Scientists have found a new form of long-term memory T cell that can combat leishmaniasis even without the parasite's presence. This discovery may lead to an effective vaccine against this disease and others mediated by immune cells.
A recent study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found that female soccer players who suffered an ACL injury at a young age are at risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. Over half of the women studied had OA of the knee, accompanied by persistent pain and functional limitations.
A historical study found that elevated aridity in the western US may be a natural response to climate warming. The study revealed a 400-year-long period of epic drought during the Medieval Warm Period (A.D. 900-1300), which could lead to increased aridity if temperatures continue to rise.
Radio astronomers have demonstrated a new technique called e-VLBI, which allows them to combine data from multiple telescopes worldwide and produce high-quality images of the sky in real-time. This enables the observation of distant objects like IRC+10420, a supergiant star surrounded by dusty gas and emitting strong radio waves.
The study reveals how botulism-causing Clostridium botulinum detects nitric oxide, shedding light on its role in human cardiovascular, neurological, and immunological systems. The research also provides insights into the structural details of soluble guanylyl cyclase, a protein difficult to crystallize for analysis.
Researchers have discovered a key plant protein, VPEg, that plays a crucial role in defending plants against various pathogens by activating programmed cell death pathways. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of how plants control cell death and may lead to new strategies for improving crop resistance.
A large population-based study found that current smokers have a 2.8-7.5 times increased risk of rheumatoid factor positive RA, while those with the SE gene have a 15.7 times higher risk. The study suggests a strong interaction between smoking and the shared epitope gene in increasing disease risk.
A new study by UNC researchers reveals that Hispanics in the South suffer more fatal occupational injuries than blacks or other groups. The findings highlight the need for greater injury prevention efforts focused on Hispanic workers in the region.
A new study by Georgetown University Medical Center reveals that functional endoscopic sinus surgery significantly improves fatigue levels in patients with sinusitis. The procedure has been shown to offer substantial benefits for those not responding to medications, with cost savings also a consideration.
A large international study has found that anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used to treat severe head injuries can increase the risk of death by up to 20% within two weeks. The CRASH trial recruited over 20,000 patients from 49 countries and concluded that these drugs should not be used routinely to treat head injury
Schumm's study analyzed the impact of Iraq's payments to Palestinian families fighting Israelis on suicide bombings. He found a significant reduction in fatalities after the invasion, with potential prevention of up to 1,100 casualties. Improved antiterrorism intelligence within Israeli security forces may also have played a role.
A study found racial and gender differences in lipid profiles, with African-American women having the best distribution and white men having the worst. These differences can determine cardiovascular disease risk.
Researchers developed an experiment to measure the behavior of curling stones, revealing that wet friction is involved in their curl. The study found that a thin liquid layer reverses the dominant frictional force on the stone, resulting in a clockwise-turning stone curling to the right.
The new UCI Environmental Molecular Science Institute will investigate how chemical reactions occur at the boundary between air and liquid droplets, affecting atmospheric pollution and climate change. Researchers will use theory, experiments, and computer modeling to gain new insights into smog formation and acid rain.
NASA has successfully tested artificial intelligence (AI) software that can detect and diagnose errors in satellite systems. The Livingstone Version 2 (LV2) software is being used to troubleshoot the NASA Earth Observing One (E0-1) satellite's instruments and systems, allowing for more efficient and effective maintenance.
A Université de Montréal study reveals that early- and late-onset blind subjects excel in spatial hearing tests, distinguishing sounds from ambient noise. This improvement may stem from increased time spent developing the sense of hearing and compensatory cortical adaptations.
Researchers have found that carbonyl sulfide forms peptide bonds spontaneously, addressing a long-standing question in the origin of life. The discovery suggests that this chemical component may have played a significant role in the emergence of life on Earth.
The study introduces value-based metrics such as value retention and value-added to evaluate the effectiveness of electronics recycling firms. It found that these metrics worked well in case studies of three US firms and can help improve recycling efficiency.
Scientists discover endothelial cells have higher levels of receptors for endostatin, which protects melanoma cells from angiogenesis inhibitors. This finding may lead to new cancer therapies targeting both angiogenesis and tumor cell vasculogenic mimicry.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a cooperative RNA switch in nature, which responds to various target compounds and regulates metabolic processes. This discovery supports the theory of an RNA World, where RNA molecules served a central role in early life.
