A new atlas highlights the critical role of politics in driving biodiversity loss, emphasizing the need for policy reforms to reduce pressure on biodiversity. The atlas combines key research findings from a major European project and provides recommendations for policymakers and conservationists.
Researchers at NIST and JILA developed a new type of pulsed laser that excels at not producing light, generating sustained streams of dark pulses. These ultrashort pulses are suitable for measurements on short timescales and may be useful in signal processing.
The Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean at the University of Washington will focus on 10 critical areas, including climate change, ocean acidification, and marine ecosystems. The institute aims to expand its research efforts with a potential $100 million award over five years.
A new software designed by Aude Dufresne measures emotions, body heat, and eye movements in response to online activities. This technology will help companies understand how users react to websites, enabling improvements in online experiences.
A team of researchers found that early hominids in northern Kenya ate a wide variety of foods, including fish and aquatic animals, rich in protein and nutrients. This diet may have played a key role in the development of larger brains in early humans.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new method of noninvasive brain stimulation using pulsed ultrasound, which stimulates action potentials and drives intact brain activity without surgery. The approach shows promise for diagnosing and treating brain dysfunctions such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and depression.
A study using 'Guitar Hero III' found that sleep improves performance accuracy on the game by 3-5 percentage points, compared to daytime wakefulness. The results suggest a significant correlation between sleep duration and motor learning consolidation.
A recent study found rare genetic changes in autistic children that are often not present in their parents, occurring nearly 20% more frequently. The research, involving over 60 institutions worldwide, suggests that tiny errors during egg and sperm formation may contribute to autism.
Researchers developed liposome-hydrogel hybrid nanoparticles that combine the strengths of both materials while compensating for their weaknesses. These nanoparticles have controlled release capabilities and can target specific cells, making them potential tools for targeted drug delivery.
The PRACE partnership has established a persistent pan-European High Performance Computing research infrastructure, providing computing power of several Petaflop/s. The initiative aims to support European scientists and engineers in remaining internationally competitive, addressing major challenges like climate change and energy saving.
Researchers found that polyphenols in red wine and green tea inhibit cancer growth by disrupting the sphingosine kinase-1 survival pathway. This discovery could lead to the development of drugs targeting this pathway to stop or slow prostate cancer progression, improving current treatments.
High school seniors with excessive daytime sleepiness have an elevated risk of depression. The study found that 52% had excessive daytime sleepiness and 30% strong depression symptoms.
Researchers at University of Illinois College of Medicine found that adding ARC to anti-cancer agent ABT-737 makes it effective against a wide range of cancers. The combination of agents shows tremendous synergy, reducing the dose required while lessening side-effects.
A phase I clinical trial of the combination of decitabine and carboplatin has shown promising results in treating late-stage ovarian cancer, with four patients experiencing no disease progression after six months. The treatment regimen has been found to be well-tolerated, with mild adverse reactions.
Researchers develop a new procedure for mass-producing graphene, a material that could revolutionize electronics devices. The process uses commercially available silicon carbide wafers to produce high-quality graphene with excellent electronic properties.
A UAB study confirms a significant link between depression and abdominal obesity, with individuals experiencing high levels of depression gaining weight at a faster rate. The study suggests treating depression is crucial to controlling obesity and preventing related diseases.
A recent study found that objective total sleep time measured by actigraphy is more strongly associated with self-reported relationship satisfaction among first-time parents than subjective sleep quality. The study also revealed that mothers and fathers have different perceptions of each other's sleep, highlighting the importance of ad...
Primary care physicians should address driving distractions as a preventive care measure, considering the risks equivalent to drunk driving. Studies show that talking on phones or texting increases collision risk by four and 23 times, respectively.
A study suggests sleep may restore color perception to achromatic equilibrium, allowing for accurate classification of gray as neutral. Wakefulness causes a drift in color perception, which is corrected by overnight sleep.
A Stanford University survey reveals that three out of four Americans believe the Earth is warming due to human activity and support government regulations to address climate change. The survey also shows a small decline in skeptics, with those who distrust scientists being less aware of recent temperature fluctuations.
A new cognitive-behavioral, skills-based treatment intervention program has been developed to help adolescents with bowel diseases cope with their condition. The program aims to reduce physical symptoms and increase adaptive coping strategies, with significant improvements seen in the participants, including parents.
