The HBZ protein is crucial for persistent infection of HTLV-1 in an animal host. Researchers discovered that a drug targeting this protein could disrupt viral replication and provide a new therapy for infected individuals.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a device that generates coherent ultrasonic waves, allowing them to study laser dynamics and measure material properties. The 'uaser' has potential applications in modeling and studying laser behavior, as well as sensing changes in materials.
Stevens Institute of Technology has partnered with Competitive Technologies to commercialize its intellectual property (IP) worldwide. The partnership aims to bring new technologies from concept to market, including non-invasive bone mass measurement techniques, stent delivery systems, and athletic devices.
Research by University of Oregon scientists reveals that rapid climate change is leading to heritable genetic changes in animal populations. This includes changes in timing of seasonal events, such as earlier reproduction and migration, rather than adaptations to temperature increases.
Researchers found massive-star supernovae to be major space dust factories, producing up to seven thousand earth masses of solid dust particles. This discovery challenges existing theories and provides new insights into the processes that produce dust in the universe, with implications for the formation of comets, planets, and life.
The IU School of Medicine has received a $8.9 million grant to expand its HIV/AIDS programs in Kenya. The program, AMPATH, will provide anti-retroviral drug treatments to over 18,000 people by September 2007 and screen more than 25,000 pregnant women annually.
Researchers developed a phage-genomics educational platform, attracting high school and undergraduate students to scientific discovery. The study found that simplicity, flexibility, and ownership are key attributes of an effective science program.
Researchers have discovered the importance of white matter in the human brain using a new tool called Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). This breakthrough has the potential to reveal the role of white matter connections in various neurological conditions. The findings may also raise ethical concerns about how this information is used.
Research by Yale University's Margaret Clark and Steven Graham found that individuals with low self-esteem are slower to respond when judgmenting partners due to their tendency to idealize or devalue them. The study also introduced the I-TAPS scale, a tool to measure the extent of segregated thoughts about partners.
A group of 654 environmental policy makers and academics have created a list of 100 key questions to help bridge the gap between science and policy. The list aims to inform policy decisions with sound scientific research, addressing pressing ecological issues.
Researchers found that female domesticated canaries varied the size of their eggs in response to the attractiveness of the male's song. The study highlights the importance of behavioral stimuli for reproductive physiology. In this experiment, attractive songs led to larger eggs, but no difference was observed in brood sex ratio.
A new study suggests that prepaying benefits for diabetes prevention could save healthcare costs by preventing millions of individuals from developing the disease. By sharing costs with employers and individuals, private health insurers and Medicare can cover lifestyle interventions, reducing the economic impact of obesity and diabetes.
A team of researchers led by Ravi Allada from Northwestern University discovered that mushroom bodies play a crucial role in regulating sleep in fruitflies. The study suggests that the area may function to consolidate memories formed during the day, similar to vertebrates.
A comprehensive literature-derived database of yeast interactions has been created, containing over 22,000 protein interactions and 11,000 genetic interactions. The database is publicly available and enables researchers to gain further insight into individual gene functions and biological network features in yeast.
The BROOM software system streamlines sampling and cleanup activities, minimizing downtime and providing a transparent basis for facility reoccupation. This technology has the potential to save multi-millions of dollars in costs and improve public safety.
A new study found that infants born to mothers who took ACE inhibitors during the first trimester had a significantly higher risk of major birth defects. The study examined over 29,500 infant records and showed a clear increase in birth defects following first-trimester-only exposures.
PLOS ONE introduces a new approach to open-access publishing, eliminating barriers between authors and their audience. The platform employs powerful search tools, annotations, and discussion threads to facilitate exploration and understanding of diverse content.
Researchers at Cornell University are developing tiny, implantable sensors that can measure blood flow, temperature and pressure in real-time. The technology has the potential to enhance patient monitoring tools and create microscopic implants or sensor systems integrated with present equipment.
The Vera Bradley Foundation has donated $6.8M to the IU Breast Cancer Research Program, supporting groundbreaking research and improving treatment outcomes for patients. The gift is the foundation's 13th major donation to IU School of Medicine and marks a continued commitment to finding a cure for breast cancer.
