The pilot demonstration evaluated radiation detection sensors and protocols for small vessel maritime environment. Small vessels, including recreational boats and commercial vessels, are screened for radiological materials using portable hand-held sensors and boat-mounted systems.
A new study reveals that group therapy can significantly reduce domestic violence among homeless veterans. The 13-week psycho-educational program led to a dramatic decrease in reported abuse scores, with the most drastic drops seen in physical abuse cases.
A Scripps Research team has identified histone deacetylase 3 as the key enzyme target for a potential Friedreich's ataxia drug. The findings could lead to treatments for related conditions like Huntington's disease and improve understanding of the disease.
Researchers at Georgia State University discovered that infant pain can lead to altered brain processing of pain in adulthood. Infants who spent time in the NICU show increased opioid levels and decreased mu and delta opioid receptors, affecting pain medication efficacy.
A Northwestern University study reveals that Albert Einstein and other famous writers followed a similar pattern of correspondence, writing in cycles and adhering to a circadian cycle. The research, published in Science, demonstrates the universality of human behavior patterns across different activities.
A new study funded by the Economic and Social Research Council reveals that teenagers' attitudes towards diet and weight are shaped by their social class. Middle-class families expect their children to develop a good body shape for adult life, while working-class families prioritize everyday concerns over future health. The findings hi...
Researchers at University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston have found that increasing insulin levels can restore impaired muscle-building processes in elderly individuals. This breakthrough suggests a novel approach to addressing age-related muscle loss and has implications for developing new treatments.
Researchers created a complete model of the bacterium Thermotoga maritima's central metabolic network, including three-dimensional protein structures. This breakthrough could help identify positive and adverse drug reactions and engineer bacteria to produce clean energy.
Researchers observed Great Tits eating hibernating Common Pipistrelle bats in a Hungarian cave during harsh winters. The birds used the sounds made by the bats to locate them, and could capture and eat them in as little as 15 minutes.
Camille Harris is studying the ecological impacts of forest disturbance on LaCrosse Virus dynamics using experimentally logged forest plots. Her research aims to understand how logging influences mosquito vector distributions and resulting disease dynamics.
A team of researchers has developed a scintillating bolometer, a device that detects light and heat produced by dark matter particles. The device was tested at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain and performed excellently, proving its viability as a detector for dark matter.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has been awarded $431,200 to acquire a highly-specialized X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy System with micro-scale-imaging capabilities. This will enable researchers to visualize surface chemical composition and bonding capabilities of newly designed materials.
A recent study found that young adults are less likely to use ambulatory or preventive care, even though their mortality rate is more than twice that of adolescents. Young adults, especially black and Hispanic males, underuse ambulatory medical care and infrequently receive preventive care.
Researchers found that slowing turbine blades in low-wind periods significantly reduces bat mortality, as bats are more likely to fly when winds are relatively low. The study demonstrates a successful way to mitigate bat deaths without significantly reducing energy generated from wind farms.
A new Iowa State University study found that a family and school-based intervention program increases kids' consumption of fruits and vegetables, while reducing TV time. Program participants also walked 300 more steps per day.
HIV-infected patients are at higher risk for certain non-AIDS-defining malignancies such as anal, lung, Hodgkin's, melanoma and liver cancer. Researchers found a 60% increase in the incidence of these cancers among HIV-positive patients compared to those without HIV.
A recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology investigated whether Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy prevents gastric cancer. The research team found that younger patients with successful eradication had significantly lower incidence rates, while no overall prevention was observed for all patients.
A study published in the Journal of Dental Research found that dental plaque accumulation led to increased neutrophil activity in black males, but not in other groups. This response may indicate a higher risk for infections and heart disease in these individuals.
A new computer security approach, called 'swarm intelligence,' uses digital ants to search for threats in large networks, adapting to changes and attracting human operators to investigate. This method promises to transform cyber security by rapidly responding to emerging threats and improving overall defense.
A study by BUSM researchers suggests a connection between low testosterone levels and an increased risk of heart disease. The findings, published in the Journal of Andrology, support the idea that androgen replacement therapy could help reduce cardiovascular risk in hypogonadal men.
A recent commentary suggests that the US should spend more on researching the impact of climate change on public health due to current underfunding. The analysis highlights the need for increased funding to address heat-related deaths, diarrheal diseases, and other health issues exacerbated by global warming.