Researchers found rare genetic changes called copy number variants (CNVs) in nearly 2,300 people, which could account for up to 3.3% of autism cases. The study identified three new genes and pathways contributing to autism susceptibility.
Research suggests that abnormalities in blood clot formation contribute to AD pathogenesis. A new therapeutic strategy aims to slow cognitive decline by targeting altered blood clotting caused by amyloid peptide.
A controlled trial suggests that a combination of band ligation and nadolol may not be the most effective prophylaxis for first variceal bleeding. Beta blockers are generally considered the treatment of choice for prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding.
The INTERNET project seeks to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions from ICT networks. Leading research in optical networks, optimization protocols, and data communications will help establish new techniques for enhanced performance and sustainable growth.
Researchers have successfully tested a plastic antibody that mimics natural antibodies in the bloodstream of living mice, demonstrating its ability to recognize and fight infectious substances. The breakthrough could lead to medical applications for custom-tailored nanoparticles to combat various antigens.
A team of UMCES scientists will study the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on plankton and fish communities in the northern Gulf. They aim to shed light on the environmental consequences by comparing data from previous research cruises.
Researchers found that gamma interferon prompts the activation of hematopoietic stem cells, which produce immune system cells to combat infections. Chronic infections like tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS may lead to bone marrow exhaustion due to sustained activity by these stem cells.
Researchers found that flaws in magnetic nanowire structure impact device operating speed. Disorder in the wire enables domain walls to move faster, affecting future experiment interpretation.
The Australian government is funding a project to develop renewable energy technologies for the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory and the Pawsey High-Performance Computing Centre. The Sustainable Energy for SKA facility will support solar and photovoltaic technology and direct heat geothermal demonstrator to cool supercomputers.
Scientists have developed a faster technique for testing soils around oil spills, allowing for on-site analysis of petroleum contaminants in moist soil samples. The new method uses visible near infrared light with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to rapidly evaluate soils for oil contamination.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that ghrelin, a hunger-signaling hormone, regulates cholesterol levels in the brain. Increased ghrelin levels caused mice to develop higher blood-circulating cholesterol, suggesting a potential 'remote control' mechanism.
A new experimental drug targeting the Hedgehog pathway has shown early signs of efficacy in pediatric brain tumor patients, with some still on treatment a year after diagnosis. The study's findings have given the green light for larger Phase II studies to advance targeted therapies against medulloblastomas.
A new treatment regimen combining bevacizumab with standard chemotherapy significantly extends progression-free survival for women with advanced ovarian cancer, reducing disease worsening to 14.1 months compared to 10.3 months. The trial results also point to the possibility of more personalized and effective treatment in the future.
Brown University researchers have gained new insights into graphene defects through molecular dynamic simulations. They found that oxygen atoms forming double bonds with carbon create irregular holes in the lattice. The team proposes adding hydrogen to remove impurities and heal the holes.
Chester A. Mathis receives SNM's 2010 Aebersold Award for his groundbreaking work on early detection in Alzheimer's disease using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging techniques. This recognition acknowledges the significant contributions of Dr. Mathis to advancing molecular imaging and nuclear medicine.
Bengt Roland Långström, a professor at Uppsala University in Sweden, has been recognized for his work in nuclear medicine. He is being honored with the Georg Charles de Hevesy Nuclear Pioneer Award for his over 20 years of experience in synthesizing and applying radiolabeled tracers for PET.
Researchers found that viruses invading the human genome millions of years ago have changed gene regulation in human embryonic stem cells. The discovery provides definitive proof of a theory proposed by Barbara McClintock and has significant implications for regenerative medicine.
Researchers have discovered variations in 10 genes associated with immune response in people with vitiligo, pointing to multiple cellular pathways contributing to the disease. The findings offer potential starting points for developing therapies tailored to individual genetic susceptibilities.
Researchers found that patients with obstructive sleep apnea who responded to mandibular advancement splint treatment had a larger tongue volume for their oral cavity size, suggesting this ratio as a predictor of response. The study included 49 patients and assessed the association between anatomical factors and treatment outcome.
A new study found that pediatric patients are at high risk for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD), with 18% of children in the study at-risk. The study did not find any associations between demographic or craniofacial characteristics and SRBD risk, making detection difficult.
