A new study published in Biological Psychiatry examined the role of GABA receptors in anxiety disorders, revealing that inserting GABA receptors into neurons in the amygdala increases inhibition and prevents fear extinction. This discovery provides evidence for molecular mechanisms behind cognitive and behavioral therapies.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a fluid-dynamical model that reveals nanopillars form through thermocapillary flow, not pressure fluctuations. This discovery paves the way for a new 3D lithography method with high precision and potentially limitless patterns.
Researchers found that men and women who consume low amounts of alcohol have higher healthcare costs compared to non-drinkers. The study challenges the common assumption that moderate drinking is good for your health.
A fixable error in carbon counting could undermine biofuels' effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Correct accounting is crucial to mitigate climate change and protect investments. Bioenergy can capture more carbon than existing plants, but cutting down forests to replace them releases more CO2.
Researchers are empowering Bengali women and children to identify contaminated water sources, helping them make informed decisions about where to dig wells. They're also providing testing kits to detect high levels of arsenic in the water.
Research by Wake Forest University School of Medicine suggests that blocking the NMDA receptor in immature rats leads to profound brain injury and disruption of auditory function. This raises concerns about the potential impact of general anesthetics on children's cognitive development.
A new method using laser light can convert methane into methanol, producing a low-cost, clean fuel that could reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The process also yields hydrogen for fuel cells and other industrial applications.
A study found that emodin reduces hepatic hydroxyproline content, serum AST and ALT activities, and inhibits HSC activation by down-regulating TGF-b1 and Smad4. Emodin may be an attractive therapeutic agent for treating fibrotic liver diseases.
A two-year grant will explore advanced information security risks in complex systems, combining computer science and technology management. The project aims to develop an innovative interdisciplinary framework to optimize system information security and productivity.
A team of scientists identified an error in climate treaty accounting rules for bioenergy that could encourage deforestation. The error stems from exempting carbon dioxide from bioenergy use without counting land-use emissions, creating perverse incentives to clear land.
Rohit Negi will lead a team of experts to analyze the robustness of cyber-physical systems, including electric and water grids. The goal is to develop methods to monitor and ensure the robustness of these networks, which play a critical role in daily life.
In the study, participants on liraglutide lost significantly more weight than those on placebo and orlistat. Liraglutide also reduced blood pressure and improved prediabetes rates with all doses.
Researchers found no support for theory that female choice is connected to 'good genes', suggesting females resist mating attempts primarily for their own benefit. Females with increased ability to reject males had higher fitness, while inadvertent selection for male persistence played a minor role.
A new University of Michigan study reveals that employees with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated chronic disease can incur healthcare costs up to $5,867 annually. Employers can prevent these conditions by implementing health risk appraisals and prevention programs, which cost as little as $150 per year.
Researchers at Scripps Research and UC San Diego have solved the structure of a critical molecule that helps plants survive during droughts. The study provides important clues about how hormones regulate crucial physiological responses in humans, potentially improving crop yields worldwide.
Researchers discovered a crucial immune system quirk that can lead to effective vaccines against tularemia infection of the lungs. By targeting IL-17 cytokine responses, scientists hope to develop better vaccines that can prevent lung infections.
Scientists at the University of Washington and North Carolina have made a breakthrough in converting methane to methanol, a liquid that can be transported easily. This discovery could lead to more efficient and environmentally friendly production of chemicals and fuels.
Researchers Lawrence Weider and Amy V. Callaghan will investigate how aquatic organisms cope with drastic environmental changes caused by nutrient pollution. The study targets lakes in Canada and Minnesota, where Daphnia diapausing eggs have remained dormant for over 50 years.
Researchers call for special training and education to address midwives' biases and lack of understanding about lesbian relationships. Key findings include a need for neutral healthcare routines and forms that acknowledge same-sex parents.
Researchers at NIST and University of Maryland have found that radio-frequency waves can influence atomic collisions in rubidium atoms, allowing for finer control over their interactions. This discovery could lead to the creation of exotic states of matter and more complex arrangements of ultracold atoms.
