Researchers urge companies to use comprehensive screening tools to analyze carbon footprints across all tiers of their supply chain. This will enable them to make informed decisions on reducing their environmental impact.
A University of Central Florida study found that college students' anxieties often stem from exaggerated perceptions of parental expectations. Students who perceive a supportive parenting style tend to adjust better to college life. Schools may benefit from teaching assertive communication skills to parents and students.
Circadin, a new drug developed at Tel Aviv University, replenishes the hormone melatonin, which declines with age, to improve sleep quality and morning alertness in people over 55. This therapy has also been shown to normalize blood pressure and blood sugar levels at night.
A novel approach to treating HIV/AIDS uses customized dendritic cells to stimulate immune response, showing potential for innovative therapeutic approach
A new study by Dr. Lawrence Cheskin suggests that increasing mushroom intake can help prevent or treat obesity by consuming low-energy-density foods in place of high-energy-density foods like lean ground beef. Mushroom meals were found to be as palatable and appealing as meat meals, with no difference in appetite or satiety.
A new study suggests that ventilator-induced lung injury still occurs even with lower breath volumes, highlighting the need for more accurate assessments of lung stress and strain. The researchers recommend routine assessment of esophageal pressure and lung volumes to improve patient outcomes.
Biologists at the University of Virginia discovered a switching mechanism in the eye that regulates sleep/wake cycles in mammals. The finding demonstrates that light receptor cells play a key role in setting the brain's primary timekeeper, leading to potential new treatments for sleep disorders and visual impairments.
A study by Yale researchers found that prediction markets are a strong tool for forecasting US presidential elections. The authors analyzed the 2004 election market and found that traders quickly assimilated new information as it unfolded over the campaign, indicating their ability to accurately predict outcomes.
A study found that older adult dementia caregivers have significantly worse sleep patterns than non-caregivers, with less total sleep time and increased daytime sleepiness. Caregivers also reported lower subjective sleep quality and higher depressive symptom scores.
Researchers have developed a prototype test that can predict clinical outcome for melanoma patients, distinguishing between rapid and slow progression to Stage IV cancer. The test uses gene signature analysis and shows promise in identifying patient subtypes, which could improve treatment decisions and reduce clinical trial sizes.
Scientists at the Smithsonian Institution have discovered a new species of olive-backed forest robin in Gabon, Africa. The bird was found to be a separate and distinct species through DNA analysis, bringing the country's total known bird species to 753.
Researchers at Caltech developed a novel way to produce large quantities of drugs, including antiplaque toothpaste additives and antibiotics, using genetically modified yeast. The yeast produces reticuline, a precursor for benzylisoquinoline alkaloid molecules with various pharmacological activities.
Researchers identified a crucial protein, TGD4, essential for chloroplast formation and photosynthesis. This discovery may lead to tailored plant varieties for efficient biofuel production, reducing costs and increasing oil accumulation in leaves.
A team of Princeton University researchers has developed an automated system that can reconstruct wall paintings from fragments, reducing the time needed from years to months. The 'Griphos' system employs a combination of computer algorithms and mirrors traditional archaeological procedures, enabling archaeologists to use it as a tool.
Girls are more likely to experience persistent asthma, whereas boys tend to outgrow the condition. After nine years of monitoring, researchers found that girls' airway reactivity did not change significantly over time, while boys became increasingly tolerant to larger doses of methacholine.
Researchers from Northwestern University have successfully mass-produced the 2008 Summer Olympics logo, 15,000 times, using a new printing technique called Polymer Pen Lithography (PPL). The PPL method allows for fast, inexpensive, and simple printing on nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter length scales.
Researchers have developed a computer program that will help astronauts manage psychosocial challenges, including depression and interpersonal conflicts. The Virtual Space Station is being tested with veteran astronauts, providing private access to treatments even when they're far from Earth.
A recent study identified a bluetongue virus strain that originated in sub-Saharan Africa, rather than Europe. The discovery was made through multi-centre sequence analysis of the full genome of the virus strain and its comparison to other BTV strains.
The Gaza Strip's drinking water has been found to contain high levels of nitrate, posing a significant risk to infant health. The contamination is primarily attributed to the use of manure and wastewater in farming practices.
