Researchers at NYU used rhesus monkeys to test game theory predictions, finding that monkey behavior matched human behavior. The study's findings suggest the posterior parietal cortex plays a key role in decision-making.
Physicians and individuals with stable schizophrenia report similar top treatment goals: improving mental health and overall happiness. People with schizophrenia prioritize life goals, such as returning to favorite hobbies and reducing feelings of isolation.
Researchers discovered that flies have two activity peaks due to dual circadian clocks, one governing morning activity and the other evening. The studies revealed that specific groups of neurons, including ventral lateral and dorsal lateral neurons, govern these peaks.
A study published in Nature confirmed that gene flow across a heterogeneous landscape can alter coevolutionary dynamics. The experiment showed that adaptation can vary in both space and time across a fragmented natural habitat, providing hard evidence for the importance of links between populations in evolutionary theory.
A robotic microscope system allowed researchers to track changes in individual neurons over time, revealing that formation of inclusion bodies prolongs neuron survival. Neurons with larger gene mutations had a higher cell death rate, but the overall death rate remained constant.
Researchers are testing the effectiveness of both flu shots and nasal sprays to determine which one provides better protection against influenza. The study aims to gather valuable information for influenza pandemic planning and control annual outbreaks.
Research suggests that combining features into one object can improve reaction times, but this approach may not always work. Dr. Greg Davis's studies found that stimulation of a second brain pathway, the magnocellular-dorsal process, enhances performance for multi-object displays.
Researchers created a device that can split streams of quantum objects into two according to their spin state, which could be key for quantum computers. The separation method uses a magnetic focusing technique and has been a great challenge due to the weak coupling of spin with the environment.
The study found that inclusion bodies in Huntington's disease are beneficial coping responses, sequestering mutant huntingtin protein and prolonging neuron survival. The researchers used robotic microscopy to track changes in individual neurons over time, enabling them to identify factors that predict cell fate.
The SAGE II instrument has provided 20 years of high-quality ozone measurements, enabling scientists to monitor trends and changes in the stratosphere. Its data have also helped study the impact of volcanic aerosols on temperatures and the effects of human activities on the Earth's radiation balance.
A new study suggests that using whole blood for priming in pediatric heart surgeries may not be the best option, as it can lead to increased hospital stays and costs. Reconstituted blood, which combines red blood cells and plasma, has been shown to be just as effective but with lower risks of bleeding and inflammation.
A US team of biomedical engineering students from Johns Hopkins University has won a British biotech business plan competition. The team presented their idea for an automated retina imaging device to a panel of judges in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was selected as one of the top four teams representing North America.
The American Academy of Family Physicians presents award-winning research papers on key medical topics such as prenatal care, diabetes management, and pain assessment. Researchers will be available to discuss their findings between presentations.
Researchers find that people's brains use both reason and emotion when making personal moral judgments, as opposed to judgment of others. Increased activity in the 'anterior cingulate cortex' was found in difficult personal moral dilemmas.
Researchers found that an ACAT inhibitor reduced amyloid deposition and improved learning in female mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's. The study also showed promising results for male mice, which could lead to faster development of new treatments.
Babies who received reconstituted blood during heart surgery had shorter ICU stays (70.5 hours vs 97 hours) and spent less time on mechanical ventilation (36.3 hours vs 53 hours). The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, puts to rest a decades-long debate and could save patients and blood banks money.
A new anti-cholesterol drug, CP-113,818, has shown promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid plaque accumulation and improving learning and memory in mice. Treatment with the drug resulted in a significant reduction of cholesterol storage in the brain, as well as improved performance on cognitive tests.
African-American men reported significantly higher sexual and urinary function five years after prostatectomy compared to non-Latino white men. However, they also experienced slightly more bother from changes in their function.
Researchers at INEEL isolated a stable catalase enzyme from T. brockianus, improving industrial half-life by 86,000-fold, reducing environmental costs and toxicity associated with chlorine-based bleaching processes.
A team of British astronomers is tracking Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) using the Faulkes Telescope North and South in Hawaii and Australia. The UK Astrometry and Photometry Programme (UKAPP) provides crucial information to protect the Earth from potential asteroid impacts.
Scientists found evidence of jarosite and gypsum on Mars' surface, indicating that liquid water likely existed in the past. The discovery suggests a brief geological window where conditions may have been hospitable for life.
The study aims to develop new treatments and monitor their effectiveness by tracking cognitive changes associated with MCI and AD. Researchers will use neuroimaging, biological, and clinical information from over 800 participants to identify critical biomarkers that respond to treatments.
Researchers have discovered a long-sought protein called TRPA1 that converts sound into nerve impulses, transmitting to the brain. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for deafness and balance disorders in the next five to ten years.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified TRPA1 as the hair-cell transduction channel, which converts sound vibrations into nerve signals. The discovery has significant implications for understanding normal hearing and inherited forms of deafness, potentially leading to new treatments.
Researchers discovered a brain region, lateral intraparietal (LIP) area, plays a key role in subjective decisions about actions. Monkeys trained to play a game against computer opponent adopted the same strategy as humans, suggesting similar neural processes are at play.
The UK has played a significant role in CERN's history, contributing to groundbreaking research and technological advancements. The laboratory continues to be a hub for scientific discovery, with ongoing experiments searching for the Higgs boson and exploring dark matter.
Burn victims may soon experience restored faces with a single operation, reducing pain and recovery time. Surgeons utilize innovative techniques to create thick skin flaps with unique blood supplies, eliminating huge scars and promoting emotional healing.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute find that TRPA1, a protein known for its role in sensory transduction, also forms a spring-like structure in hair cells, amplifying auditory signals. The discovery sheds light on the mechanism of hearing and could lead to new treatments for hearing loss.
The Geologic and Environmental Probe System (GEOPS) is an innovative technology that allows scientists to directly measure hazardous chemicals in the soil. By inserting the probe into the ground without disturbing the surrounding soil, researchers can gather accurate data quickly and efficiently, saving time and money.
Research finds that melanin in hair follicles can increase cell death in response to UV radiation, depending on its color. The study used mice with engineered pigmentation to demonstrate this effect, suggesting that people with darker skin may not be as vulnerable to skin cancer as those with fair skin.
The initiative will enroll 800 people across five years, including normal elderly, diagnosed AD patients, and mild cognitive disorder individuals. Researchers aim to develop a standard imaging method for clinical trials, improve imaging methods, and validate imaging data.
The American Medical Association and U.S. Holocaust Museum launch a national series to explore the role of Nazi medical practices in shaping medical ethics. The collaboration aims to bring lessons from history to contemporary issues, including racial health disparities and human experimentation.
A recent study published in Obesity Research found that portion control was the most effective behavior change for inducing significant weight loss among obese patients. According to lead researcher Everett E. Logue, Ph.D., portion control resulted in a 38% success rate, compared to 33% for those who did not practice portion control.
Researchers have successfully developed a gene therapy approach to treat peripheral arterial disease, stimulating blood vessel growth and improving perfusion in damaged leg tissue. The treatment also appeared to prevent programmed cell death, as the researchers reported.
Researchers compared two animal-derived surfactants and found that Infasurf improved lung function with fewer doses required. The study suggests a cost savings, as Infasurf was more effective over time.
A recent study found that Coke preference is influenced by brand knowledge and activates specific brain regions, including the hippocampus. This discovery highlights the role of cultural messages in shaping taste perception and has important implications for understanding obesity and other health issues related to sugared colas.