A Dutch study found over 5% of parents reported smothering, slapping, or shaking their baby due to crying. The risk was highest for parents from non-industrialized countries and those with limited work hours.
The Center for Food and Nutrition Policy challenges the 'nutrient displacement hypothesis' suggesting added sugars replace essential vitamins and minerals. The study's findings indicate energy from other sources has a stronger association with micronutrient intake.
Experts call on EU politicians to improve cancer treatment access, modernize healthcare through increased funding and reduced bureaucracy. The European CanCer Organisation highlights the need for political will to translate scientific discovery into practical treatments.
A new model reveals that calcium control regulates synaptic plasticity, allowing rapid changes and stabilizing synapses without growing indefinitely. This breakthrough sheds light on the fundamental basis of memory, learning, and brain development.
A new study suggests that providing air rather than 100% oxygen for newborn babies requiring ventilation after delivery can reduce infant mortality. The findings are based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of five trials, which found that 5% fewer babies given air died compared to those given 100% oxygen.
A study by Marshfield Clinic and USGS revealed that untreated city water in La Crosse contains various types of gastrointestinal viruses, including enteroviruses, rotavirus, hepatitis A virus, and norovirus. The presence of these viruses poses a risk to the drinking water supply, particularly in shallow sand and gravel aquifers.
The U.S. Department of Energy's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory has awarded subcontracts worth $8 million and $4.5 million to manufacture major components for the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX), a fusion energy project aiming to advance basic science and explore innovative concepts.
The first draft of the bovine genome sequence has been deposited into free public databases, making it available for researchers to study and analyze. The completed genome will aid in medical breakthroughs, disease management, and nutritional enhancement of beef and dairy products.
A team of researchers at the University of Chicago found a chemosignal in breastfeeding compounds that encourages women's sexual desire. Women with regular partners experienced a 24% increase in sexual desire after two months of exposure, while those without partners saw a 17% boost in sexual fantasies.
Researchers used genetic tools to study the effects of exercise and diet on obesity and diabetes. The study found that aerobic training increased key metabolic enzymes in skeletal muscle, improving glucose metabolism and reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers found that different magnesium sulfate salts contain varying amounts of water, which could provide insight into Mars' history. The proportion and distribution of these salts may hold clues about past climate changes and water presence on the planet.
Researchers discover that adding a single gene from the 1918 virus to a benign strain of influenza can transform it into a highly virulent form. This finding supports the idea that the 1918 Spanish flu virus was inherently more dangerous and provides insight into its transmission among humans.
According to the study, the nasal endoscopic approach was successful in treating cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, with 92% of patients experiencing long-term success. The procedure involves using small cameras and monitors to operate with minimal trauma, reducing the risk of complications.
Researchers found that low ozone levels and increasing greenhouse gases contribute to cooler South Pole temperatures, but may cancel each other out in the future.
Eurasian giant deer were found to have survived until 7,000 years ago, according to a recent study published in Nature. The discovery pushes back the previously believed extinction date for the species by 3,000 years, leaving scientists to question what ultimately led to their demise.
A study found that mild exercise can protect against mortality due to influenza in mature mice, but had no effect on gross measures of sickness behavior. The researchers plan to conduct further studies to understand the mechanisms behind this protective effect.
A smart watch system prototype has been developed at the University of Washington, utilizing RFID tags to provide proactive reminders and track essential items. The system aims to seamlessly integrate technology into daily life, making it more convenient for busy individuals.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University challenge the somatic marker hypothesis, a widely-held theory on decision-making. The study suggests that bodily states may not be as influential in guiding decisions as previously thought.
Researchers found that the temporoammonic (TA) projection is crucial for the dialog between the hippocampus and cortex after learning, suggesting a window of vulnerability for memory consolidation. The study opens up new avenues for exploring the role of sleep in memory formation.
Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, and Chandra X-ray Observatory, researchers observed the Kepler's supernova remnant, uncovering a bubble-shaped shroud of gas and dust expanding at 4 million miles per hour. The observations revealed distinct features, including heated interstellar dust and regions of hot gas.
