A new study reveals that genital herpes virus type 2 (HSV-2) frequently reactsivate in the entire genital tract, rather than just one specific area. This finding has important implications for treatment and prevention strategies, suggesting a need for comprehensive approaches to suppress and limit transmission.
Researchers found no increased mortality risk among trauma patients presenting on nights and weekends, unlike other critically ill patients. Trauma centers' 24/7 staffing ensures consistent care regardless of time of presentation.
Researchers have discovered that environmental cues can lead to breast cancer, while Wnt signaling plays a key role in a rare skin disease. Additionally, chronic morphine use has been found to delay wound healing due to immunosuppression and impaired immune cell recruitment.
A new study found that using procalcitonin levels to prescribe antibiotics in intensive care units can reduce antibiotic exposure while maintaining patient safety. The study showed a significant reduction in antibiotic-free days among patients treated with procalcitonin.
The Comprehensive Center of Excellence in Disparities Research and Community Engagement (CEDREC) will engage in collaborative research and outreach programs aimed at addressing health disparities. CEDREC will focus on improving the health of medically underserved African-Americans in Central Harlem and the South Bronx, where one in thr...
The TRMM satellite provided a three-dimensional view of tropical cyclone Magda, showing its eye and powerful thunderstorms. The data revealed hurricane-force winds and intense rainfall rates over 50mm per hour.
Scientists have successfully imaged vesicles and filaments involved in neuronal communication, revealing crucial role of filamentous structures in regulating neurotransmitter release. The 3D images were obtained using electron cryotomography, a novel method that rapidly freezes cells while preserving biological structures.
The report highlights the need to increase support for Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, raise tobacco taxes, and provide comprehensive treatment for tobacco dependence. Decreasing tobacco advertising, promoting health warnings, and regulating products are also key recommendations to reduce tobacco use.
A study published in the Journal of Vision found that outfielders catch fly balls by tracking optical acceleration, rather than predicting the ball's trajectory. The research used a virtual environment to test three major theories of fly catching, and confirmed that baseball players continuously track the ball and run forward or backwa...
A recent study found that individuals with ECGs prior to hospital arrival experienced significantly reduced door-to-balloon times. This advanced assessment allowed patients to bypass ER and receive reperfusion treatment in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, resulting in lower mortality rates.
A study by University of Aberdeen researchers found that mentally traveling through time can physically move us. Engaging in chronesthesia, or mental time travel, resulted in movements corresponding to the metaphorical direction of time.
A Notre Dame study highlights the role of dynamic motion by proteins involved in the body's immune response. The research found that different antigens produce distinct motions, complicating but also simplifying recognition by T-cell receptors.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne discovered a type of cell that causes T cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in children. Targeting these cells could reduce treatment length and toxicity, leading to better patient outcomes.
The BC Centre for Disease Control has launched a genomic surveillance project to study the evolution of the pandemic H1N1 flu virus in British Columbia. Researchers will compare the genetic sequences of BC's influenza viruses with those from other regions to understand how mass gatherings like the Olympics impact the virus' evolution.
A study led by NYSCF Fellow Daylon James has generated a human embryonic stem cell line to measure and boost endothelial cell production, establishing a standard methodology for producing functional endothelial cells from hESCs. The cells can now be used for pre-clinical assessment of vascular disease in large animal models.
Tropical Storm Magda is expected to bring gusty winds of up to 93 mph and heavy rainfall to coastal areas in North Western Australia. The storm's center is predicted to make landfall on January 22, with the potential for flooding in low-lying areas.
A study published in BMC Ecology found that rescued chimpanzees in Cameroon are from the same region, suggesting local trade is a significant issue. The research also revealed that protected areas are being targeted for poaching, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect endangered subspecies.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that a simple educational intervention and routing patients to V/Q scanning or CTPA based on chest X-ray results significantly reduced CT scan usage and radiation exposure. The medical center saw a 20% reduction in radiation dose from 8.0 mSv to 6.4 mSv.
Researchers found that handheld devices like PDAs and iPod Touch can display medical images accurately, comparable to secondary monitors, with significant benefits for teleconsultation and emergency procedures.