Researchers estimate diabetes prevalence in US states, finding the South has the highest rates. States like Minnesota and Alabama have high levels of blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk.
A comprehensive study sheds light on the origin of whales and dolphins by analyzing morphology, behavior, and genetics of living and fossil relatives. The findings suggest that cetacean ancestors transitioned to water before becoming carnivorous, with a 48-million-year-old semi-aquatic herbivore named Indohyus being a key discovery.
The Business Intelligence Network aims to improve information management systems for business applications, enabling informed decisions using integrated and trustworthy data. The $5 million grant will facilitate collaboration between top Canadian researchers and companies in business intelligence.
The 20/20 Network will focus on developing new biomaterials, medical devices, and drug delivery systems for treating vision disorders. Researchers aim to improve treatment of vision loss with products like composite materials, ocular microgels, and contact lenses.
Scientists have found evidence of water on the moon's surface using a NASA instrument, which detects wavelengths of light reflecting off the lunar soil. The discovery suggests that water may originate from an astronomical phenomenon called the solar wind, forming trace amounts in the lunar soil.
Researchers at UMass Medical School have discovered that monarch butterflies use their antennae to navigate towards Mexico, contradicting previous assumptions that the brain played a primary role. The study found that removing or blocking the antennae impaired the butterflies' ability to orient themselves correctly.
The Lancet publishes a landmark Series on the current state of surgical research, highlighting its problems and proposed solutions. A framework called IDEAL is introduced to guide surgeons in evaluating new innovations, aiming to identify beneficial procedures at an earlier stage.
The PROSPECT trial reveals that most unexpected heart attacks are caused by large plaque burdens and small lumen areas, not mild lesions. Characterization of plaque composition using virtual histology improves the ability to predict future adverse events.
Hilde Cheroutre's groundbreaking proposal aims to pinpoint molecular events underlying autoimmunity susceptibility, enabling early detection and potentially preventing the disease. Her innovative approach could also lead to new therapies for those at high risk or already affected by autoimmunity.
A University of Toronto-led nanomedicine research group has received a $5-million grant to develop technologies that allow for more selective detection of diseases, including lung and leukemia cancers. The team aims to speed up cancer diagnosis by incorporating plasmonics into existing procedures.
A randomized controlled trial found that surgery provides a modest benefit over nonsurgical treatment for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, with improvements in hand function and symptoms lasting up to 1 year. However, some patients reported persistent symptoms after surgery.
A team of scientists, led by MSU's Robin Buell, has sequenced the potato genome, estimating it to be 840 million base pairs. The draft sequence will help breeders improve yield, quality, and disease resistance in potatoes.
The USGS is upgrading critical earthquake monitoring networks with new technology, providing emergency responders with more reliable data to save lives and reduce economic losses. The modernization project will create jobs and stimulate economic growth in regions prone to earthquakes.
Researchers at the University of Missouri found that metacognitive activities like goal setting and plan development impact early job search stages, while positive emotions play a larger role in later stages. Conscientiousness and extraversion also influence these processes.
Researchers at UNC are working on developing new methods to measure cellular signaling and tackle chronic pain. Dr. Joseph DeSimone is using a Pioneer Award to create new delivery methods for biological therapeutics, while Dr. Mark Zylka aims to treat pain with enzyme-based treatments. These projects have the potential to profoundly im...
Recent research on five common cancers shows lifestyle interventions can prevent cancers, reduce risk factors, and counsel patients for lower cancer risk. Changes in diet, exercise, smoking habits, and UV radiation exposure can decrease cancer incidence.
Two Duke University Medical Center scientists, Tannishtha Reya and Michel Bagnat, have won the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's Pioneer Award and New Innovator Award respectively. The awards provide $2.5 million and $1.5 million in funding over five years to pursue their research on stem cell growth and fluid secretion.
Researchers at the University of Iowa challenge previous studies on social cues in babies and dogs, finding that distractions from adults lead to poor performance in a classic toy-hiding game. Computer simulations support this explanation, showing that attention and memory are key factors in the task.
