Researchers have discovered how isotretinoin, the most potent acne treatment, works by triggering cell death in sebaceous glands. The study found that agents targeting Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin may provide a new approach to treating acne.
A team of Northwestern University chemists has developed a new metal sulfide material, KMS-1, that can effectively remove strontium, a major component of nuclear waste, by exploiting its unique properties. The material works across the pH scale and outperforms existing methods in terms of selectivity and efficiency.
A new study found that depressed heart attack patients have a higher risk for sudden death in the months following a heart attack, and this risk continues for many years. The study of over 750 patients showed that even minor depression increases mortality risk.
A recent study found that general practitioners diagnosed 79% of rheumatoid arthritis cases, but only 27% of those cases were referred to a rheumatologist. Furthermore, many patients were not even confirmed to have rheumatoid arthritis despite being seen by a specialist in the first three months after diagnosis.
Researchers found that gold nanoclusters can change shape under an applied electric field, transforming from a three-dimensional structure to a planar flat structure. Oxygenation of gold nanowires also enables magnetic properties, with conductive behavior up to a certain length and insulating behavior beyond.
A new study published in PLoS Medicine shows that individuals who drink on a regular basis have a higher systolic blood pressure due to the ALDH2 gene variant. This association indicates that alcohol intake has an effect on blood pressure, particularly for Japanese men.
A new study found that estradiol helps protect against auditory damage, particularly in mice with deficiencies in estrogen receptors. Treatment with ER-beta-binding drugs also showed promise in preventing hearing loss.
Researchers found that tamoxifen significantly reduced mania scores and improved patient outcomes in a three-week clinical trial. The study suggests that tamoxifen's effects on protein kinase C may be beneficial for treating bipolar disorder.
Researchers found that adults and young children can rapidly identify snakes among harmless images, but struggle with detecting them in cluttered environments. This innate ability may be linked to our ancestors' survival and reproductive success.
Appelbaum's pioneering research harnesses the magnet-like spin property of electrons to create faster, more energy-efficient devices. His work supports the development of a new logic architecture for electronics.
Researchers found three-billion-year-old zircon microcrystals in northern Ontario with an incredible 200-million-year growth span. The crystals provide a new record of planetary evolution and contradict previous theories about their behavior when exposed to heat and pressure.
A recent survey reveals that 22% of new R&D centres will be located in China and 19% in India, as multinational firms tap into emerging economies' resources and markets. This trend raises significant challenges, including managing research and development in foreign countries.
A survey of 305 college students found that 40% of cell phone users said they walked alone at night after dark. Women reported feeling safer with their phones, leading to increased willingness to take risks.
Researchers found that daily breakfast eaters consumed a healthier diet and were more physically active, leading to less weight gain and lower body mass index levels. Eating a healthy breakfast may help adolescents avoid overeating later in the day and disrupt unhealthy eating patterns.
Researchers have found that adult stem cell changes underlie Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disease causing premature aging. The study reveals progerin's effect on adult mesenchymal stem cells, leading to accelerated maturation into bone and loss of fatty tissues.
Researchers developed a multistage delivery system to improve injectable drug efficacy, targeting diseased cells and releasing therapeutics in a controlled manner. The system uses mesoporous silicon particles to circumvent biobarriers and deliver diagnostic agents or therapeutic agents.
Researchers found ski tourism raises stress levels among capercaillie, harming their fitness and ability to breed. The study recommends keeping forests inhabited by the birds free from tourism infrastructure.
A Canadian-US research team has solved a major genetic mystery: how a protein in some people's DNA guards against killer immune diseases like HIV. The discovery of FOX03a offers promise for HIV vaccine development and treatments for other immune diseases, such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.
A study by Ohio State University found no improvement in immune status, wound healing, or pain control among participants exposed to aromatherapy oils. However, lemon oil showed a positive effect on moods, while lavender oil had no impact.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discovered a tiny RNA molecule that helps skin cells form a protective barrier. MicroRNA-203 plays a crucial role in regulating genes outside the cell's nucleus, specifically suppressing the activity of p63 to prevent stem cells from proliferating excessively.
Researchers at USC have identified A20 as an antigen presentation attenuator that prevents excessive inflammation of dendritic cells. By inhibiting A20, they found a new way to overcome regulatory T cell-mediated suppression and trigger strong antitumor immunity.
Researchers have identified an additional seven gene regions associated with coeliac disease, revealing a connection to type 1 diabetes. The study also highlights the importance of immune response genes in the development of coeliac disease, providing new insights into its causes and potential treatments.
A new mouse model of neurofibromatosis 1 closely replicates the human condition, allowing for more extensive and accurate preclinical testing of potential therapies. The model has been used to test chemotherapy agents and experimental drugs, revealing promising results and shedding light on their effects.
A new study found that methylphenidate treatment improved sleep parameters in adults with ADHD, including increased sleep efficiency and a feeling of improved restorative value. The study also showed that objective and subjective sleep problems in adults with ADHD are identical to those in children with ADHD.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found that arsenic linked to a cancer-homing drug provides a powerful imaging agent for detecting hard-to-find tumors. The technique allows physicians to detect early tumor deposits and monitor cancer's response to therapy with clear images.
A new study found that stimulant treatment for children with ADHD has no effect on their future risk of substance abuse. The 10-year follow-up study analyzed over 100 young men and controlled for conditions like conduct disorder, which are associated with substance abuse.
A new international study has found that increasing the intensity of chemotherapy can reduce mortality rates for children with severe Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) by up to 20 percent. The study, which involved 193 pre-identified patients, demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in prognosis and survival rates.
Researchers discovered that bats can generate a leading-edge vortex, increasing lift by up to 40%, allowing them to hover in mid-air. This finding challenges quasi-steady state aerodynamic theory and has implications for the design of slow-flying surveillance planes.
A study published in SLEEP found that children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit abnormal respiratory-related evoked potentials, indicating reduced protective responses to upper airway collapse. This may explain why children with OSA develop the condition despite normal arousals to non-respiratory stimuli.
A new study published in the journal Sleep reveals that narcolepsy patients have a high prevalence of eating disorders, with half reporting persistent cravings and binge eating. The study also found no correlation between weight gain and binge eating, suggesting metabolic alterations may be involved.
Loud snoring with breathing pauses is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, heart attacks, and strokes. Quiet snoring is linked only to an increased risk for hypertension in women. The study found that loud snoring carries a significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
A study published in the journal SLEEP found that both insomnia patients and normal sleepers define sleep quality by tiredness upon waking and throughout the day. Individuals with insomnia have more requirements for judging sleep to be of good quality, including a greater need for restful nights and fewer allowed awakenings.
Researchers compared three leading dietary guides, finding consistent messages on eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. A study also found that cancer survivors are more likely to use supplements, with a diagnosis of cancer being closely associated with vitamin use.