The Planning and Noise Section of Denver International Airport has been honored with the Jay Hollingsworth Speas Airport Award for its exceptional efforts to mitigate noise around the airport. The section's director, Frederick R. Busch, will accept the award at an awards luncheon on February 25.
Researchers have created a method to convert non-food biomass into sugar, which is then fermented into ethanol. This approach produces significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than traditional corn-based ethanol, offering a promising alternative for cleaner fuel production.
The 2009 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge honored artists who use visual media to promote scientific research, highlighting complex concepts like sustainability, branching morphogenesis, and human mobility. The challenge encouraged effective communication and creativity in presenting scientific findings.
The University of California, Berkeley team's paper published in Science won the 2009 Newcomb Cleveland Prize for outstanding contributions to the field. The award recognizes the first visible-light picture of an extrasolar planet and its potential to change our view of how planets originate.
New research from UNC suggests that acetylation of metabolic enzymes plays a key role in regulating cellular metabolism. The study identified approximately 1,000 new proteins with acetyl groups, expanding the previously recognized repertoire of 50, and found that altering metabolic fuels can alter acetylation levels.
A new study found that women with low sexual desire experience personal and emotional distress, including negative emotions like dissatisfaction and guilt. The study identified 5,098 women with low sexual desire, who reported significant correlations between their level of desire and associated distress.
Researchers at UF's College of Veterinary Medicine have discovered that dolphins can harbor multiple infections of apillomaviruses, which are linked to cervical cancer in humans. The study suggests that dolphins may be an ideal model for studying human cervical cancer due to their genetic similarity to humans.
A University of Michigan study found that untreated visual disorders in the elderly are significantly more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. Early treatment of these problems may delay the onset of dementia, but many elderly individuals lack adequate vision coverage.
Witnessing employee incivility can induce consumer anger and lead to negative inferences about a company. The study found that even cases of employees helping customers were affected by the negative response.
Scientists have developed a simple and cheap way to make vaccines stable at tropical temperatures, eliminating the need for refrigeration. The method involves mixing vaccines with sugars and drying them on membranes, preserving the active part of the vaccine and allowing it to be shipped at normal temperatures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a key protein, TRPV2, that plays a crucial role in helping macrophages capture and destroy germs. The protein helps macrophages bind to bacteria more effectively, which enables the immune system to clear infections more efficiently.
Researchers found that gamma rays originate closer to one light year from black holes than expected, and the jet curves as it travels away from the black hole. This new understanding of blazar jets requires a rethinking of their structure and poses challenges for theorists trying to construct such jets.
A study found that shoppers often expect to buy unplanned items and have a mental budget that leaves room for unexpected expenses. The researchers discovered that consumers with high impulsivity tend to overspend when they shop in aisles with little in-store slack.
The Cree people's centuries-old method of rotating hunting territories and killing only adult animals ensured stable moose populations. Modern authorities' reliance on aerial surveys and statistics led to a severe decline in Zone 17's population, but the traditional approach was initially disregarded.
The program, launched in a year ago, provides weekly seminars on topics such as creating a good syllabus, working with students who have disabilities, and dealing with academic dishonesty. Graduate student Sarah Eddy credits the program for her win of the 2009 OSU Frolander Outstanding GTA award.
The initiative, modeled after Harlem Children's Zone, combines public charter schools and community services to help disadvantaged individuals gain financial security. Recent research suggests that similar results can be achieved independent of community investments, but additional evidence is needed to measure long-term impacts.
Scientists have discovered a new type of genetic variation that suggests natural selection can act on gene networks, maintaining alternative states within a single species. This finding may be crucial for understanding how pathogens adapt to new stresses and could provide significant advantages in the battle against diseases.
A study conducted in six countries showed that training birth attendants in newborn care and resuscitation significantly increases a baby's survival rate. The intervention resulted in a 30% reduction in stillbirths and a 15% decrease in perinatal mortality, potentially saving hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide each year.
A major new study published in the European Heart Journal found that people who are usually happy and content have a lower risk of heart disease than those who tend to be unhappy. The study suggests that increasing positive emotions may help prevent heart disease, but more clinical trials are needed.
A large-scale study reveals over 100 genomic sites with missing or duplicated DNA in tumors, uncovering novel cancer genes and genetic abnormalities shared across multiple cancers. The study highlights the importance of common genomic alterations in driving cancer growth.