The UT Prevention Research Center will continue its work in translating research into practice, with a focus on Texas youth and communities. The center's programs, including Coordinated Approach to Child Health and Familias, aim to prevent health-related problems such as diabetes and asthma.
Researchers describe how microbes in the gut form the second largest metabolic 'organ' in the body, influencing disease processes alongside genetic and environmental factors. The discovery of this 'superorganism' could lead to new approaches to treating disease and developing personalized medicine.
Two studies found that isometric hand-grip (IHG) exercise significantly lowered systolic blood pressure in participants with hypertension. Additionally, IHG improved carotid artery distensibility, while having no effect on peripheral arteries. The researchers suggest that these improvements may be due to enhanced endothelial function.
Researchers found that viewers develop close relationships with TV shopping program hosts and are more likely to buy clothing impulsively. The study suggests that these relationships can lead to impulsive purchases, highlighting the need for consumers to be vigilant when making purchasing decisions.
Researchers propose new experimental measurements to verify existence of maximum melting temperature and transformation of solid molecular hydrogen to metallic liquid. Calculations predict quantum fluid at around 4 million atmospheres of pressure, contradicting intuitive expectations.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have received a $5 million grant to develop new drugs targeting leukemia. The project aims to selectively inhibit altered proteins in leukemia patients, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have successfully built a quantum register using neutral atoms, enabling the storage and manipulation of quantum information. The achievement marks a significant milestone in the development of quantum computing, which could potentially solve complex problems beyond current computer capabilities.
Researchers found that younger men and those with increased disease recurrence risk experience more frequent PSA bounces, but without additional treatment, their survival rates are comparable to those without a bounce. The large-scale study provides evidence that a PSA bounce may not automatically dictate hormone therapy.
A pilot project by Voxiva and PATH aims to track and reduce Japanese encephalitis incidence through improved surveillance and response. The system uses phone and web-based technology to collect and analyze data, enabling health officials to respond quickly to reported cases and identify outbreaks.
A study found that one in six chronically ill adults skip medication due to cost, with those paying more out-of-pocket or having no coverage being the most likely. The researchers estimate that this skimping leads to over a million Americans using less medication and 1.6 million missing doses.
A new study, ORCADES, will investigate the roles of inheritance and environment in causing three major killer diseases. The study aims to identify genes that predispose individuals to illness and understand the impact of lifestyle factors on disease development.
The Harris SAFE System is a minimally invasive technology that improves the field of hair restoration by allowing virtually all patients to undergo hair transplantation. The system reduces pain, healing time, and scarring, while also increasing transplant efficiency and potentially driving down costs.
Research reveals Interleukin-6 has various roles in metabolic gene activation, lipolysis, insulin resistance inhibition and TNF suppression. The cytokine's diverse effects make it a promising therapeutic target for treating obesity, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders.
A new partnership aims to develop nanotechnology tools for linking molecular signatures to cancer behavior and clinical outcome. Researchers will create nanoparticles for molecular profiling of cancer, as well as imaging microscopes and software integrated with nanotechnology discoveries.
Researchers found that pleiotropy plays a crucial role in preventing 'cheaters' from exploiting their neighbors in slime mold colonies. The study reveals a molecular block to cheating and its link to the essential function of reproduction.
Researchers found that docetaxel administered every three weeks significantly improved survival, pain relief, and quality of life for patients with advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The treatment increased life expectancy by an average of three months.
A study published by Fox Chase Cancer Center found that obese women with early-stage breast cancer have a higher risk of death compared to their normal-weight peers. The research analyzed data from 2,010 patients and showed that obese women experienced a significantly lower overall survival rate and increased distant metastasis.
The project aims to preserve vital at-risk digital content of Southern culture and history. Virginia Tech will identify digital collections in need of preservation and develop software to meet digital preservation needs.
A study found that CyberKnife radiosurgery successfully controls growth and progression of symptomatic benign tumors, improving symptoms in 78% of patients. The treatment has a high local control rate of 96%, offering a promising option for patients not candidates for surgery.
A randomized clinical trial found that brief alcohol counseling resulted in long-term reductions in high-risk drinking behaviors and adverse events among young adults. Counseling led to a 40-50% decrease in alcohol use and a significant reduction in emergency department visits, auto accidents, and arrests.