A mathematical model predicts that low background levels of radiation increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The risk is consistent with previous studies involving nuclear workers.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that inflammation in the brain helps clear amyloid deposits, contradicting long-standing scientific belief. The study suggests that manipulating brain inflammation could be a potential therapeutic approach to treat Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed a molecular diagnostic tool that uses targeted genetic sequencing to screen for variations in 362 genes associated with mitochondrial disease. The new method accurately identified the mutation underlying each patient's condition, increasing sensitivity for diagnosing previously unknown genes.
The HRS technology combines space sensors with ground and air measurements to provide advance warnings of natural disasters such as forest fires. It can also identify water contamination, pollution spills and monsoon strikes, offering valuable insights for property developers and authorities.
Researchers studied Vibrio coralliilyticus's metabolic activity using NMR, finding temperature-dependent changes that contribute to coral bleaching. The team aims to better understand the symbiotic relationships between coral and its zooxanthellae algae.
A recent study in China found that people with higher levels of pesticide exposure are more likely to have suicidal thoughts. The study suggests a potential causal link between pesticide exposure and increased risk of suicidal ideation in rural areas.
Researchers found that the tumour suppressor gene Pten plays a critical role in suppressing the development of breast tumors. The study used transgenic mouse models and showed that deletion of Pten in fibroblasts accelerates tumor growth, highlighting the importance of the tumor microenvironment in cancer development.
A team of UBC researchers has mapped the genome of a microbe that thrives in dead zones, offering new insight into its metabolic capabilities and potential impact on climate change. The discovery provides an experimental framework for studying dead zone ecology and may help monitor and mitigate their expansion.
The NIST Mobile Microrobotics Challenge tests microrobots' agility, maneuverability, and ability to move objects through three competitions: a two-millimeter dash, microassembly task, and freestyle competition.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment can lead to weight gain in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The research highlights the importance of lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and weight management, to mitigate this effect. By ...
Researchers from UNC Health Care have discovered a crucial link between the synthesis of histone messenger RNA and apoptosis, a normal biochemical response to cell damage. The study identifies FLASH protein as essential for producing histone proteins, which regulate gene expression.
A consortium of institutions, including Scripps Research Institute, has received a $12.2 million grant to develop a national network for researchers. The VIVO network will link researchers across the country and world, making it easier for them to find each other and collaborate on scientific breakthroughs.
A team of researchers from the University of Copenhagen has successfully produced an artificial enzyme that is tailor-made for any application. The new enzyme speeds up oxidizing processes using Hydrogen Peroxide and operates under humane conditions, making it a promising alternative to traditional oxidizers.
Researchers transform adult eye cells into artificial stem cells without introducing foreign genetic materials, offering a promising approach to treat degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and heart disease. This technique could facilitate autologous cell transplantation, bypassing ethical concerns with embryonic stem cells.
A study found that high transglutaminase antibody levels can accurately diagnose mucosal atrophy in celiac disease, making duodenal biopsy unnecessary. The predictive value of tTG antibodies may vary by age, with higher accuracy in adults than children.
Research finds incidental NAFLD associated with higher c-IMT and carotid plaque prevalence in outpatients. Patients with NAFLD have an increased relative risk of developing carotid plaques, highlighting the importance of metabolic risk assessment.
Researchers identified a mysterious microbe, SUP05, that plays a crucial role in shaping the ecology of oxygen-deficient zones. The microbe helps remove toxic sulfides and fixes carbon dioxide, but also produces greenhouse gases, making it a paradoxical organism.
A new UK study found that heavy cannabis use is associated with a higher risk of developing schizophrenia in young people. To prevent one case of schizophrenia, it would be necessary to stop around 2,800 male and 5,000 female heavy users, or over 10,000 and 30,000 light users, respectively.
Researchers at Fraunhofer Institute create testing systems using shearography and thermography to detect delaminations in composite materials. The combination of technologies improves quality control and eliminates processing steps.