A signaling protein, GM-CSF, plays a vital role in fighting bacterial infections and inflammation in the intestinal tract. Its deficiency is linked to increased susceptibility to persistent gut infection, severe inflammation, and disease duration.
A new study suggests that clinically-based smoking cessation programs may not be enough to help Latino smokers with asthmatic children kick the habit. Researchers found that a culturally-tailored intervention providing feedback on secondhand smoke exposure was more effective in helping these parents quit smoking.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have made the closest look yet at kinesin protein's structural changes as it ferries molecules within cells. The high-resolution snapshots show kinesin moving up and down like a seesaw, propelled by an energy-giving compound called ATP.
The study examines the effects of geopolitical change on scientific production over the last 30 years. Asia's share of world scientific output grew by 155% and China has shown spectacular progress, catching up with the US in natural sciences and engineering by 2015.
The Dartmouth Atlas hospital ratings are being used by policy makers despite their limitations, which fail to account for differences in patient types and outcomes. This could lead hospitals to prioritize conforming to the rating system over improving care quality.
A new assay developed by USDA researchers can safely and reliably mark termites and other insects over vast acreage, allowing for their movements to be tracked. The method uses egg white, cow milk or soy milk proteins and has been shown to be effective in tracking the desert subterranean termite.
A clinical trial is underway to test the effectiveness of a miniature ultrasound device in reducing joint pain in osteoarthritis patients. The device, created by Cornell University graduate student George K. Lewis, sends ultrasound waves deep into muscles via a coin-sized pad and has shown promise in improving mobility and reducing pain.
A study found that consumers who believe in karma have higher expectations and a long-term orientation, decreasing the importance of momentary happiness. In India, 64% believed in karma compared to 10.5% in China.
Researchers track changes to individual dendritic spines in juvenile male songbirds' brains as they learn from adult tutors. The study finds that hearing a tutor song rapidly stabilizes previously dynamic synapses, providing a foundation for learning new behaviors.
A study of 136,474 participants found that regular ibuprofen users were 40% less likely to develop Parkinson's disease. Higher doses of ibuprofen also showed a reduced risk of developing the disease.
Researchers measure permafrost retreat with natural hummocks called 'palsas.' The James Bay region's permafrost has retreated 130 km north in 50 years due to climate change. Pallas will disappear if warming trend continues.
Research reveals that flu-induced stress response is critical for resistance to secondary infection, involving increased production of glucocorticoids to control inflammation. The study found that mice without GCs were better able to suppress secondary bacterial infections, but lacking GCs led to a lethal excessive inflammatory response.
Scientists at Oxford University have developed a new method to make vaccines stable at tropical temperatures using Nova Bio-Pharma Technologies' patented HydRIS system. This technology has the potential to revolutionize vaccination efforts, particularly in the developing world where infectious diseases kill millions of people every year.
A UAB-led study found that training birth attendants in essential newborn-care techniques reduced stillbirths by over 30% globally. The train-the-trainer program improved perinatal mortality rates, particularly among low-cost interventions such as neonatal resuscitation and kangaroo care.
ATM senses DNA damage, ordering repairs or cell death, while also responding to oxidative harm outside the nucleus. This discovery reveals a potential way to activate tumor-suppressors without damaging DNA.
A new experiment using an atom interferometer has confirmed Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity by measuring the gravitational redshift with unprecedented precision. The result shows that gravity changes the flow of time, a concept fundamental to the theory, and demonstrates the accuracy of Einstein's predictions.
Canadian researchers review 16 studies to find telenurses struggle with balancing medical advice and limited service gatekeeping. Key findings include the need for specific training in telephone consultation skills and addressing job demands such as heavy workloads and stress.
A basic three-day newborn care training regimen reduced the rate of stillbirths by 23% to 15.9 per 1,000 deliveries, with improved outcomes among births attended by midwives and traditional birth attendants. The study, funded by NIH and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, tracked over 120,000 births in six developing countries.
A Pitt-led study examining 348 burial urns reveals that around a fifth of the children were prenatal at death, contradicting claims of systematic infant sacrifice. The research suggests young Carthaginian children were cremated and interred in ceremonial urns regardless of cause of death.
