Research suggests that dendritic cells are essential for generating and maintaining immunological tolerance. Without these cells, the immune system fails to distinguish between self and foreign substances, leading to autoimmune responses. This study highlights the critical role of dendritic cells in protecting against autoimmune diseases.
Researchers identify LIPG gene mutations that result in elevated HDL-C levels, potentially increasing cardiovascular risk. Meanwhile, a new study suggests intermittent IL-7 therapy may boost CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-infected patients.
Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique that converts high-frequency sound waves into light, allowing for more accurate characterization of semiconductor devices. This method has the potential to improve the manufacturing process for computer chips, LEDs, and transistors.
NJIT has received a $20,000 grant from The Horizon Foundation for New Jersey to teach middle and high school students about nutrition, physical fitness, and healthy lifestyles. This program aims to prevent serious, long-term health problems among teenagers in the community.
A new paper suggests that four specific processes occur only in conscious perception tasks, offering a unique insight into the neural correlates of consciousness. By studying brain activity of patients with epilepsy, researchers isolated four converging electrophysiological markers characterizing conscious access after word perception.
Researchers at Children's National Medical Center and colleagues in Tokyo have achieved the first successful application of exon-skipping to curb Duchenne muscular dystrophy in dogs. The treatment uses synthetic DNA-like molecules called morpholinos to skip over mutated gene parts, showing promise for humans with this genetic disorder.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have successfully produced nano-sized metallic copper particles that can form electricity-conducting layers and patterns on paper. The particles, protected by polymeric compounds, exhibit good electrical conductivity and make them promising materials for electronics printed on paper.
Scientists warn that natural carbon sinks like forests and oceans are struggling to keep pace with increasing greenhouse gas emissions. This shift could lead to drastic consequences for climate change predictions.
New study finds stress-related changes in brain structure may lead to depression-like behavior and PTSD. Researchers propose that restoring hippocampal synapses could provide immediate relief from depressive symptoms.
A study published in Archives of Dermatology found that wet combing is more accurate than visual inspection for identifying active head lice infestations. The method correctly identified 90.5% of cases, while visual inspection only detected 28.6%. This finding has implications for the diagnosis and management of pediculosis capitis.
Effective measures to prevent and control hospital infections from antibiotic-resistant organisms include proper hand hygiene, a clean environment, and early patient identification. Hospital-acquired infections are more common in patients with certain risk factors such as older age, severe disease, or prolonged antibiotic use.
A new study identifies a human genetic link to high levels of 'good' cholesterol, highlighting the role of endothelial lipase enzyme mutations in HDL-C levels. Researchers discovered rare mutated forms of the LIPG gene that significantly increase plasma HDL-C levels.
Low-dose acitretin therapy shows promise in reducing nail psoriasis symptoms, with 25-33% of patients experiencing complete or near-complete clearing. The treatment also demonstrates safety and effectiveness in improving quality of life for patients suffering from severe nail psoriasis.
Assistant professor Samantha Kwan argues that the concept of obesity has been overstated and is influenced by cultural beauty messages and health discourses. She claims that women are more closely tied to weight and appearance, and that conforming to norms can bring benefits beyond being healthier.
Researchers used guinea pigs to test air disinfection methods, finding that UV lights and negative ionizers reduced TB transmission. The study showed a significant decrease in TB infection rates when UV lights and fans were used to ventilate patient room air.
Researchers found that installing UV C lights can reduce TB transmission, including drug-resistant strains. The study showed a 35-45% reduction in infection rates when UVC lights were used.
A new study published in Crop Science found that the root structure of corn crops plays a key role in the historical yield increases in the US Corn Belt. The research revealed that changes in root systems allow for more efficient water capture and sustain biomass accumulation.
Researchers at the University of Nebraska Medical Center discovered that certain estrogen metabolites can damage DNA, initiating breast and prostate cancer. A new dietary supplement called Preventium combines natural compounds to block this mechanism, potentially reducing cancer risk.
The study found that individuals who focus on individual choices are more loss-averse, while those considering portfolio strategies exhibit less emotional response to losses. This shift in perspective reduces physiological arousal, such as increased sweating, associated with financial losses.
A study by Children's Hospital Boston found that half of glass-table injuries could have been prevented or less severe with safety glass. Tempered glass can significantly reduce these types of injuries, which often result in severe lacerations and disfiguring scars.