Researchers found that the amplitude of shaking directly affects the chance of an aftershock, following an inverse power law relation. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that aftershocks are triggered by static stress resulting from crust movement.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have made a groundbreaking discovery about the relationship between stress response and insulin regulation in flies. By boosting a molecular signal called JNK, they found that flies can live up to 85 days longer, opening up new avenues for understanding human diabetes and aging.
Researchers have developed tiny carriers, called gadolinium oxide nanoparticles, that can target tumors for improved imaging. These nanoparticles could enhance the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors and other cancers by reducing toxic effects of chemotherapy.
The National Science Foundation and Department of Defense partner to provide funding for Florida Tech's Summer Astronomy Research Program (SARA). Undergraduate students from across the country participate in a nine-week research program, working with faculty mentors and presenting their findings.
A whole-genome scan for OCD has identified six potentially significant regions in the genome linked to the condition. These regions are found on five different chromosomes and may hold the key to understanding the genetic basis of OCD.
A new calculator tool, ETHRISK, has been developed to better assess the risk of heart disease in British black and minority ethnic groups. The tool is based on a re-calibration of the Framingham risk equations and provides more realistic assessments of heart disease risks within a 10-year period.
The University of Auckland is launching a new Pinot noir research program to better understand the grape variety and its qualities. The program aims to enhance New Zealand's wine making reputation by analyzing grape varieties, wine making processes, and reactions.
Severe sepsis is a significant health problem causing death and ill-health in UK hospitals. Reliable data tracking is needed to plan resources and campaigns to improve outcomes.
The University of New Hampshire has delivered two identical Plasma and SupraThermal Ion Composition (PLASTIC) instruments for NASA's STEREO mission, which aims to study coronal mass ejections and their impact on space weather. The instruments will make measurements of the solar wind as they pass by the twin spacecraft.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a protein called GCN5 that plays a crucial role in controlling blood sugar levels. By altering the activity of another protein, PGC-1alpha, GCN5 can turn off pathways leading to glucose release from liver cells.
A team of scientists has discovered a new species of dwarf sauropod dinosaurs in the Harz Mountains, estimated to weigh only one tonne. The unique microstructure of their bones suggests that these animals were fully grown when they died, reaching lengths of up to 6 metres and 90 centimetre tall.
Researchers have discovered a surprising amount of carbon in the gas surrounding a young star, Beta Pictoris. The findings may indicate that asteroids and comets in this system could contain large amounts of organic material, which could have delivered building blocks of life to early Earth.
Researchers at Origen successfully culture primordial germ cells from chicken embryos, introducing genetic elements into the chicken genome. This breakthrough enables efficient and cost-effective production of human protein therapeutics in eggs, with potential applications for treating cancer and other diseases.
Astronomers propose that super-Earths can form around red dwarf stars via ultraviolet stripping, a process previously thought to only create gas giant planets. The new theory suggests that the mass of the central star determines whether a planet forms as a gas giant or a super-Earth.
Researchers discovered that the partnership between COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes plays a critical role in blood vessel development in newborn mice. This finding suggests exploring new roles for COX enzymes in biology and potentially developing new drugs.
A new method of user-testing in interactive games is being developed using 'immersidata,' which captures machine-readable records of commands sent by players. The tool, ISIS, analyzes these records to identify problems in game design and development, including navigation errors and emotional responses.
Researchers present a new non-invasive cardiac imaging technology that enables accurate evaluation of cardiac blood vessel narrowing and blood supply to the heart muscles in a single imaging session. The technology combines SPECT perfusion imaging with CT coronary angiography, providing more accurate information than stand-alone tests.
A study using bird assemblages data from 1968 to 2003 found evidence that human activities have shaped large-scale ecological patterns. Many bird species experienced geographic range expansion and an increased abundance of common species over time.
Researchers found transcription factor Elk-1 localized in dendrites of neurons, affecting cell viability. Overexpressing Elk-1 decreased cell viability, while knocking down expression increased neuron survival.
The St. Jude program in Brazil reduced abandonment rates from 16% to 0.6% and increased event-free survival from 32% to 63%, providing continuous care and psychosocial support to families. The program's success is a model for reducing disparities in cure rates between high- and low-income countries.
