A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that significant others generally play a positive and supportive role in diet changes, with some facilitating the change through their own dietary habits or providing motivation. However, these positive roles varied widely in terms of impact on changers' experie...
Scientists warn of potential sea-level rise as Antarctic ice shelf collapses. The Wilkins Ice Shelf's disintegration is linked to rapid climate change, with the remaining ice supported by a narrow strip between two islands.
Playing numerical board games boosts preschoolers' counting, numeral recognition, and estimation skills, with benefits lasting nine weeks. The study found that such activities can bridge the gap in math knowledge between low-income and middle-income children.
The genome of Tribolium castaneum, a major agricultural pest, has been fully sequenced. This achievement will enable the development of new methods to protect food plants against beetles. The sequencing also provides valuable insights into the biology of other beetle species.
A new study has found that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of breast cancer recurrence in women who have survived breast cancer. The HABITS trial, which followed over 200 breast cancer survivors for four years, found that HRT significantly increased the risk of disease recurrence.
A new 300km diameter giant ocean eddy has emerged off the NSW coast, with scientists tracing its birth to last August. The cold water at the new eddy's centre has welled up about 500m from the ocean depths, providing valuable insights into ocean forecasting systems.
New research suggests that social problems are more likely to contribute to anxiety and depression than the reverse. Children with internalizing problems (anxiety, depressed mood) were more likely to have symptoms in adolescence and young adulthood, while socially competent youth maintained their relationships.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that low doses of hydrogen sulfide can safely depress metabolism and cardiovascular function in mice, producing a suspended-animation-like state. The effects are reversible and do not depend on reduced body temperature.
Researchers at Jülich and Emory University have synthesized a stable inorganic metal oxide cluster that enables the fast and effective oxidation of water to oxygen. This breakthrough could contribute to solving energy and climate problems by producing hydrogen from renewable sources using artificial photosynthesis.
A study from UC Irvine suggests that epilepsy is associated with an abundance of neuron 'hubs' in the brain, which can lead to seizures. These hub networks promote the onset of seizure activity by amplifying brain signals.
Scientists integrated remote sensing products with soil science data to quantify soil carbon changes over large regions. The study results in a spatially-explicit carbon accounting framework that can predict future land use and inform enhanced land management data sets.
A new study published in Radiology found that MRI detection of extracapsular extension is an important factor in determining outcome for men scheduled to undergo radiation therapy. Patients with substantial extracapsular spread are more likely to experience recurrence and spread of their cancers.
A new study challenges the idea that antisocial behavior is relatively unchangeable during the teenage years. The study found that decision making and behavior among adolescents are related across time, with efforts to help being more effective if they address how adolescents make decisions about acting aggressively.
The Human Oral Microbiome Database provides detailed information on the 600 most common mouth bacteria, their role in oral health and general well-being. The database links genetic data to scientific literature and allows for analysis of microbe genomes.
The joint venture aims to develop a new scanner incorporating CSIRO's neutron technology and Nuctech's x-ray systems to detect a wide range of threat items in air freight containers. The scanning technology is designed to be non-intrusive, taking less than one minute to scan an air freight container.
A new study by Brigham Young University shows that bear spray is an effective deterrent against bears, with a success rate of 92% in halting aggressive behavior. The study also found that running away from bears can actually attract them, and users should take precautions when using the product.
A team of researchers from Arizona State University has developed a biosensing nanodevice that can detect diseases at the single molecule level. The device uses a biological engine to emit a signal when it detects a target DNA, resulting in high sensitivity and portability.
Experts urge G8 leaders to establish a new fund to support neglected tropical diseases control and elimination. The proposed Global Fund could help scale up donated drug administration, leading to sustainable poverty reduction.
Researchers found that disabling the ZFR1 gene reduces toxin production by 82% in Fusarium verticillioides on corn kernels. The study identified a specific sugar transporter, FST1, necessary for FB1 production, which acts as a molecular sensor for toxin creation.
A new study using fMRI found that people with depression show increased activation in the anterior cingulate region when anticipating reward, indicating a conflict between processing rewards and punishments. This finding suggests that depression may not be solely the absence of pleasure, but rather an experience of emotional pain or fr...