Researchers Dagmar Voigt and Stanislav Gorb from the Max-Planck Institute for Metals Research discovered that mirid bugs' non-stick surface disrupts the adhesive properties of Roridula gorgonias' glue. The team found that the mirid bug's greasy coating prevents the glue from adhering to its surface, allowing it to evade capture.
The J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center has been renewed as one of 11 nationwide Claude D. Pepper Older American Independence Centers. The center will receive almost $1 million each year to support clinical research in aging and promote functional independence among older adults.
The number of dead zones in coastal waters has increased by a third between 1995 and 2007, with 405 areas affected, covering an area of 95,000 square miles. Dead zones are caused by excess nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to oxygen depletion.
A study found that sleep plays a key role in preserving emotional memories, strengthening the memory's emotional core while diminishing neutral background details. This process enables the brain to selectively preserve only the most salient information, leading to vivid recall of emotional events.
A new study reveals that increased campaign spending significantly improves citizen participation in State Supreme Court elections. The research, published in the American Journal of Political Science, found that greater spending facilitates voting and strengthens the connection between citizens and courts.
Research suggests a strong link between middle ear infections and obesity, with damaged taste nerves leading to a preference for fatty foods. Tonsillectomies may also contribute to weight gain in children and adults.
A University of Michigan study found that over 80% of Air Force women deployed in Iraq experienced physical health problems, including fatigue, fever, and hair loss. The study suggests that deployment-related stressors may play a critical role in developing these symptoms.
A recent study published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases found Brazilian children are five times more likely to develop eye lesions by four years old, with vision compromised in 87% of cases. The researchers believe infection with virulent genotypes prevalent in Brazil contribute to the severity of clinical symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a baker's yeast protein, Hsp104, that can reverse protein aggregation in animal models of Parkinson's disease. This breakthrough finding holds promise for developing new treatments for the condition.
Researchers develop self-assembling polymer arrays that improve data storage capacity and reduce manufacturing time. The technology uses block copolymers to create precise patterns, enabling higher-density arrays and faster production.
Researchers at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a protein called Hsp104 that dramatically reduces alpha-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic degeneration in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. The study suggests that Hsp104 could be considered as a potential st...
Researchers discovered that Leishmania major parasites exploit the body's wound-healing response to sand fly bites, evading death and establishing long-term infection. Neutrophils play a critical role in the development of the disease, allowing parasites to survive inside them before escaping into macrophages.
A study published in the Journal of Small Business Management found that promoting a company's family aspect can enhance performance and provide competitive advantage. Family businesses influence customers' purchase decisions by reminding them of the personal connection behind the business.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine expert discusses organ donation after cardiac death, a controversial topic that raises ethical considerations. The
New studies examine the link between consumer behavior and emotional well-being, finding that value seekers are happiest, while non-spenders and experiencers are also more content. Additionally, researchers discovered that moderate-income gamblers, known as 'big fish,' are at high risk of financial and psychological trouble.
A new study found that combining two commonly used blood pressure medications, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, reduces urine protein levels more than taking either medication alone. However, it also causes more kidney damage and a higher risk of death among high-risk patients.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new method using single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery vehicles for cancer chemotherapy drugs. They found that the nanotubes can deliver up to 10 times more medication into tumor cells than traditional formulations, reducing side effects and improving treatment outcomes.
A genetic trait linked to a 10-20 percent incidence in colorectal cancer patients significantly increases the risk of developing cancer to 50 percent if inherited, surpassing other known gene mutations.
The Marine Conservation Alliance will document its work on halibut and salmon excluder devices for trawl nets, as well as its marine debris cleanup efforts, at the American Fisheries Society Meeting in Ottawa. The MCA Foundation's cleanup work removed over 175 metric tons of plastic debris from Alaska shorelines last year.
A study published in JCI Journals suggests that a yeast protein called Hsp104 may hold the key to treating Parkinson's disease. The protein was found to inhibit alpha-synuclein aggregation, which is thought to contribute to PD pathology.
Researchers developed an analytical model to explain how aerosols influence cloud development and coverage. The study found that human-caused aerosols can increase or decrease cloud cover, depending on the region and time.