Researchers from Singapore's A*STAR report a novel transcription factor, Nr5a2, can replace classical reprogramming factors to increase iPS cell efficiency. This breakthrough has significant implications for cell-therapy-based medicine and the creation of organs for replacement or transplantation.
A study by Pitt researchers reveals that organizing products tailored to customers' knowledge levels can improve consumers' learning and satisfaction. Highly knowledgeable consumers preferred novel product formats, while novice consumers benefited from familiar groupings.
Researchers discovered a noninvasive contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging technique that can aid in the detection of early-stage ovarian cancer when combined with proteomic blood analyses. This method has shown high accuracy and the potential to save lives by detecting disease at an early stage.
Researchers found striking relationships between language demographics and grammatical complexity. Languages with larger populations tend to have simpler pronoun and number systems. The study proposes the Linguistic Niche Hypothesis, where languages evolve within socio-demographic niches.
Researchers developed a new method to precisely track MRSA transmission in hospitals, enabling understanding of strain spread and leading to novel infection control strategies. The team used DNA sequencing technologies to compare individual isolates and identify genetic relatedness.
Scientists discovered that tobacco plants alter their flower opening time in response to insect herbivory, reducing scent emission and attracting hummingbirds as an alternative pollinator. This adaptation helps protect the plant from harm while still allowing for fertilization and reproduction.
Agricultural Research Service scientist Peggy Tomasula has written a chapter on using dairy ingredients to produce edible films and biodegradable packaging materials. The research focuses on improving the water-vapor barrier properties of dairy proteins, such as casein and whey.
Recent research on the Darfur conflict identifies diseases as the main cause of death, particularly diarrhoea, affecting displaced populations. Adequate humanitarian assistance is essential to prevent and treat these potentially fatal diseases.
Researchers found HIV reduces brain blood flow even among young patients, accelerating the aging process. Blood flow in HIV brains is comparable to that of uninfected individuals 15-20 years older.
A mussel-inspired sealant has been developed for repairing defects in human fetal membranes, showing promise as a biocompatible and effective solution. The sealant, inspired by the sticky properties of mussels, can seal tiny holes in the membrane without causing cell death.
Researchers developed a new technique to manage dams in the Columbia River basin for a warmer future climate. The approach reduced summer losses in hydropower due to climate change by about a quarter, while bolstering flows for fish and minimizing flooding.
The past year was tied for the second warmest since 1880, while January 2000 to December 2009 was the warmest decade on record. Global temperatures have increased by about 1.5 degrees F (0.8 degrees C) since 1880.
A study reveals that the absence of SIRT6 triggers a switch from cellular respiration to glycolysis, leading to increased glucose uptake and reduced mitochondrial energy production. This switch may contribute to tumor growth and provide new insights into treating type 2 diabetes.
A new five-year study will examine the connection between asthma symptoms, sleep quality, and academic performance in urban elementary school children aged 7-9. The researchers aim to understand how family and cultural risks contribute to these associations.
Researchers at University of Florida have developed a tiny new sensor that can detect glucose levels in the breath and pH levels, offering a potential solution for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment. The sensor is made from widely used technology already in cell phones and other devices, making it inexpensive to produce.
A new report from the Center for Services Leadership provides valuable insights on how top companies deliver exceptional customer service. Key findings include the importance of services in driving economies and the need for businesses to focus on creating and delivering customer-centric service solutions.
A groundbreaking study aims to quantify the carbon footprint of airport journeys and identify innovative ways to reduce emissions. The research, funded by EPSRC, will explore measures such as audio/video facilities, public transport hubs, and car-sharing services.
Researchers found that semi-arid forests can counteract global warming by absorbing and retaining heat, but this effect may be cancelled out by other processes. The 'air cooling' system in these forests efficiently reduces infrared radiation, leading to a net warming effect.
A study of college students found that wearing face masks and practicing hand hygiene reduced influenza-like symptoms by 35-51%. The use of hand sanitizer did not add significant benefit, suggesting that mask-wearing alone is enough to limit the spread of flu.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center used zebrafish to identify novel compounds that selectively target bone-related diseases and cancer. By leveraging the zebrafish model, they discovered potent BMP inhibitors with improved selectivity, bypassing off-target effects.
Dr. Kilduff recognized for his role in discovering the neuropeptide hypocretin and developing therapeutics for sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and insomnia. He has published over 200 research papers and received funding from government agencies and private foundations.