A new analysis by George Washington University Medical Center found that 15% of hospitality industry employees suffer from serious alcohol-related problems. Workplace screening and brief intervention can help reduce excessive alcohol use in the workplace.
Researchers used perfusion MRI to track changes in blood volume in patients with low-grade gliomas, finding that increased rCBV is an indicator of future malignant transformation. The study suggests that significant changes in rCBV represent an early warning sign of impending malignant transformation.
Researchers are developing a new method for measuring forest carbon stores on a large scale using the ECHIDNA instrument. The technique combines ground-based LiDAR data with airborne and spaceborne sensors to provide accurate estimates of forest biomass.
A long-term study of over 1 million men and women found that preterm birth contributes to lower educational achievement and higher rates of infertility. The study also found a link between preterm birth and an increased risk of complications in future offspring, with the earlier the baby is born, the higher the risk.
CSIRO welcomes Boeing's establishment of Phantom Works, a branch of its advanced research organization, to foster innovation and growth. The partnership aims to develop breakthrough technologies in aerospace solutions, including lightweight composite materials and intelligent vehicle health monitoring.
The Tibetan Plateau's rise is now believed to have occurred in stages, with the central part uplifting first at least 40 million years ago. This finding has significant implications for understanding major episodes of global climate change.
Researchers have discovered evidence of maize consumption in tropical Ecuador dating back over 5,000 years. The findings suggest that corn was a vital food crop for villages in the region, contradicting previous theories that it was only used for ritual purposes.
The article discusses the controversy surrounding when to initiate antiretroviral treatment in children with HIV. Dr. Steven Welch argues for deferred treatment to avoid poor adherence habits and drug resistance, while Professor Di Gibb advocates for early initiation to prevent disease progression and promote healthy growth.
A consensus statement provides guidance for whole-genome research participants regarding informed consent, withdrawal, results return, and data public release. The authors emphasize the need for robust governance and oversight mechanisms to protect participants' privacy and autonomy.
A new surgical approach, called bilateral nephron-sparing surgery, has shown promise in saving both kidneys of children with bilateral Wilms tumor. This procedure involves removing the malignant tumor while sparing as much healthy kidney tissue as possible.
Gro Amdam investigates biochemical factors influencing aging and longevity in honeybees, focusing on vitellogenin protein and social life history properties. Her work may reveal mechanisms governing lifespan in social species.
Researchers discovered that ants have been farming fungus for approximately 50 million years, with four distinct agricultural systems emerging over time. These findings shed light on the evolution of agriculture and could lead to improved human agricultural and medical methods.
Despite having a family history of colon cancer, African Americans are less likely than whites to receive recommended colonoscopy screenings. The study found that only 27.3% of African Americans with a family history underwent the screening within the past five years.
Data indicate pre-existing lamivudine resistance predisposes patients to higher rates of BARACLUDE resistance. Nucleoside-naive patients experienced a cumulative probability of genotypic resistance of 1.2% through five years.
A meta-analysis of previously published studies found that dieting and medication can significantly lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Weight loss interventions involving orlistat resulted in greater reductions in both body weight and blood pressure compared to usual care or placebo groups.
PTL will test concentrator PV systems and work with manufacturers to certify products, develop warranty information, and measure up against industry standards. The goal is to fill a need for reliability tests, subjecting modules to extreme conditions to simulate operational lifetimes.
Research suggests that increased competition between species for resources limits new species evolution, with rates of speciation slowing down over time. Studies analyzed bird family phylogenies and found a decrease in new species formation as the number of competitors increases.
A University of Houston report found that students in a 'hybrid class' incorporating instructional technology scored higher on average, with minimal interaction between instructor and professor. Students preferred the self-paced nature of the hybrid class, which also reduced space management issues for large campuses.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have successfully transmitted two bits of information using a single photon, overcoming a fundamental limit in classical coding. The breakthrough uses hyper-entangled photons to encode and decode messages, paving the way for more efficient quantum communication.
Researchers Isabelle Brocas and Juan D. Carrillo present a situation where one party controls public opinion despite having access to the same information as others. This phenomenon, known as 'influence through ignorance,' occurs when power comes from controlling the flow of public information rather than possessing private information.
A study of 7,290 participants in eight European countries identified patterns of person-to-person contact relevant to controlling the spread of infectious diseases. Statins impair antitumor effects of rituximab and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against B cell lymphoma cells.