A study by OHSU Emergency Department found that Oregon's law prohibiting the sale of pseudoephedrine products led to a significant decrease in methamphetamine-related emergency room visits. The number of such visits dropped by 35% over a one-year period, from an average of 18 per week to 11.3.
A study found that oral appliance therapy remained effective in reducing sleep apnea symptoms, with significant improvements in respiratory disturbance index, daytime sleepiness, fatigue severity, and quality of life. Patients showed high compliance with wearing their appliances at night.
A phase III clinical trial found that ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody, significantly extended the lives of patients with metastatic melanoma. The therapy showed a 67% increase in survival time compared to those receiving gp100 alone, demonstrating its promise as an alternative treatment for cancer patients.
Researchers found that adding sorafenib to chemotherapy regimens does not improve patient survival in advanced melanoma patients. The study, sponsored by ECOG, enrolled 823 patients and did not confirm promising results from previous phase II studies.
The TARGIT-A trial found that targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT) is non-inferior to whole breast external beam radiotherapy in reducing local recurrences. Patients who underwent TARGIT had similar recurrence rates to those receiving conventional radiotherapy, with lower rates of radiotherapy toxicity.
A new study suggests that nasendoscopy can help dentists predict which sleep apnea patients are most likely to benefit from oral appliance therapy. The procedure involves examining the velopharynx and oro-/hypopharynx, and results show that patients who exhibit this widening respond more effectively to treatment.
The study enrolled 237 patients with recurrent GBM and found that NovoTTF was as effective as the best available chemotherapies without the toxicity. Patients treated with NovoTTF lived longer and experienced fewer infections compared to chemotherapy.
A decade-long Phase III clinical trial found that selenium has no benefit in reducing the risk of developing lung cancer, either a recurrence or second primary malignancy. The study involved 1,522 Stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients and showed that selenium had minimal side effects but failed to demonstrate any protective effect.
Two new CML treatments, nilotinib and dasatinib, demonstrate improved efficacy over existing medications in treating drug-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia. Clinical trials showed significant increases in complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response rates compared to standard treatment.
A new study reveals that female jumping spiders fight with different rules than males, skipping preliminaries and engaging in all-out battles. The researchers found that the motivation behind a female's fighting behavior is her proximity to reproductive age and desire to protect her nest.
Researchers evaluated two pediatric SDB questionnaires in children undergoing orthodontic treatment, finding that 20% of subjects reported snoring and suggesting that family dentists may use simple questionnaires to identify preliminary risks of sleep-disordered breathing. Craniofacial abnormalities are a common cause of SDB in children.
A Phase III clinical study found that dasatanib provides quicker responses and better outcomes compared to imatinib for newly diagnosed CML patients. The study reported higher rates of confirmed complete cytogenic response and major molecular response in the dasatanib arm.
A man and his two Great Pyrenees embark on a 2,000-mile walk to raise awareness about cancer in dogs while collecting DNA samples for a new $5.3 million canine cancer project. The TGen-VARI program aims to discover the causes of cancer in dogs and potentially translate findings to humans.
A survey of 58 US dental schools found that students spend an average of just 2.9 hours studying sleep disorders, despite a growing epidemic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affecting 18 million Americans.
A new chemotherapy delivery method has shown promising results in treating advanced melanoma patients with liver metastasis. The phase III trial demonstrated a significant increase in progression-free survival rates and controlled tumors in the liver.
A six-week hip strengthening regimen significantly reduced patellofemoral pain (PFP) in female runners, with most participants experiencing no pain. The study suggests that stronger hips can correct running form errors contributing to PFP.
Tropical Cyclone Phet weakened after making landfall in Oman and is now headed towards a second landfall in Pakistan. The storm's maximum sustained winds decreased to 65 knots (74 mph), down from its previous Category Four strength.
Researchers found that high interleukin-10 levels in tumor cells are associated with worse prognosis after autologous melanoma cell vaccine treatment. High IL-10 levels can downregulate the immune response, decreasing the effectiveness of the vaccine.
A recent study by Michigan physicians found that specialized eyeglass lenses containing prisms can alleviate or eliminate post-concussive symptoms in patients with traumatic brain injury. The treatment targets vertical heterophoria, a binocular vision condition causing headaches, dizziness, anxiety, and other symptoms.