Researchers have discovered RNA in the cellular centrosome of surf clams, which may be related to structure, protein encoding, and organism development. This finding has significant implications for understanding cancer development and progression.
Researchers found that calpain promotes programmed cell death after cells are damaged, but also inhibits it in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. This discovery suggests that calpain inhibitors could improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation treatment in cancer patients.
Researchers found that orange and grapefruit juice can increase antioxidants in rats' systems, leading to enhanced bone density. The study suggests a potential link between citrus consumption and improved bone health.
A recent study found that breast cancer in younger black women is more likely to be an aggressive variety, with a high frequency of basal-like subtype. The study suggests that this could contribute to the higher mortality rate among young black women with breast cancer.
A phase 2 trial confirms the antitumor efficacy of sunitinib in patients with metastatic clear-cell RCC refractory to cytokine therapy. Sunitinib achieved a 34% partial response rate and median progression-free survival of 8.3 months.
A clinical pathway reduced hospitalizations by 12% and shortened hospital stays by 0.95 days per resident among nursing home patients with pneumonia. The program also resulted in a cost savings of $1,016 per resident treated.
A randomized, controlled study found that exercise reduced cancer-related fatigue and improved strength during radiation treatment, with participants taking at least 12,000 steps per day. The study showed that moderate physical activity resulted in significant improvements in aerobic capacity and reduced fatigue.
Significant studies presented at the World Congress on Osteoporosis highlight the importance of calcium, vitamin D, and protein in building bones, as well as the impact of space travel, obesity, and smoking on bone health. The congress also emphasized the need for improved screening and treatment options for osteoporosis patients.
Researchers found that the formation of glass always occurs differently when a liquid is cooled quickly into its solid form, contrary to previous theories. This discovery may help create better plastics and polymers with unique properties.
The SUPREMO trial will investigate the benefits of postoperative radiotherapy after mastectomy in women at intermediate risk of breast cancer recurrence. The study aims to identify a molecular signature that can refine selection for radiotherapy and explore its impact on quality of life.
Researchers found that Gardenia extract contains the chemical genipin, which blocks UCP2 enzyme and improves insulin secretion. In both animals and humans, high concentrations of UCP2 appear to inhibit insulin secretion from the pancreas and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Researchers assessed body image concerns in adolescents and found that 1/3 had problematic body image issues. These patients had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and suicidality compared to those without body image concerns.
Researchers at Kent State University develop negative index materials, rewriting the laws of optics and enabling super-resolution lenses, non-destructive optical tweezers, and more. The five-year project aims to create NIMs for visible light spectrum.
A USC Information Sciences Institute system identifies alpha chatterers in online communities, enabling the extraction of statistically correct answers. The method integrates speech act analysis, lexical similarity, and poster trustworthiness to create links for interpretation.
Researchers compared WBRT plus SRS to SRS alone in patients with limited brain metastases. The study found that SRS alone was associated with increased brain tumor recurrence but not worsened neurologic function or increased risk of death. Frequent monitoring of brain tumor status is recommended for this treatment option.
Researchers found that mice lacking pancreatic beta cell M3 receptors developed impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin release. In contrast, mice with increased M3 receptors showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin release, becoming resistant to developing symptoms of diabetes.
A study by Saint Louis University found obesity rates were lower in Western European countries compared to Central and Eastern Europe, linked to political changes and environmental factors.
A new technology developed at UC Berkeley enables remote consultations between rural clinics and hospital doctors, improving access to eye care services for half a million patients annually. The system uses directional antennas and routers to achieve network speeds of up to six Mb/s at distances of up to 40 miles.
Women with high-glycemic-index diets had greater risk of early AMD, regardless of total carbohydrate intake. Dietary quality, not quantity, may play a crucial role in AMD development.
Research suggests that green tea's polyphenolic EGCG offers protective effects against cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Regular green tea consumption has been linked to improved gastrointestinal function, reduced risk of chronic diseases, and potential tumor prevention.
Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a new nanofabrication technique by growing carbon nanotubes on micro-cantilevers, enabling precise measurement and control over the growth process. This platform allows for rapid testing of various chemistry or growth conditions, accelerating materials discovery.