Researchers have shown that MRI can non-invasively characterize brain tumors and determine which are responsive to specific treatments based on their molecular properties. The study identified five distinct MRI features linked with particular gene expression patterns, including those associated with tumor proliferation and growth.
A new study by researchers at the University of Southern California and University of Pennsylvania reveals that male infants in developed nations are more likely to die than female infants. The disparity has narrowed in recent decades due to medical advancements such as C-sections and intensive care units.
A University of Missouri researcher found a way to isolate and test genes related to memory by manipulating compounds associated with the fly brain. This discovery could lead to new treatments for Parkinson's disease and depression.
Researchers found that men with one or two hypertensive parents had higher average blood pressure and a greater risk of developing hypertension. Early-onset hypertension in both parents was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing hypertension by age 35.
A recent study published in Medical Care found that patients who receive free drug samples have significantly higher out-of-pocket prescription costs than those who don't. The study analyzed data from over 5,700 patients and found that patients receiving samples spent an estimated $244 for a six-month period.
The University of Delaware's Institute of Energy Conversion will receive $3.75 million from the U.S. Department of Energy's Solar America Initiative to continue researching photovoltaic-based solar cells, aiming to produce high-efficiency solar cells and expand its expertise in new areas.
A recent court ruling supported JAMA and Archives of Internal Medicine in their opposition to Pfizer's subpoena for confidential information regarding COX-2 inhibitors. The subpoenas sought documents related to the decision-making process, but the court ruled that this information was irrelevant to the pending claims.
OHSU Cancer Institute researchers found that SGX393 is effective against Gleevec-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by inhibiting T315I mutant and most, but not all, other Gleevec-resistant mutants. The combination of SGX393 with Sprycel or Tasigna completely suppressed resistance in a pre-clinical study.
Olafs Daugulis, a UH assistant professor of chemistry, has developed a simplified technique to form compounds used in pharmaceuticals and plastics. This method reduces waste, labor, and costs while increasing efficiency.
A study by NYU dental researchers found that pregnant women with periodontal disease are more likely to develop gestational diabetes. The study, led by Dr. Ananda P. Dasanayake, followed 256 women and found a significant link between gum disease and inflammation and the onset of gestational diabetes.
Researchers designed an enzyme for a specific reaction using computational design, but the synthetic enzyme was less efficient than naturally occurring ones. However, by allowing the enzyme to undergo 'evolution in a test tube,' they were able to improve its efficiency 200-fold and increase reaction rates by a million-fold.
Researchers at Kansas State University have validated a new method to destroy pathogens in beef jerky production, making it safer for consumers. The process involves additional drying time at 68 degrees Celsius to ensure both E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella are eliminated.
Researchers found that elevated CO2 levels in soybeans attracted more adult Japanese beetles, Western corn rootworms, and Asian soybean aphids. The study suggests that global environmental change is multifaceted, with increased insect damage due to impaired plant defenses.
Researchers found that Staph aureus produces lactic acid in the presence of nitric oxide, allowing it to thrive. This mechanism makes it difficult for our bodies to defend against the bacteria, making traditional antibiotics less effective.
Activating OX40 protein in mice eliminates existing tumors and prevents new ones from forming, suggesting its potential as an anti-cancer therapy. The approach may mitigate the risk of autoimmune disease, as the mice showed no signs of autoimmunity.
Yang's project aims to create ultra-high-speed single electron memory devices based on CNTs, which could replace silicon transistors in future electronics. The team will investigate novel in-plane CNT structures for high-speed and low-power applications.
A new mathematical model could revolutionize how scientists study cellular signaling pathways, potentially leading to more effective treatments for cancer and other diseases. The model takes advantage of today's computing power to provide a superior tool for understanding the complex interactions between cell signals.
A study from Tufts University reveals a digital skills divide among socio-economic groups, affecting parents' ability to access trustworthy child development information. Parents in higher SES groups outperform lower SES counterparts in evaluating search engines and building searches.
Researchers have identified a finely tuned control system in Pseudomonas bacteria that enables them to form biofilms, which contribute to chronic infections. The WspR enzyme plays a crucial role in this process, and its regulation helps balance the production of c-di-GMP.