Researchers found Rheb overexpression is sufficient to induce low-grade prostate neoplasias and contributes to lymphoma formation. Targeted inhibition of Rheb shows promise in counteracting tumor progression in both cancers.
Researchers found that a subtle difference in gene activity is responsible for one in every 10 colon cancer cases. The study identified a specific gene, TGFBR1, which normally protects against cancer, and its abnormal expression increases the risk of colon cancer nearly nine times.
A study by University of Minnesota researcher Akshay Rao found that the timing and content of political messages affect voters, with abstract concepts gaining traction in distant future elections. As election dates approach, voters prioritize concrete details over broad ideas.
A new study reveals that even slight stress and anxiety can substantially worsen allergic reactions to routine allergens, leading to longer-lasting symptoms. The researchers found that the next day's reaction was often stronger and more severe, suggesting an ongoing response to the allergens.
A new study reveals carotid endarterectomy is an effective stroke-prevention procedure for high-risk patients with multiple medical conditions. Despite concerns about surgical risk, the procedure achieved low mortality and morbidity rates, as well as long-term freedom from stroke.
The American Chemical Society has inducted 25 scientists into its Heroes of Chemistry hall of fame, including Bruce Roth, inventor of Lipitor, the world's largest selling drug. The honorees are being recognized for their groundbreaking research and contributions to humanity.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that high school students in metropolitan China prioritize good relations with peers over parents for self-esteem. High school is a challenging period for Chinese adolescents due to intense academic pressures from parents.
A randomized controlled trial found that high-dose tirofiban improved ST-segment resolution and clinical outcomes for STEMI patients undergoing primary coronary angioplasty. The study showed lower overall mortality and less urgent repeat PCI in the tirofiban group.
A Duke University engineer and colleague have applied the constructal theory to explain how trees are designed for water flow and wind resistance. The resulting patterns and proportions match those of the Eiffel Tower, highlighting the interconnectedness of nature's flow systems.
Carnegie Mellon researchers digitize old books with reCAPTCHA, achieving industry-standard transcription accuracy. Over 100 million CAPTCHAs are solved daily, equivalent to hundreds of thousands of hours of human effort.
Research reveals teens' flawed attitudes towards trauma-related injuries, prioritizing fate over choice. Program participation improved risk perception, but knowledge decayed over time. Emotional connections with injured peers and reflection components played a crucial role in sustaining long-term changes.
Researchers from Michigan Technological University used meteorological balloons to measure temperature, composition and water content of volcanic gases. They detected sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor emissions with implications for remote sensing studies and neighboring residents.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics will present five awards for key contributions to space science and technology during the AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition. Notable recipients include Elon Musk, Michael A'Hearn, and the TacSat-2 Spacecraft Team.
A study explores how daily stress affects blood pressure regulation and how genetics, obesity, and oxidative stress contribute to this process. The research aims to develop personalized treatments by identifying factors that make individuals respond differently to stress and therapy.
Researchers at UT Austin create fruit fly model to study Angelman syndrome genetics, revealing behavioral dysfunctions similar to human cases. The UBE3A protein's role in degradation is linked to disease symptoms, with mutant flies displaying circadian rhythm irregularities and memory impairments.
A study published in JAMA found that former child soldiers in Nepal are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and PTSD, with 53% meeting symptom cutoff scores for depression. The researchers suggest that the reintegration process may be a contributing factor to their mental health problems.
Studies link cocaine-evoked synaptic changes in dopamine (DA) neurons to long-term drug-seeking behavior, highlighting NMDA receptor signaling and glutamate receptor subunit composition. Findings support a role for NMDAR-dependent modulation of DA neurons in cue-induced relapse.
Experts warn of catastrophic ocean extinction unless drastic measures are taken to reverse the damage caused by human exploitation, pollution and climate change. The consequences include the collapse of edible species, toxic algal blooms and increased disease outbreaks.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a technology that uses live fish embryos to detect harmful chemicals in water, providing an early warning system for environmental contamination. The tool measures oxygen use in developing fish, revealing minute levels of toxic substances before they cause harm.
Scientists have discovered that infants develop increased sensitivity to negative emotional expressions at around 6 months old. This change allows them to focus more intensely on fearful faces and take longer to shift their attention away from these stimuli.