Researchers Partha Mitra and Josh Dubnau will use their grants to create the first brain-wide circuit diagram for the mouse, aiming to determine alterations in corresponding circuits of neuropsychiatric disorder models. They also aim to trace how brain proteins are regulated at synapses, a complex process that is not well understood.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered matrix metalloproteinase-8 plays a crucial role in clogged arteries and heart disease. The study found that MMP8 enhances the effects of existing ACE inhibitor drugs, potentially reducing deaths from heart disease.
A new study in Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that major disasters like Hurricane Katrina can significantly impact surgical services, leading to increased costs for routine operations. However, the same study revealed that hospitals can achieve cost efficiencies by having staff cover and share more duties.
A study published in International Journal of Andrology reveals a significant difference in environmental chemicals found in breast milk between Denmark and Finland. High levels of EDCs were associated with male reproductive problems, including testicular cancer, in Denmark, while Finland had lower exposure levels.
Researchers using NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter have detected sub-surface water ice at high latitudes of Mars, with some areas showing ice purity of up to 99%. The ice is believed to be a relic of a more humid climate on Mars in the recent past and could provide insights into the planet's history.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have developed a combination drug that regulates the release of morphine and its antagonist, improving pain management for patients with chronic illnesses. The nanoparticle-based system uses a pro drug to sense oxygen levels and trigger the release of Naloxone, allowing for safer treatment in combat zones.
Vaccination against HPV, combined with national screening programmes, could lead to the eradication of cervical cancer in countries that implement such measures. HPV screening is more effective than Pap smear tests and can detect the virus in smears rather than relying on visual examination.
The study reveals two distinct dust disks around the star 51 Ophiuchi, with the inner disk spanning 4 Astronomical Units from the star and tapering off rapidly. The outer disk extends hundreds of times farther and appears more puffed up, holding smaller particles similar in size to those in smoke.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center are creating a collaborative clinical care network to improve chronic illness care. The project aims to bring patients and providers together through social media infrastructure, enabling the sharing of experiences, opinions, comments, and questions.
Research found that premenopausal women with vitamin D deficiency were three times more likely to develop systolic hypertension 15 years later. Vitamin D has a well-established role in bone health, and deficiency may also increase cancer risk and immune function problems.
Researchers have discovered molecules that can interfere with insects' sense of smell, confusing them and reducing crop damage. The findings could contribute to food security by preventing damage from insect pests.
A diabetes drug has shown promising results in slowing muscle wasting and fat loss in mice with colon cancer tumors, suggesting a potential new approach to treating cachexia, a syndrome associated with severe weight loss and muscle breakdown that can lead to cancer deaths.
Researchers discovered unique genetic regions in the most virulent C. difficile strain, which may explain its increased severity and persistence. The study provides a new opportunity to understand the emergence of this deadly superbug.
The Siebel Foundation has awarded UC San Diego's top bioengineering graduate students with a $2 million endowment to fund fellowships. The fellowships will be administered by the UCSD Institute for Engineering in Medicine, recognizing the Jacobs School's pioneering efforts in medicine and health.
A study published in Circulation Research suggests that compounds related to Viagra can counter heart failure by reducing abnormal cardiac growth. PDE1 inhibitors show promise as a new drug target, potentially combined with Viagra or beta blockers for enhanced efficacy.
Engineers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center use a laser ranging system to track the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft as it orbits the moon. The system provides distance measurements accurate to four inches, improving map accuracy and navigation.
The Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry has received a $10 million grant from the National Institute of Mental Health to advance research on geriatric depression. The team will focus on understanding the biological, medical, cognitive, and psychosocial aspects of depression in older adults.
Engineers at North Carolina State University have developed a comprehensive understanding of nanostructural control during nanoparticle formation. They created hollow, solid, and amorphous nanoparticles of nickel phosphide with controlled structures using specific reactant ratios and temperatures.
New research by University of New Hampshire professor Murray Straus reveals a strong link between spanking and lower IQs in children. The study found that children who were spanked had lower IQs four years later compared to those who were not spanked.
Researcher David Amodio examines unconscious racial associations and their impact on behavior, linking emotional and conceptual forms of bias to neural processes in the brain.
Researchers studied mitochondrial gene function in Caenorhabditis elegans to understand its impact on human diseases. They found that certain genes impair respiratory capacity and anesthesia response, providing clues for targeted therapies and potential treatments.