The eRHIC facility will enable physicists to probe the matter contained within ions with high precision. Analyzing collisions between RHIC ions and eRHIC electrons can help answer fundamental questions in physics about quark-gluon interactions and nuclear spin.
A new experimental vaccine has been shown to protect nonhuman primates against Marburg virus infection, even when administered after exposure. The study found that all treated monkeys survived for at least 80 days, while controls succumbed to the disease within 12 days.
Scientists analyzed hundreds of local populations of the Glanville fritillary butterfly, finding that a single molecular variation affects population growth. The study showed that genetic factors and habitat structure influence population dynamics, contradicting previous views on the role of environmental factors.
The study by Murphy and Topel reveals that life-extending procedures have a greater value than rising medical expenditures overall. The authors show that increased longevity has an economic value of $1.2 million per person, with the largest gains at birth and young age.
Geri Richmond, founder of COACh, will receive the Council for Chemical Research Diversity Award for her leadership in promoting diversity and inclusion in chemistry. The award recognizes her impact on advancing research careers for underrepresented groups.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have identified a crucial protein called TMP21 that regulates amyloid-beta production. By controlling the specific cleavage of APP, TMP21 helps keep amyloid-beta levels in check, preventing the formation of toxic plaques. This discovery may lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
A post-exposure vaccine has been shown to protect monkeys against the deadly Marburg virus. Researchers tested the vaccine in a study involving non-human primates and found it to be highly effective in preventing severe symptoms of the disease.
Researchers discovered that some coral species can replenish energy reserves by increasing feeding rates, allowing them to recover from bleaching events. However, even resilient species face a significant threat as global warming projections suggest up to 60% of the world's coral reefs could be lost within 10-30 years.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Obesity discovered that oxyntomodulin, a hormone, can reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure in overweight volunteers. This finding holds promise for developing a new therapy to treat obesity, shifting focus from dieting alone to increasing spontaneous activity levels.
Researchers have developed a vaccine that prevents haemorrhagic fever developing in monkeys infected with the deadly Marburg virus. The vaccine was found to be highly effective as a post-exposure treatment, with all treated monkeys surviving for at least 80 days.
The MIT SPHERES project aims to develop autonomous space vehicles that can maintain their positions via radio links, interacting almost constantly. The first critical test of the SPHERE is set for May 18 inside the space station, with two additional satellites scheduled to reach the station later this year.
Researchers discovered erythrovirus genome persistence in human tissues, which is ubiquitous and life-long. The Bioportfolio provides a novel database for analyzing microbial species and their variants, offering potential long-term permanence for gene therapy vectors.
Dr. McCluskey receives the Ajinomoto Award for Young Investigators in Gustation for her work on taste bud regeneration and its relation to the immune system. She aims to understand how macrophages, a type of immune cell, affect neural function in injured nerves.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new cooling system that uses a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) pump to cool electronic devices on a tiny scale. The device is integrated onto a silicon chip and can create a cooling action through electrohydrodynamics, enhancing the pumping action by up to 13 percent.
A new study found that branching coral Montipora capitata sharpens its plankton intake when bleached, increasing its chances of recovery. The findings indicate that any coral, regardless of shape or location, can recover if it can increase feeding.
A recent study by MIT chemist Catherine L. Drennan has discovered the simple secret behind how organisms create self-medications like antibiotics and anti-tumor agents. The enzyme SyrB2, which uses a smaller amino acid to bind halides, reveals an elegant simplicity in its mechanism.
This year's winners were chosen based on their abstracts, letters, and the presentation of their research at the Experimental Biology conference. The award recognizes excellence in undergraduate research and provides a platform for students to pursue careers in physiology and biomedical sciences.
Researchers used high-altitude and satellite images to track land use changes nationwide, finding that more recent residential development is not any more scattered than in 1976. The study found that climate, topography, access to groundwater, roads, and municipality type play a role in urban sprawl patterns.
Researchers used a virtual 'forest' to test navigation skills, finding that good navigators rely on internal representations of the environment rather than just visual information. The study suggests that understanding how individuals use visual and non-visual cues can inform rehabilitation protocols for people with visual impairments.
Researchers discovered that tumors producing high levels of lysyl oxidase (LOX) are more likely to spread and cause death. Blocking LOX production has promise as a new therapy for hypoxic tumors, with trials potentially starting within three years.