Scientists have developed a successful treatment for dogs with Duchenne muscular dystrophy using 'exon skipping' technology, which covers up genetic errors. The treatment involves injecting tailor-made DNA patches into the bloodstream, improving muscle functioning and reducing deterioration in skeletal muscles.
A new study finds that the northeastern US coast will experience rapid sea-level rise due to global warming, posing significant threats to New York City and its surrounding areas. The expected rise of up to 8.3 inches could lead to flooding, submersion of low-lying land, and damage to ecosystems.
Researchers identified acyl CoA: monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 as a critical enzyme in fat absorption. In mice genetically modified to lack this enzyme, high-fat diets failed to induce obesity and related symptoms.
Phylonix received a broad US patent for its zebrafish-based assays to assess cardiac functions and toxicity. The company's eZ-ScreenTM technology enables thorough assessment of cardiotoxicity during early stages of drug development, leveraging the speed and cost-effectiveness of the zebrafish model.
Researchers have developed an organic material with high optical quality and strong ability to mediate light-light interaction, which can fill the slot between waveguides on integrated optical circuits. This innovation enables fast data processing in all-optical networks, potentially increasing internet speed.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have found that a class of Alzheimer's disease drugs may prevent long-term damage from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in animals. The study suggests that gamma secretase inhibitors, designed to prevent build-up of amyloid peptide, could potentially do so.
Researchers tracked viscosity changes in live cancer cells using a new Photodynamic Therapy drug. The results show that increased stickiness contributes to cell death, but also slows down the treatment's effect.
Scientists have developed a new technology to isolate dozens of HIV-specific antibodies from a single individual, allowing for the first time to study natural antibody-mediated HIV neutralization. This breakthrough may prove important in understanding how effective HIV-neutralizing antibodies arise during infection.
Researchers found that blocking dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) gene may help prevent degeneration of ailing nerve cell branches, a potential trigger for painful neuropathy. The study could lead to the development of a drug to spare cancer patients considerable pain during chemotherapy.
University of Cincinnati researchers have identified a specific step in the biological chain of events leading to Diamond Blackfan anemia. They discovered that a ribosomal protein defect leads to abnormal activation of p53, causing premature death of red blood cells.
A recent study by Research Australia found that simple cooperation between agencies and local governments is crucial for good health care aid in the Solomon Islands. The research suggests that longer-term commitment and alignment of priorities are necessary to improve the health landscape in the region.
Researchers identified a common genetic sequence alteration that enhances the likelihood of acquiring a mutation in a gene linked to certain blood diseases. Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms have a higher risk of developing another JAK2 mutation due to inherited DNA sequence changes.
Researchers in Colorado discovered a way to disrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by targeting protein and DNA with specific enzymes. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatment strategies for infections caused by this bacteria, which are prevalent in burns, wounds, and cystic fibrosis patients.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have documented a select group of children who achieved long-term tolerance after completing daily doses of peanuts as therapy for peanut allergies. The study showed that the body builds tolerance quickly, with key immunologic changes observed in these participants.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a diverse team of antibodies in slow-progressing HIV patients whose coordinated pack hunting knocks down the virus. These natural antibodies, produced by six people infected with HIV, show limited neutralizing ability when alone but become effective when combined.
Professor Ego Seeman received the IOF Medal of Achievement for his outstanding scientific contributions to osteoporosis research. The award recognizes individuals who have significantly advanced the field of osteoporosis through their original and outstanding work.
A newly identified molecular pathway directed stem cells to produce glial cells, providing insights into the neurobiology of Down's syndrome and central nervous system disorders. The study found that synaptojanin-1 is essential for glia production, which may lead to the development of drugs that inhibit glial proliferation.
Scientists have identified a new, infectious prion in yeast that can affect the expression of hundreds of genes. The discovery raises questions about the role of these proteins in degenerative brain diseases and their potential impact on human cells.
The latest Fermilab analysis excludes a significant fraction of the allowed Higgs mass range, carving out a section between 160 and 170 GeV/c2. This result is based on data from the CDF and DZero collider experiments, which predict that the Higgs particle should have a mass between 114 and 185 GeV/c2.
A new study by Cornell University uses advanced tracking technologies to monitor declining fish populations. The research reveals that mixing of stocks is a major issue in unsustainable fishing practices, highlighting the need for updated management strategies.