Research at the University of California, San Diego, reveals that obesity is a tumor-promoting factor for liver cancer, primarily through chronic inflammation caused by cytokines like IL-6 and TNF. This effect may be preventable with anti-TNF drugs, which also reduce liver fat accumulation.
Researchers found a solid statistical link between higher concentrations of PFOA in blood and thyroid disease in adults. Individuals with the highest PFOA concentrations were more than twice as likely to report current thyroid disease.
A new scientific paper provides strong evidence that humans caused the extinction of Australia's megafauna, rather than climate change. Direct dating methods show that humans and megafauna co-existed for a short time, supporting the argument that hunting led to their demise.
Scientists recreated conditions for layer-by-layer crystalline growth using micron-sized particles, discovering that random motion affects crystal growth. The study's findings may lead to better control over the growth of thin films used in electronic component manufacturing.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a novel mechanism that triggers brain damage during stroke, which they believe can be blocked using a high-potency reagent. This breakthrough may provide a new therapeutic target for stroke therapy, offering hope for patients affected by this devastating disease.
Researchers found Fusobacterium nucleatum in the lungs and stomach of a stillborn baby, linked to its mother's pregnancy-associated gum disease. The study suggests that oral bacteria can be transmitted from mother to fetus through the blood, emphasizing the importance of good oral health care during pregnancy.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that acute adverse reactions from gadolinium-based contrast agents used during MRI are rare, occurring in only 0.16 percent of all administrations. The majority of reactions were mild, while six moderate and two severe reactions were reported.
Biomedical scientists identify a way to block the 'cell death signal' that triggers brain damage during strokes. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic targets for stroke therapy and potentially improve treatments for other neurodegenerative diseases.
A new study published in the Journal of Marriage and Family examines the importance of fathers in child development, challenging the long-held assumption that children need both a mother and a father. The research found that children raised by same-sex parents do as well on average as those raised by opposite-sex parents.
Researchers have identified a new form of adult-onset muscular dystrophy caused by recessive ANO5 mutations, which lead to abnormal membrane repair of muscle fibers. This discovery may lead to better treatments for all muscular dystrophies where such abnormalities play a role.
Outfielders may not predict a ball's landing point based on its flight path, but instead track the ball's motion to catch it. The study found that outfielders adjust their movements depending on the ball's elevation angle and bearing.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have identified a new gene, DOR, that facilitates the formation of autophagosomes and plays a crucial role in the cellular recycling program. The study suggests potential avenues for developing new therapies for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases by modulating autophagy.
A study by NC State researchers found that a protein called TAB2 activates inflammation but also brings together molecules to turn it off. This finding challenges previous understanding of the protein's role in immune-system responses.
Researchers are exploring ways to increase iron and zinc quantities in white flour using high-intensity x-rays. This approach aims to develop nutritious grain varieties that can help address global dietary deficiencies.
A long-term study of over 1,000 New Zealanders found that children who later developed schizophrenia showed early cognitive deficits in verbal and visual learning, reasoning, and processing speed. These deficits persisted as they grew, with the children losing mental age at a rate comparable to those without schizophrenia.
Researchers from Oklahoma State University outline a teaching method that uses rapid computer game creation to bridge the digital divide. This approach circumvents traditional barriers to computing, such as prior knowledge of programming, and fosters critical and creative thinking skills.
A recent study found that mountain plant communities are susceptible to invasion by exotic species, contrary to previous beliefs. The research highlights the ease of propagule movement, low biological resistance, and increased transport between high-altitude areas as key factors contributing to these invasions.
A new study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology suggests that human running speeds can exceed 28 mph due to limitations imposed by muscle fiber contractile speed. Researchers found that elite sprinters' foot-ground contact times are brief, implying a biological limit on how quickly muscles can generate forces.
The Lancet Editorial highlights how aid agencies often prioritize their own interests over helping individuals, with a focus on raising funds and media coverage. This critique emphasizes the need to examine the industry's operations, beyond financial scrutiny.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that proper daily maintenance of central lines was key in preventing infections in children. The study showed a 43% drop in bloodstream infections from catheters by following simple rules for catheter care, including regular cleaning and hand washing.