Researchers found that brains can be trained to consciously see invisible stimuli, which may help people with blindsight gain awareness. The study suggests a potential new line of research and treatments for acquired cortical blindness.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have documented the impact of rapid bursts of new transposable elements on plant genomes. The study found that these insertions can actually benefit the host by creating novel regulatory networks, enhancing stress tolerance in rice and other selfing plants.
A UT School of Public Health study found a 13 percent decrease in the prevalence of obesity among El Paso 4th graders after implementing several statewide policies and programs. The study demonstrates the importance of community and school health programs in preventing child obesity.
A new study suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy may increase newborns' distress levels, potentially related to reduced monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) activity. This reduction in MAO-A activity can lead to dysregulation of brain neurotransmission, creating a potential vulnerability to behavioral disorders later in life.
The school has received six stimulus grants to fund projects including a center of excellence on end-of-life science, scholarships for disadvantaged students, and a nurse faculty loan program. The grants will help improve healthcare for patients across the lifespan and increase opportunities for underrepresented groups.
A study by University of Oregon researchers found that nematode worms with partners were more resistant to genetic mutations and better adapted to changing environments. This suggests that having a mate provides an evolutionary advantage over self-fertilization, leading to longer lives for offspring.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that mice housed in a lighted room for 24 hours a day exhibited more depressive symptoms than those with normal light-dark cycles. However, mice that lived in constant light but could escape showed less evidence of depressive symptoms.
A recent study found that lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone is associated with better short-term overall survival and lower toxicity than traditional high-dose therapy in newly diagnosed myeloma patients. The treatment regimen shows acceptable toxicity and low early mortality, making it a viable option for these patients.
Research from the American Journal of Pathology reveals that glycosaminoglycans contribute to skeletal abnormalities in patients with lysosomal storage diseases. Additionally, αvβ3-integrin expression improves ovarian cancer patient prognosis, while CpG DNA may be a therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Children can play a key role in driving sustainability initiatives by encouraging changes in behavior and taking on wider roles as active citizens. Schools need to adopt different learning approaches that activate creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills to harness their potential.
A UCLA study found that HIV stigma is a strong predictor of poor access to medical care and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Individuals experiencing high levels of internalized stigma were more likely to report poor access to care and lower medication adherence.
A study found that people with extreme opinions are more likely to express themselves when they believe they represent the majority, but not all extremists exhibit this behavior. The research has implications for how Americans view political opinions in their communities and parties.
Researchers have discovered a new species of shell-covered animal from the Early Cambrian epoch, dating back around 520 million years. The fossils indicate that these early animals were larger than previously thought and provide valuable information on their evolution and relationships to other species.
Classifying molar pregnancy is crucial for clinical treatment due to increased risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease. Researchers used STR genotyping and p57 immunohistochemistry to differentiate complete hydatidiform moles from partial moles and non-molar specimens.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered a unique structure in the ear of the Blue Morpho butterfly, which may allow it to distinguish between high and low pitch sounds. The membrane's properties suggest that butterflies can hear lower pitches more sensitively than other insects.
Researchers at the University of Montreal found that women are better than men at distinguishing between emotions, particularly fear and disgust. Women processed facial and multisensory expressions faster than men.
A new grant will create a national network of scientists enabling faster collaboration and discovery in biomedical research. The VIVOweb project aims to build on the existing VIVO technology, fostering alliances and facilitating access to existing projects.
A University of Florida study found that eating more plant-based foods can prevent oxidative stress associated with obesity and disease. By incorporating colorful, low-calorie foods like leafy greens, fruits, and vegetables into meals, individuals may be able to control caloric intake and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
A dietitian recommends a balanced diet rich in fiber, protein, and low-fat foods to maintain a healthy gut microbiota. Key findings include the importance of monounsaturated fats and adequate protein intake for optimal gut health.
The legal system often seeks answers to scientific questions, but rules of evidence can limit the use of scientific information. This article explores how science and law intersect in various fields, including forensic science and psychiatric specialties.
Researchers at North Carolina State University discovered a genetic 'switch' in fruit flies that contributes to increased alcohol tolerance. This switch also has implications for the development of fatty liver syndrome and cirrhosis in humans, with certain gene variations linked to excessive drinking behavior.