Researchers are working to harness solar power more effectively, creating energy-efficient and durable light sources. The project aims to produce low-cost solar cells using printing techniques, with recent results showing promising 3% power conversion efficiency.
Researchers believe Nyiragongo's unique lava is coming from a pristine deep-mantle source, identical to ancient asteroids. The discovery may indicate the beginning of a new mantle plume, contributing to volcanism and earthquakes in the region.
The study developed three transition state analogs that disrupt quorum sensing in Vibrio cholerae and E. coli 0157:H7, reducing the risk of bacterial resistance. The compounds were tested on 26 successive generations and showed no signs of resistance development.
Aarhus University's conference emphasized the need for integrated policies to mitigate climate change and protect biodiversity. The '7 Aarhus Statements' call for increased agricultural productivity, sustainable energy solutions, and citizen empowerment in addressing climate change.
Researchers at Penn State have developed stainless steel brushes that can produce hydrogen at rates and efficiencies similar to those achieved with platinum-catalyzed carbon cloth. The new design reduces costs by five times compared to traditional platinum catalysts, while maintaining high current densities and energy recovery.
Ophir Vermesh, a Caltech PhD chemistry student, has developed an innovative 'blood barcode chip' that promises to revolutionize diagnostic medical testing. The Integrated Blood Barcode Chip (IBBC) can analyze a large panel of blood-based protein biomarkers in just five minutes.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have devised a way to catalyze propane in a more environmentally friendly manner using platinum clusters. The discovery could lead to the development of energy-efficient and sustainable synthesis strategies, potentially replacing petrochemical feedstocks with abundant small alkanes.
Researchers at Rice University have created a light-bending metamaterial using nanocups that can focus light from any direction. This material has potential applications in thermal solar power, superlenses, and invisibility cloaks.
Gratitude is linked to achieving well-being, but men are less likely to express it than women. Older men also report greater negative emotions when receiving gifts from other men.
The new medical center will be a 289-bed facility featuring a children's hospital with urgent/emergency care, a women's hospital for cancer care, and adult cancer patients' hospital. The project is expected to create over 1,000 jobs during peak construction and boost local employment.
Research finds that three- and four-year-old children favor majority opinions, even in follow-up experiments with only two individuals present. This suggests young children can recognize and trust consensus, and remember group membership.
A German study found that people who have had a heart attack are more than three times as likely to have been in traffic within an hour of their symptoms. Driving or riding in heavy traffic poses an additional risk of eliciting a heart attack, especially for females, elderly males, and those with a history of angina.
The study showed an overall 19% loss in luminal diameter at 18 months and an angiographic in-stent late loss of 0.48mm at two years, falling between bare metal and drug eluting stents. Patients did not appear to get any in-stent thrombosis.
The study, published in Science, suggests that neurons in the substantia nigra play a central role in reward-based learning. Participants who responded to unexpected financial rewards showed improved performance in probabilistic learning tasks.
A study found that iron homeostasis is disrupted in prion disease-affected brains, leading to a vicious cycle of increased iron uptake. The misfolded protein PrP-scrapie causes this imbalance by altering cellular iron metabolism, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies.
A debate between world-leading experts reveals conflicting views on blood pressure control, with some arguing the kidneys play a key role and others pointing to the brain's influence. The discussion highlights major issues in blood pressure control and will guide future studies.
Researchers found that DBS in either brain target effectively treated motor symptoms, but produced unique effects on mood and mental sharpness. The discovery may impact the selection of DBS patients, especially those with pre-existing memory or cognitive disabilities.
Researchers identified a molecular pathway that triggers an immune response in multiple mosquito species, blocking the development of malaria-causing parasites. By activating transcription factor Rel 2, mosquitoes were able to mount an efficient defense against Plasmodium falciparum.
The American College of Surgeons has recognized Mayo Clinic's two Minnesota hospitals, Rochester Methodist and Saint Marys, for achieving exemplary outcomes in five clinical areas. These hospitals demonstrated high quality of surgical care through tracking patient outcomes and implementing safety improvements.
Researchers have developed a new technology to detect explosives based on their unique thermal characteristics, enabling trace detection and differentiation between individual explosives. The system uses microfabricated bridges to probe thermal signatures of chemical vapors, allowing for high sensitivity and selectivity.