A new blood test, ELISpot-Plus, in conjunction with a skin test, can rule out tuberculosis infection within 48 hours, providing a much quicker result than existing methods. This combination enables doctors to diagnose TB more accurately and begin investigating other possible explanations for patients' symptoms.
Research found that indoor tanning is a concern for all age groups, with 20% of 18-39 year olds and 10% of 50-64 year olds tanning indoors. Older adults who tan indoors have higher skin cancer risk due to cumulative exposure.
A new stem cell technique has been developed by UC Irvine researchers, which blends two existing methods to improve cell survival rates and increase the efficiency of inserting DNA into cells. This approach is up to 100 times more efficient than current methods at producing human embryonic stem cells with desired genetic alterations.
The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) has revealed a sea of cosmic neutrinos permeating the universe and provides evidence that the first stars took more than half a billion years to create a cosmic fog. The new data also places tight constraints on the burst of expansion in the universe's first trillionth of a second.
Jeffrey A. Toretsky, a pediatric oncology physician and researcher at Georgetown University's Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, has received a prestigious Clinical Scientist Award in Translational Research from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. The award will support his research to identify molecular mechanisms of EWS-FLI1 and develop ...
Dr. Lin Mei received the 2008 Mathilde Solowey Lecture Award for his groundbreaking research on neural circuitry formation and synaptic plasticity. His studies have revealed potential causes of schizophrenia and seizures, as well as new treatment targets for psychiatric diseases.
Researchers at MIT have devised a simple and inexpensive method for sorting different types of cells, which could lead to low-cost tools for diagnosing diseases like cancer. The new device relies on the way cells interact with a surface by rolling along it, allowing specific types of cells to be separated.
A computer model developed by researchers at the Catholic University of Leuven can predict the oxygen concentration inside pears, leading to a better understanding of internal browning. The model suggests that extremely low oxygen concentrations in the core of the pear can lead to cell death and browning.
Researchers at Purdue University's Discovery Park are developing advanced simulations to predict the behavior of miniature switches in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). The goal is to improve their reliability and durability for use in various applications, including national defense and civilian industries.
A photograph taken by a wildlife biology student in 2008 may depict a California wolverine, sparking further analysis and investigation. The animal's presence has not been confirmed since the 1920s, but forest service scientists believe it is a rare sighting.
Researchers at Uppsala University have made a breakthrough in treating eating disturbances, including obesity and anorexia, by targeting the melanocortin system. The system regulates energy balance and appetite, and tiny imbalances can lead to major changes.
The Center for Radiative Shock Hydrodynamics will advance predictive science by simulating and studying supernovae. Researchers will quantify uncertainty in simulation results, understand sources of uncertainties, and make better predictions. This grant also funds a doctoral program for predictive science and engineering at U-M.
The Burroughs Wellcome Fund has awarded $9.75 million to 13 translational researchers through its Clinical Scientist Awards in Translational Research. These awards support established physician-scientists exploring scientific questions, applying knowledge at the bedside, and bringing insights back to the laboratory.
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Betty Winfield found that 19th century American journalism significantly influenced the nation's early history. By referencing certain people and events, journalists created a collective memory and gave meaning to current events.
A global study of LASIK patients found that 95.4 percent are satisfied with their new vision, with similar high satisfaction rates reported in countries outside the US. The study also identified factors associated with patient dissatisfaction, which will be presented at an upcoming ASCRS symposium.
A team of researchers discovered that a common fly's motion-sensitive neurons emit spikes very often and precisely, revealing a more complex language than previously thought. This new understanding challenges traditional assumptions about neural networks and could lead to the development of more efficient artificial intelligence.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a biochemical pathway in plants that determines cell shape and size. By understanding this pathway, scientists may be able to engineer plants with improved properties for biofuel production, such as more massive cell walls.
Researchers, led by Dr. X.J. Meng, are developing a vaccine against Hepatitis E, a major public health problem in developing countries. The team has discovered two animal viruses related to HEV, which can be used as models for studying the disease.
Scientists have identified a new species of bacteria called Microbacterium hatanonis that contaminates hairspray, similar to previously found bacteria in human infections.
Researchers at the Alfred Wegener Institute found that stratospheric ozone chemistry significantly influences the Arctic Oscillation, leading to changes in atmospheric air flows and temperature distribution. This basic knowledge is crucial for improving climate models and reducing uncertainty in simulated climate developments.
Research found that women consuming high amounts of meat and low amounts of fish have lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids, which are crucial for brain and eye function. This may lead to developmental delays in infants, emphasizing the need for dietary recommendations that promote optimal health for mothers and babies.
Case Western Reserve University researchers identified genes associated with hereditary components of colorectal cancer in a genome-wide scan. The study found susceptibility genes on chromosomes 1p, 15q, and 17p, which may lead to better cancer screening strategies.
Researchers at Penn State University have discovered that lipid molecules in cell membranes play a key role in triggering allergic reactions. The team used advanced imaging techniques to show how cholesterol-rich lipid domains associate with IgE antibodies and their receptors, leading to histamine release and allergic symptoms.
Researchers developed a bottom-up manufacturing method to produce tiny resonator arrays capable of detecting multiple molecules. This approach allows for high device integration yields and flexible material access, enabling the creation of sensitive resonance-based detection schemes.
Researchers found that non-conscious goal pursuit helps individuals achieve their objectives, even in new environments. In two experiments, participants who received achievement-related cues demonstrated improved performance in tasks requiring implicit learning.
The GLAST spacecraft is preparing for its launch on May 16 at the Kennedy Space Center. It will explore extreme environments in the universe, studying supermassive black hole systems, pulsars, and cosmic rays. The mission aims to answer questions about gamma-ray bursts and other cosmic phenomena.
Researchers developed a pH-sensitive pseudorotaxane nanovalve that can switch between open and closed states. The valve uses cucurbituril molecules to control the flow of guest molecules in porous silica spheres, offering a potential solution for targeted drug delivery.
A $30 million grant will fund research to improve malaria control and treatment in pregnancy across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The initiative aims to reduce maternal anaemia and low birth weight, potentially saving the lives of up to 100,000 children every year.
A study found that efficient primary care can prevent over 50% of hospitalizations caused by diabetic ketoacidosis, digestive haemorrhage, and chronic bronchitis in older patients. Effective management of these conditions could also reduce the risk of hospitalization for other health problems.