A four-week episode of increased energy intake and decreased exercise caused significant weight gain, which was mostly lost within six months. However, the intervention group showed an increased fat mass compared to baseline after two and a half years, highlighting the long-term effects of short-term behavioral changes.
The survey found that interest in receiving the HPV vaccine increased if it was available free of charge, but decreased as out-of-pocket costs rose. Convenience also played a role, with many women preferring to receive the vaccine at a doctor's office rather than a local pharmacy.
Overutilization of medical imaging services exposes patients to unnecessary radiation and adds to healthcare costs. Radiologists recommend a national collaborative effort to develop evidence-based appropriateness criteria and implement practice guidelines to reduce overutilization.
A University of Illinois professor has developed a nutritious salmon baby food for toddlers, citing the importance of omega-3 fatty acids for brain development and preventing coronary artery disease. The product's taste was found to be mild and appealing to parents, with an encouraging sensory panel response.
A new study reveals that ancient alligators and giant tortoises lived on Ellesmere Island above the Arctic Circle despite six months of darkness, with average temperatures ranging from 66-68°F (19-20°C). The research provides insights into past and future biodiversity in the High Arctic as climate change impacts the region.
A new study found that the magnitude of loyalty reward programs affects consumers' perceptions of their progress. Smaller step-sizes elicit strikingly different reactions, with those closer to the reward feeling they have made more progress.
A study of over 837,000 births in Denmark found no association between exposure to certain antiviral drugs and major birth defects. The findings suggest that acyclovir is safe for use in early pregnancy, while further research is needed on the safety of valacyclovir and famciclovir.
Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria degrading oil at an unprecedented rate without oxygen depletion. The study found that psychrophilic bacteria played a significant role in controlling deep-sea oil plumes, suggesting a potential for natural bioremediation.
A new study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that cognitive behavioral therapy significantly improved symptom control in adult ADHD patients taking medication. The skills-based approach taught patients how to cope with attention problems and manage symptoms more effectively.
A study by University of Illinois Chicago biologist Jennifer Schmidt found that a female whale shark produced 304 embryos with the same father, suggesting she stores sperm after a single mating event. This finding could indicate that mating occurs as an isolated event rather than in breeding grounds.
Researchers found that oxytocin increases trust in reliable partners but not in potentially unreliable ones. Volunteers who received oxytocin nasal spray were more generous with computer and reliable partners than those who received a placebo.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that people are more satisfied with their experiences when they make personal choices, especially when the goal is pleasure. In contrast, when the goal is to achieve a higher-end consequence, there is no difference in satisfaction between those who choose and those who do not.
Researchers used Six Sigma design strategy to improve ER triage process, reducing patient waiting time and length of stay. The approach sorted patients into treatment areas based on condition severity, not arrival time, resulting in significant reductions in wait times and stays.
Researchers at the University of Kansas have discovered a new way to recognize currents of spinning electrons within a semiconductor, paving the way for superior computers and electronics. The innovation uses powerful lasers to detect spin-current in real-time, overcoming a major hurdle in spintronics research.
Caltech researchers found that flies regulate altitude by tracking horizontal edges, not the motion beneath them. This mechanism is similar to steering and was tested using an automated flight chamber with multiple cameras.
Researchers use advanced technologies to map the origin of a massive underwater hydrocarbon plume in the Gulf of Mexico, confirming it came from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The plume is 22 miles long and 3,000 feet deep, and its composition suggests it has been persisting for longer than expected.
Early testing and drug development are critical issues in Alzheimer's care, according to Dr. Kenneth S. Kosik, who argues that the medical system is not equipped to address patients' questions about treatment and end-of-life care.
A Galton-Darwin-Wedgwood pedigree has been found in the archives of Truman State University, revealing new insights into Charles Darwin's family life. The discovery, made by Professor Tim Berra, provides a unique window into the personal life of the famous scientist.
A randomized controlled trial of 301 patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction found no difference in major cardiovascular complications between those with and without planned balloon pump support. However, the study highlighted the importance of having a balloon pump on standby for high-risk cases.