Researchers found that aspirin significantly reduces the risk of hearing loss when paired with gentamicin, a commonly used antibiotic. The study, conducted in China and published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed a 75% lower incidence of hearing loss in patients given aspirin compared to those receiving placebos.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have created a mouse model of medulloblastoma, a common childhood brain cancer. The study found that mice lacking the XRCC4 gene or both XRCC4 and p53 died early from tumors, which displayed genetic abnormalities characteristic of human medulloblastomas. This new model will help understand...
Researchers observed anomalous signatures in lattice vibrations, suggesting dynamic stripes are present in copper-oxide superconductors. The findings support earlier controversial claims and may help explain the superconducting mechanism.
Researchers developed a new type of stem cell that can repair spinal cord injuries by promoting nerve fiber growth and suppressing scar tissue. The transplanted cells restored function in rats with spinal cord injuries, allowing them to walk normally within two weeks.
Researchers at the University of Washington discovered a regulatory gene named broad that is necessary for insect metamorphosis. The study shows that the broad gene regulates the nymphal stage in lower insects, equivalent to the pupal stage of advanced insects like butterflies.
Researchers found that compounds binding to CB2 receptor suppress white blood cell migration, a key step in fighting infections and inflammation. This discovery suggests potential therapeutic applications for cannabinoids in treating inflammatory diseases.
Researchers found that starlings can classify acoustic sequences defined by recursive grammars, a feature thought to be exclusive to humans. The birds learned to distinguish between two sets of songs using abstract patterns and performed well above chance when tested with novel combinations.
Researchers have developed a new method for detecting brain tumours during surgery using a fluorescent compound, which significantly improves complete tumour removal rates (65% vs 36%) and survival rates without tumour progression (41% vs 21%). The technique has been shown to be safe with no significant difference in serious side effects.
Scientists have discovered a new method to stabilize ferroelectricity in nanostructures using fragments of water, leading to ultra-dense memory storage devices with unprecedented capacities. This breakthrough could enable the creation of storage devices small enough to hold massive amounts of data, such as music or video libraries.
A new study found that patients who saw visual proof of plaque buildup after an EBT scan were more likely to comply with prescribed statin therapy, exceeding 90% compliance. The study also suggests that this method can improve overall health behaviors beyond just medication adherence.
Researchers found that starlings can learn to distinguish between two different patterns of organizing sounds used for communication, including recursive center-embedding. This ability challenges the long-held assumption that human language is uniquely complex and computational.
A study found that training on a virtual 'patient' improved carotid angiography skills in cardiologists, with reduced catheter errors and faster procedure times. The use of simulators provides an objective measure of performance, allowing for the tracking of individual trainees' progress and evaluation of their competence.
The American Sociological Association presents several awards to honor outstanding contributions to sociology. These include the Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award, which recognizes a scholar's lifetime work, and the Distinguished Book Award, which honors an exceptional book published in the preceding three years.
Researchers found that aerobic training can reverse abnormal production of certain neurohormones that cause severe symptoms of heart failure. The study suggests that exercise may be a novel non-pharmacological aid for improving functional capacity, systolic function, and quality of life in heart failure patients.
Researchers discovered that males of the extinct species Thyrohyrax had oversized, swollen lower jaws shaped like a banana, which may have been used to produce sound. The discovery suggests that Thyrohyrax and its fossil relatives were the only mammals to use this skeletal structure for sound production.
A recent study published by Michigan State University's Kay Holekamp found that alpha female hyenas have higher androgen levels during pregnancy, which influences the behavior of their cubs. As a result, the cubs exhibit more aggressive and sexual play, increasing their chances for life-success.
The Baylor Human Genome Sequencing Center has completed the sequencing of human chromosome 3, a significant achievement in understanding the genetic basis of human diseases. This effort involved over 700 researchers from multiple institutions and was an international collaboration between teams from the US, Germany, and China.
Researchers used computer simulations to recreate Tropical Storm Gert's conditions, improving model accuracy and understanding of hurricane formation. The study revealed the importance of topography in Mexico's role in helping storms form.
A new compound, bis(phosphocholine)-hexane, has been designed to inhibit the effects of C-reactive protein (CRP), a protein that contributes significantly to heart attack damage. By blocking CRP's tissue-damaging effects, this potential drug may reduce mortality and scar size in patients who have experienced a heart attack.
