A new study finds that nearly 60% of chest pain patients without prior heart disease have no significant coronary artery disease, highlighting the need for improved identification methods. The study suggests re-evaluating patient selection processes, including history taking and risk factor assessment.
A galaxy study confirms the validity of general relativity on a cosmic scale, with the existence of dark matter as the most likely explanation for observed phenomena. The study rules out alternative theories of gravity, including tensor-vector-scalar gravity and f(R), which fail to predict the observed galaxy clustering and distortion.
A team of physicists at the University of Innsbruck successfully demonstrates a quantum walk in trapped ions, with up to 23 steps. This process differs from classical random walks, allowing quantum particles to spread faster and potentially aiding in understanding natural phenomena like energy transport in plants.
Louis J. Soslowsky, a renowned orthopaedic surgeon and bioengineer, has been awarded the AAOS Kappa Delta Ann Doner Vaughan Award for his groundbreaking research on rotator cuff injuries. His studies using rat models have provided valuable insights into the etiology, pathogenesis, and repair response of these injuries.
University of Alabama scientists find that ampicillin enhances the normal function of torsinA protein in cells affected by dystonia and Parkinson's disease. The drug restored normal movement to mice and improved cellular protection against stress, leading to potential new treatments for these debilitating conditions.
A University of Minnesota study found that students' perceptions of the Earth's age significantly impact their acceptance of human evolution. The research suggests that educators can use this knowledge to improve education about evolution by targeting the concept of deep time.
Researchers found that microRNA-31 regulates the protein IFITM-1, which contributes to chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Identifying this microRNA could lead to a therapeutic target for overcoming chemotherapy resistance.
A rare tropical cyclone system formed off Brazil's coast, exhibiting tropical storm-force winds before weakening and moving away from the area. The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite captured images of the system, which is now expected to be absorbed by a mid-latitude cold front in the next couple of days
A team of researchers has developed a way to get modern, multiple-processor computers to behave in predictable ways by automatically parceling sets of commands. This allows well-behaved programs to run faster than on single processors, while also reducing errors and improving overall system reliability.
A three-and-a-half-year study will enroll 400 patients to assess the safety of brain cooling in elderly stroke patients. The ICTuS 2 trial will use endovascular temperature modulation system and aims to improve outcomes after acute stroke.
A new study suggests that elective removal of ovaries during hysterectomy may not be beneficial and could even increase the risk of other health problems. The study analyzed data from over 300,000 women who underwent the procedure, finding a link between oophorectomy and increased risks of coronary artery disease and hip fractures.
A study presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting found correlations between maternal and infant cobalt and chromium levels in patients with metal-on-metal hip implants. Elevated ion levels were detected in infants, suggesting the placenta modulates metal ion transfer to the fetus.
Researchers at the US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) have discovered how the yellow-fever-transmitting Aedes aegypti mosquito detects the specific chemical structure of octenol, a compound emitted by mammals. The study shows that mosquitoes tap into the 'handedness' of molecules to detect this compound.
A clinical trial in rural Canadian communities found that immunizing children against seasonal influenza significantly protects unvaccinated individuals via herd immunity. The study, conducted among Hutterite youth aged 36 months to 15 years, showed a 61% effective rate of indirect protection.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research found that obesity is a significant risk factor for poorer overall survival and death in patients with stage II or III colon cancer. Men with higher body mass indexes had a 35% increased risk of death compared to normal-weight patients.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to study the spread and diet of insect pests in Papua New Guinea. The study found that migratory patterns and caterpillar diets are very dynamic, with species showing surprising adaptability across vast distances.
Bruce Bukiet's mathematical model predicts the top-performing teams in Major League Baseball for the 2010 season. His predictions focus on the power and relevance of math, demonstrating how it applies to baseball, and are based on a more realistic runner advancement model.
The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) has selected Meredith Niles, Ryan Richards, and Leslie Smith to receive the 2010 AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leadership Award. The awardees will meet with their Congressional delegations and attend a briefing on the federal budget for scientific research.
The alpine marmot's expansion into the Catalan Pyrenees is a result of its adaptability to warmer temperatures. The species can occupy abandoned fields at lower altitudes, influencing local biodiversity and potentially threatening native species such as ptarmigan.