Researchers found that human umbilical cord blood cells stabilized the brain cell environment and aided astrocyte survival after oxygen deprivation. However, the cells also had an impact on cytokine expression, sometimes suppressing inflammation and other times enhancing it.
Researchers discovered a nearly complete jaw from the hyena-like animal, Palaeonictis wingi, which evolved to half its ancestors' size during a 200,000-year period of global warming. The study suggests other factors may have played a critical role in its evolution.
Chinese scientists have developed a new cell design that uses an electric field to flip magnetization, resulting in faster and more energy-efficient magnetic memories. The design offers great potential for data storage and logic gates with ultra-low power consumption.
A study published in JAMA found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) improved ADHD symptoms in adults who received medication, with greater improvement and higher responder rates compared to relaxation support. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed positive and sustained effects on ADHD symptoms.
A University of Michigan professor has developed a new type of color filter made of nano-thin sheets with precisely spaced gratings, trapping and transmitting light of specific colors. The filter acts as a polarizer simultaneously, eliminating the need for additional polarizer layers, making it simpler to manufacture.
The Big Bear Solar Observatory has achieved 'first light' using a deformable mirror, resulting in the most detailed visible light image of a sunspot ever captured. This achievement marks a significant milestone for the observatory's adaptive optics system, which will enable better studies of solar complex phenomena and space weather.
Fragrance designers like Michael Papas aim to create scents that evoke emotions and nostalgia, using complex blends of synthetic and natural substances. By tailoring their creations to specific products, they strive to connect with consumers on a deeper level, making fragrances an integral part of our daily experiences.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researcher Dr Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat is unraveling the mysteries of breast stem cells, their development, and influence by oestrogen and steroids. Her groundbreaking studies aim to uncover how breast cancer progresses and why it sometimes returns.
A human study found an association between dysregulation of circadian clock genes and chronic drinking. Lower levels of mRNA in these genes were observed in alcohol-dependent patients, indicating disrupted circadian rhythm.
Scientists have developed a novel method for creating atmospheric pressure plasma jets using grounded electrodes, which differ from conventional applications. This breakthrough increases operator safety and enables the creation of jets at lower voltages, opening up new possibilities for biomedical applications.
Researchers found that exercising obese rodents showed restored signals of satiety in hypothalamic neurons, leading to decreased food intake. The study's findings suggest a new paradigm for physical activity and weight loss, reinforcing the importance of regular exercise.
Researchers have found that boosting brain levels of 2-AG, a natural painkiller, soon leads to loss of its therapeutic effect due to receptor downregulation. This discovery has implications for drug development and basic science, suggesting that more modest elevations in 2-AG may produce sustained pain relief.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that ovulating women choose sexier fashion products when thinking about other attractive local women. This unconscious behavior is driven by a desire to outdo rivals and entice desirable mates.
A study using MRI and MR spectroscopy found that abdominal and liver fat are key predictors of successful weight loss in individuals at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. After a lifestyle intervention, participants with lower baseline levels of these fats experienced greater reductions in body weight and improved insulin sensitivity.
Researchers used RAD tagging to analyze the genetic structure of Wyeomyia smithii, a pitcher plant-dwelling mosquito. The study found that post-glacial populations originated from a southern Appalachian Mountain refugium and expanded sequentially into previously glaciated areas.
High-risk patients undergoing coronary procedures with elective IABP insertion did not experience improved rates of events or death. The study found more minor bleeding in the IABP group, but no significant difference in major bleeding or MACCE.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers can demythologize their consumption practices to distance themselves from unfavorable labels. Consumers who identify with products like indie goods find ways to retain their tastes without being labeled as hipsters.
A study by USDA researchers suggests that a water-soluble cinnamon extract can improve antioxidant variables and decrease fasting glucose levels in people with prediabetes. The extract showed significant improvements, with a correlation between antioxidant status and blood glucose reductions.
A new study found that individuals with alcohol dependence not only experience impaired episodic memory but also a distorted perception of their own cognitive abilities. This distortion leads to an overestimation of memory capacities and a failure to recognize actual memory deficits.
An international team of scientists has found that the decline of the cave bear started 50,000 years ago due to human expansion and competition for land. The study analyzed mitochondrial DNA sequences from 17 new fossil samples and compared them with modern brown bears.