Researchers found that fat garden warblers, like those studied in Italy, take significantly shorter breaks during migration. They typically move on by nightfall, while thin birds wait for nearly two days to replenish their fat reserves. This study highlights the importance of ecologically-intact resting grounds for migratory birds.
A team of researchers led by Bruce Macintosh has won the AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize for their groundbreaking discovery of multiple planets orbiting a distant star. The study, published in Science, provides new insights into the detection and characterization of exoplanets.
A Purdue University researcher projects that Midwestern states like Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Michigan will face more winter and spring flooding, as well as dry summer and fall seasons, if average temperatures rise by 2070. The study suggests a 28% increase in precipitation in these states during the same period.
A team of scientists has sequenced human genomes from Southern African Bushmen and Bantu individuals to better understand human genetic variation. The study identified 1.3-million genetic variants, showcasing the distinct genetics of Southern Africans compared to other populations.
A national study spanning 120 years found that vigorous two-party competition provides the best guarantee for meaningful governance, while modest salaries for lawmakers add a second protection against narrow-interest legislation. The research examined 13 states and found that larger party control leads to more parochial legislation.
The ACCOMPLISH study shows that initial treatment with benazepril plus amlodipine reduces CKD progression more effectively than benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide. This benefit was seen in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events.
Researchers found that random fluctuations in gene expression can cause some individuals to express a trait even if they have the mutated gene. This phenomenon is controlled by specific fluctuations in mRNA production and appears to be influenced by environmental factors.
Researchers found that different positive emotions, such as pride and contentment, have distinct effects on product desire, with some making certain products less appealing.
A study found that consumers hold stereotypes about non-profit and for-profit organizations, predicting purchase behaviors such as website visits and product buying. Non-profits are viewed as warmer but less competent than for-profits, leading to lower purchasing intent.
Head injuries are a common cause of hospital admissions and death in skiing and snowboarding, with 120,000 people in North America affected annually. Helmets can reduce the risk by up to 60%, according to research. Doctors recommend integrating helmets into ski culture through public awareness campaigns and role modeling.
A new study suggests that transracial adopted children of mixed race need early and ongoing experiences within their origin's cultural communities to build healthy cultural identities. The research emphasizes the importance of culturally grounded relationships over cultural artifacts in identity development.
The February issue of Lithosphere highlights the evolution of the northwestern Red Sea, with two main tectonic events contributing to its formation. The study also explores the Fish Lake Valley fault in eastern California and the incision of major rivers into the Tibetan Plateau's bedrock.
The American Lymphedema Framework Project establishes a standard of care for breast cancer survivors with lymphedema, providing evidence-based treatment guidelines. Complete decongestive physiotherapy and compression garments are found to be effective methods in reducing swelling.
The ATS and ERS have issued guidelines for quantitatively assessing lung structure using advanced imaging techniques. These guidelines promote the accuracy and comparability of studies, facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that obesity in all forms increases the risk of developing kidney stones. The researchers found that obese individuals had a higher incidence of kidney stones compared to non-obese individuals, with no difference in risk between mild and severe obesity.
Researchers found that sorafenib therapy can reduce large kidney tumors by up to 40% prior to surgery, making patient recovery less challenging. The study's results suggest a promising new treatment option for patients with advanced kidney cancer.
Researchers suggest a 400km-deep density trap formed due to unique geophysical conditions 3.5 billion years ago, trapping gases like helium and argon inside the planet.
Researchers found that frying meat on a gas hob produces higher levels of potentially harmful polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mutagenic aldehydes, and particulate matter compared to electric hobs. Cooking fumes from vegetable oils and lard also contain fine and ultrafine particles.
A new institute will focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving combustion efficiency in marine diesel engines, which emit significant pollutants. The research aims to produce lab-scale prototype technology that can be scaled up for testing in full-size engines.
Researchers found that ALDH-positive tumor cells have a worse prognosis and are more likely to proliferate and invade compared to ALDH-negative cells. ALDH-positive cells were detected in 90% of primary surgical specimens and were associated with shorter overall survival.
A study by researchers at the University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Institute supports the use of Keppra as an alternative to Dilantin for preventing seizures in patients after a brain injury. Patients treated with Keppra had fewer side effects and better long-term outcomes compared to those receiving Dilantin.