Researchers from Germany have developed a way to encode wireless broadband signals using desk lamps, exploiting synergy between illumination and information. The system uses visible-frequency wireless with all the bandwidth one could want, achieving record speeds of up to 230 Mbit/s with commercial LEDs.
Dr. Alexander Varshavsky, a pioneer in ubiquitin research, receives the Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science for elucidating the process of regulated protein degradation. Dr. Harmit Malik, a young researcher, wins the Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise for his innovative approach to genetic conflict and its implications for human diseases.
A mathematical model predicts complex signaling patterns in fruit fly embryos, shedding light on stem cell differentiation and potential applications in tissue engineering. The study aims to better understand how to control similar cells in a laboratory setting.
Springer has partnered with the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine (KSNM) to publish the journal Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. The journal will be available in both print and electronic formats, providing a platform for high-quality research and discussion on nuclear medicine and related sciences.
Scientists have successfully grown and loaded empty nano containers with useful chemicals from a plant virus, opening up new areas of research in targeted drug delivery. The technology has potential applications in cancer treatment, delivering drugs directly to diseased cells while sparing healthy ones.
The HM Cancri binary system consists of two white dwarfs with an orbital period of 5.4 minutes, making it the smallest and closest to Earth. Mass is flowing from one star to another, and this system has the potential to emit gravitational waves.
A large-scale US study found that live kidney donors have similar long-term survival rates as healthy individuals, contradicting previous concerns about increased mortality. The study, which analyzed over 80,000 donations, suggests that living kidney donation is a safe and reasonable option for addressing the organ shortage.
A study by Purdue University found that while federal funding for health departments has surged, its impact on local resources is limited. Leadership and director qualifications play a crucial role in supporting programs and activities.
Researchers at the University of Florida have found that papaya extract thwarts the growth of cancer cells in lab tests, boosting the production of key signaling molecules and suggesting possible therapeutic strategies. The extract did not show toxic effects on normal cells, consistent with reports from indigenous populations.
A new study from the University of Toronto found that most Americans believe God is directly involved in their personal affairs, with 82% relying on God for help and guidance. Higher education and income levels are associated with lower beliefs in divine intervention, but surprisingly, more religiously active individuals in these group...
The CSIC's project analyzes the makeshift altars created after the Madrid bombings, revealing their performative nature as a form of political participation. The investigation highlights the importance of collective trauma, mourning, and social action in response to collective events.
A recent study found that stormwater runoff is the primary source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants in the New York/New Jersey Harbor. The study estimated that stormwater runoff contributes about half of the total PAH load to the harbor. The researchers also identified gaps in data, particularly for stormwater runoff ...
Researchers decoded Orangutan long calls, discovering they convey individual identity and context. Females can distinguish between spontaneous and aroused calls, reacting differently to each. Long calls may serve to repel rivals or predators, a key finding that sheds light on Orangutan communication.
A new study finds that cancer death rates have decreased significantly since the initiation of the 'war on cancer', resulting in a decline of 21% in men and 12% in women. For individuals under 75, this drop translates to approximately 2 million years of potential life gained.
A study published by University of Chicago researchers found that men can expect another 15 years of sexual activity at age 55, while women expect less than 11 years. The study also introduced a new health measure, 'sexually active life expectancy,' which was lower for both men and women.
A randomized trial found that massage eased anxiety symptoms, similar to psychotherapy or medications, but not more effective than simple relaxation. The benefits of massage may be due to a generalized relaxation response.
This study sequenced and assembled nine BACs of giant panda, filling gaps in genomic knowledge and challenging the perception that it's a species at an evolutionary dead end. The data suggests that conservation strategies should focus on restoring wild habitats and maintaining regional genetic diversity.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital conducted a study showing that skin transplant surgery is safe and effective in treating vitiligo. The treated area regained an average of 52% of its natural skin color, with some patients experiencing up to 74% regrowth.
A new questionnaire and outcomes measurement scale, CUXOS, has been developed to measure anxiety outcomes reliably. The scale is brief, easy to score, and correlates highly with clinician severity ratings.
A recent study found that vaccinating children with inactivated influenza vaccine can reduce rates of influenza in their community, offering protection to unimmunized residents. The study suggests that selective vaccination among school-aged children may be an effective strategy for interrupting community-wide transmission of the virus.