Scientists have trained mice to identify infected duck feces, which could lead to development of disease-detecting dogs and lab instruments. This breakthrough may enable early warning systems for influenza and other diseases.
A study from North Carolina State University found that laughter can be used strategically to control communication and affect group dynamics in serious settings. Laughter was used by jurors to release tension and acknowledge errors, facilitating the decision-making process.
Dr. Lisa Tatonetti's research reveals that Native American and Alaskan groups have a rich history of Two-Spirit traditions, with many nations having alternate genders and sexuality spaces. Her upcoming book will be the first literary exploration into recorded Two-Spirit literature.
A team of researchers has developed a system that uses electrical trickery on the brain to induce realistic spaceflight effects. The Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) system safely simulates the sensory and mobility disturbances experienced by astronauts after returning to Earth's gravity.
A Syracuse University research team has discovered a method to accelerate algae growth by manipulating light particles through nanobiotechnology. This process can enhance photosynthesis and lead to increased productivity in harvesting the feedstock for biodiesel production, while also reducing ecological resources required.
A new USDA-funded study found that children who eat federal school lunches are more likely to become overweight. In contrast, students who participate in both breakfast and lunch programs tend to be lighter than those who only eat lunch.
Early modern Ottoman coffeehouses offered patrons a space for transgressive pleasures, challenging state and religious authority. The establishments fostered the formation of a new consumer subject, resisting state prescriptions and constructing self-ethics.
A new study confirms an association between moderate drinking and reduced mortality among older adults, but notes that the health benefits are complicated by underlying risks such as prior problem drinking and socioeconomic status. The study followed 1,824 older adults for 20 years and found that controlling for confounding factors sub...
Two newer breast imaging technologies, BSGI and PEM, have been approved for clinical use despite higher cancer risks. The lifetime risk of radiation-induced cancer from BSGI and PEM exams are significantly higher than digital mammography, with estimated risks ranging from 20 to 30 times higher.
A review of population strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease concludes that screening and treating high-risk individuals may be ineffective in reducing health disparities. Instead, policy interventions to limit risk-factor exposure across populations appear cheaper and more effective.
A cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce substance use and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men was partially successful, but further research is needed to identify better methods. After one year, participants reported a 32% reduction in unprotected anal sex and similar reductions in other risk behaviors.
Tropical Storm Mindulle made landfall in central Vietnam on August 24, bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds. The storm's center was located near Vinh city, with maximum sustained winds near 46 mph.
Researchers found that cues influence disclosure levels, with unprofessional-looking sites encouraging more sharing of personal data. People are more willing to divulge sensitive information when presented with misleading or deceptive cues.
Using yeast as a model organism, researchers at Penn identified novel histone modifications key to gamete formation and potential biomarkers of human male infertility. The study reveals the importance of epigenetic processes in sperm formation, which may lead to fertility problems.
A new study published by the American Heart Association compares the risks of diabetes drugs rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, finding that patients taking either medication have a similar risk of heart attack, heart failure, or death. The study included over 36,000 patients and followed them for 33 months.
College students use various methods to prevent their female friends from engaging in risky sexual behavior while intoxicated, including persuading them not to go home with strangers and making sure they get home safely
A team of Wisconsin researchers has identified the protein targets in cells of a key hormone that controls how plants respond to environmental stresses such as drought. The study's findings could help underpin the development of new crop plant strains capable of thriving in hotter, dryer climates.
Suncica Canic develops computer models to simulate stent interactions with blood and cells, improving stent compatibility and reducing complications. Her research aims to help doctors choose the right stents for their patients and optimize stent design for specific procedures.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered a way to control the piezoelectric effect in nanoscale semiconductors called quantum dots. This enables the development of incredibly tiny new products with potential applications in solar power and nanoelectronic devices.
The larvae of the sunburst diving beetle have been found to possess bifocal lenses in four of their twelve eyes, allowing for efficient switching between close-up and distance vision. This discovery has implications for biomedical engineering and imaging technology, with potential applications for humans.
Researchers use fruit flies to study protein modifications that can contribute to cancer development. The study aims to unravel the role of enzyme San in tissue proliferation and cancer growth.