy model at Joslin to study the interaction between islet cells and immune cells, aiming to develop a simple model for studying islet cells in living animals. He will also collaborate with Joslin researchers on stem cell projects and vascular complications in people with diabetes.
A large cohort study found that eating five or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, but not cancer. Green leafy vegetables showed the strongest inverse association with both conditions.
Loyola is conducting a clinical trial using a blood substitute in trauma patients to increase oxygen delivery and improve survival rates. The study aims to compare the survival rate of patients receiving the blood substitute to those receiving saline solution.
A new PIM chip called Godiva, designed and prototyped at USC, has successfully integrated into a server and delivered comparable performance to the original-equipment Itanium chip. The Godiva chip uses DDR-DRAM interface and reduces electrical power consumption by one hundredth.
A phase I/II study demonstrates the bioartificial kidney's safety and effectiveness in treating acute renal failure, with six patients surviving over 30 days after treatment. The device uses human adult progenitor/stem cells to filter blood and regulate immune system molecules.
Researchers found that adding alcohol injections to RFA significantly improved treatment outcomes, eradicating 34 of 41 liver tumors with no bowel-related complications. The combination therapy also showed promise for treating large tumors and other types of tumors in the body.
Researchers developed a method combining CYP3A4 phenotyping with UGT1A1 genotyping to optimize irinotecan chemotherapy. Greater height, obesity, and lower physical activity levels are linked to increased endometrial cancer risk.