Subhash Khot, a NYU Courant professor, has received the NSF's Waterman Award for his work on computational complexity and its significance in computer security. He is recognized for his groundbreaking research on the Unique Games Problem, which sheds light on computationally intractable problems with far-reaching consequences.
A hospitalist at the University of Rochester Medical Center, Dr. Alec B. O'Connor, is calling for more rigorous standards for drugs up for FDA approval. He argues that current guidelines do not require studies comparing a new drug's effectiveness and safety to an established first-line drug.
The study found that students using their own laptops in a wireless classroom setting were more focused and took their work with them outside the class. Researchers plan to increase the number of classrooms with similar capabilities in the near future.
A study published in Nature Methods found that introducing as few as two controlled environmental variables to preclinical mice tests can significantly reduce costly false positives and the number of animals needed for testing. This approach challenges traditional standardization efforts in animal testing.
A national study suggests that pediatric residents and all physicians need individualized learning plans to keep pace with emerging health-care advances. The study found that tracking progress toward achieving learning goals is crucial, and faculty mentors can help residents develop effective plans.
Researchers have detected a novel oncolytic viral therapy against prostate cancer using the reovirus, showing safety and efficacy in early-stage patients. The study found that the virus induced cancer cell death without replicating in normal tissues, with minimal toxicity reported.
A genetic variant identified by researchers at the University of Cincinnati significantly increases lung cancer risk for individuals who smoke lightly, even if they are not heavy smokers. Family members with this genetic variant should be monitored for early detection, regardless of their smoking habits.
Researchers discovered Sonic hedgehog gene presence in ectoderm of mice limb buds, indicating a new role in digit formation and possible implications for human birth defects. Disrupting this signaling led to extra digits forming.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that immigrants with disabilities were more likely to be employed than US-born individuals with disabilities. The median income for foreign-born persons with disabilities was $20,000, compared to $22,000 for U.S.-born individuals.
Men who engage in domestic violence overestimated the prevalence of abuse by two to three times, with a higher rate engaging in abusive behavior if they believed it was more common. Researchers suggest that misperceptions about violence may drive this overestimation.
A study by researchers at Rush University Medical Center found elevated levels of cobalt and chromium in the offspring of mothers with metal-on-metal hip implants. The levels were significantly higher than those in a control group, suggesting that metal ions can be transferred from mother to fetus.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology discovered that desert ants can locate odour sources in a map-like manner and use this information for navigation. The ants need both antennae to smell the scenery in stereo, enabling precise location of their nests after foraging for food.
Researchers found a six-step psycho-educational and cognitive-behavioral treatment approach to boost women's sexual desire by nearly 30%, without adverse side effects. The treatment addresses relationship issues, body image concerns, and lifestyle stressors.
A recent study found that children with severe behavior disturbances had approximately double the risk of chronic widespread pain by age 45 compared to those without behavioral problems. The researchers believe a dysfunction in the interaction between the nervous system and hormones may have long-term consequences for adult health.
A study by the University of Huelva found that lack of reconciling work and family life policies and a male-oriented school culture hinder female teachers' access to management roles. The research highlights the need for specific training and support for women in leadership positions.
The Positive Prevention Toolkit aims to enable HIV/AIDS caregivers to provide prevention messages when interacting with HIV-positive patients. The toolkit consists of seven sections, including training skills, curricula, and practical resources.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that starting metformin treatment within three months of diabetes diagnosis significantly increases its effectiveness. This is the first real-world comparison of metformin failure rates and has important implications for newly diagnosed patients worldwide.
Comparative effectiveness studies rarely examine the effects of nonpharmacologic interventions, cost-effectiveness, or safety. Most studies (87%) were funded by noncommercial entities, but only 10 included non-pharmacologic therapies in medication comparisons. Increased funding is necessary to support these studies.
Researchers have discovered that hepatitis C causes high insulin resistance primarily in muscles, not livers. This finding may lead to better management and prevention of diabetes among those with Hepatitis C, particularly for those at genetic risk.
A landmark study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that live kidney donors suffer few ill effects from the procedure and are likely to live as long as those with both kidneys. The study analyzed data from over 80,000 live kidney donors in the United States.
Researcher Dolores Takemoto found a correlation between protein Coonexin46 and hypoxia, leading to potential treatments for retinoblastoma and breast cancer. Her study suggests that siRNA medication could prevent tumor growth by suppressing Cx46.