A combination of interventions could be highly effective at reducing transmission in a flu pandemic, potentially saving many lives. School closure combined with antiviral drugs can halve the number of people getting ill.
A recent mouse study led by the Salk Institute has discovered that healthy copies of the IL2RG gene used in X-linked severe combined immune deficiency (X-SCID) gene therapy can promote cancer development. One-third of mice treated with the gene developed lymphoma later in life.
A study by Michigan State University zoology professor Kay Holekamp found that high-ranking hyena mothers pass on high levels of androgens to their offspring, making them more aggressive and sexually vigorous. This unique trait helps females secure food resources and dominate their social group.
A team of law professors, physicians, and bioethicists will develop standards for tests on human subjects in research involving genetic technologies for enhancement. The project aims to identify differences between therapeutic and non-therapeutic enhancements and determine ethical conditions for conducting such research.
Researchers found that triclocarban, used in antiseptic soap, persists in sludge and is concentrated several thousand-fold higher than in raw wastewater. The chemical's polychlorinated structure makes it resistant to degradation during wastewater treatment.
Dr. Horwitz's research on paclitaxel's mechanism of action led to its development and approval for treating various tumor types. She now focuses on overcoming drug resistance, a major challenge in cancer treatment.
A Yale University review of key papers found that Black American women define obesity positively, relating it to attractiveness and self-esteem, while White American women view it negatively, associating it with unattractiveness and decreased self-esteem. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive approaches to address...
A new survey reveals that one in five working-age adults is paying off medical debt, while nearly two-thirds of those with chronic illnesses skip medications due to cost. The uninsured are also more likely to go without preventive care, screenings, and regular doctors, exacerbating existing health problems.
A new study suggests that drinking the recommended amount of milk during pregnancy may help increase birth weight. The Canadian researchers found that women who limited their milk intake to one cup or less per day gave birth to babies with lower birth weights compared to those who consumed more milk.
The article assesses pension design and policy options, highlighting the importance of effective government and economic growth. Key findings include a problem in financing pensions but not a crisis, and mixed results from different countries' reform experiences.
A study published in Blood found that the newborn immune system functions differently than adults, but one portion of the response is fully functional and can be harnessed to improve immunity. The researchers identified a specific Toll-like receptor, TLR8, that triggers a robust immune response in newborns.
A new study suggests that a defective skin barrier can trigger immune reactions and lead to conditions like psoriasis and eczema. By creating a temporary artificial barrier, researchers hope to break the cycle of inflammation and find more effective treatments.
A new study assesses the relationship between financial conflicts of interest and voting patterns at FDA meetings. The analysis reveals that nearly 28% of advisory committee members and consultants disclosed conflicts, often related to consulting arrangements, contracts/grants, or investments.
A large randomized clinical trial found no association between selenium supplementation and reduced risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cardiovascular deaths. The study of 1,004 participants in low-selenium areas showed no difference in endpoints based on baseline selenium levels.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in developing biohybrid lung devices, regenerative potential of stem cells, biomechanical training of tissue constructs, and artificial esophagus using extracellular matrix scaffolds. These advancements aim to restore function of damaged or diseased tissues and organs.
A new diagnostic test using NGAL protein has been shown to predict kidney transplant outcomes, with lower values indicating faster recovery and higher values indicating longer recovery periods. This breakthrough could lead to improved patient care and reduced risk of kidney failure.
Researchers found that garlic mustard targets arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, harming native plants and disrupting their growth. The invasive plant's phytochemical poisons disrupt native plants' mycorrhizal associations, stunting their growth.
Pacemaker reliability improved between 1990 and 2002, while implantable defibrillator (ICD) failure rates increased significantly between 1998 and 2002. The ICD malfunction rate trended down during the first half of the 1990s but then rose substantially in the latter years.
A study of over 2,000 women found that unpaid leave made a significant difference in reducing employee turnover among middle-aged caregivers. Access to family-friendly benefits like flexible hours and paid vacation days did not ease the psychological distress of caregivers.
Researchers at Simón Bolívar University discovered that Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum are the bacteria responsible for fermenting beans. Fermentation increases nutrient digestibility, making beans a valuable source of nutrition for those with digestive issues.
Researchers create computer algorithms to verify connection between material delivery and fluid pressure, potentially increasing chemotherapy success rate. The method may be used before chemotherapy begins to determine if high fluid pressure could render treatment ineffective.