Research at OHSU's Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute suggests that G-CSF, a hormone stimulating stem cell growth, can reactivate human cytomegalovirus in bone marrow recipients, increasing their risk of infection. The study highlights the need for factoring in the risks associated with G-CSF use during transplants.
A study by Kojo Yeboah-Antwi found that community health workers can safely provide integrated management of pneumonia and malaria to communities. The intervention resulted in a significant increase in appropriately-timed antibiotic treatment for non-severe pneumonia.
Minister Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus advocates for 'country ownership' to maximize development aid impact. Countries must have clear vision and control over resources, allowing them to tailor proven practices to their specific circumstances.
Researchers found that high-dose intravenous aspirin significantly reduced pain in patients with severe withdrawal headaches caused by medication overuse. The study showed that 25% of participants experienced a significant reduction in pain, while 40% reported a modest pain reduction.
A BU study shows that empowering community health workers with a rapid diagnostic test and antibiotics can significantly increase the proportion of appropriately timed antibiotic treatments for non-severe pneumonia and decrease inappropriate use of anti-malarials. The study found a five-fold increase in timely treatment of pneumonia.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center have identified neutral sphingomyelinase as a key player in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. By inhibiting this protein, they were able to prevent activated brain cells and beta-amyloid from killing neurons.
A recent study suggests that mixed-use neighborhoods can lead to lower levels of violent crime in both impoverished and affluent areas. However, the study found that increases in business-residential density initially lead to higher levels of violent crimes before declining after a certain threshold is reached.
The University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center will lead national hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cell therapies research, benefiting thousands of patients worldwide. The center's leading physician-scientists will conduct clinical trials to test new treatments, including umbilical cord blood 'T regulatory cells' and NK c...
The Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) researchers used computational modeling to predict the potential outcomes of different interventions for the H1N1 flu strain. The study found that vaccinating school-aged children substantially reduced overall disease spread and prevented up to 100 million additional cases.
Researchers found that oxytocin selectively improves social cognitive abilities in less socially proficient individuals but has little effect on those who are more socially proficient. The study suggests oxytocin may hold potential for treating social deficits in people with disorders marked by deficits in social functioning.
A new percutaneous mitral valve clip device demonstrated significant clinical benefits for patients with mitral valve regurgitation, improving left ventricular function and quality of life scores. The study found that patients with reduced MR grade at 12 months experienced marked clinical benefit.
A new housing design tool, EVOLVE, helps assess the quality of life for older people by evaluating physical support and personal well-being. The tool evaluates buildings based on user requirements such as accessibility, health and safety, and security, providing a domain score.
A new study published in The Lancet Oncology found that imatinib treatment interruption after 3 years results in rapid relapse and low progression-free survival. Patients who stopped treatment experienced significant tumour growth and poor overall survival, highlighting the need for continuous treatment to maintain cancer control.
Scientists at the University of Granada have developed a new therapy for skin and lung cancer using a suicide coliphage-gene, demonstrating effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. The treatment involves inducing cell death in tumour cells, potentially reducing the need for chemotherapy.
Researchers analyzed 33,900 hospital-based outpatient visits to compare resident and staff physician performance. Resident physicians outperformed staff on four measures, including ACE inhibitor use for congestive heart failure and routine blood pressure screenings.
A new study from the journal Financial Management found that politically connected firms enjoy higher leverage, lower taxes, and regulatory protection. This study highlights the benefits of having government ties for corporate success, suggesting distortions in public resource allocation are common globally.
A new study published in JAMA found that self-management counseling for patients with mild to moderate heart failure did not reduce the rate of death or hospitalization compared to educational materials alone. Despite advances in therapies, patient nonadherence remains a significant challenge.
Researchers explore how genetic variations interact with environmental factors like nicotine, vitamin D, and EBV to accelerate multiple sclerosis progression. The two-year project aims to identify gene-environmental interactions that can inform preventive and therapeutic strategies.
A new study by the American Society for Horticultural Science warns of a devastating impact on Florida's $54 million avocado industry due to invasive diseases. The potential loss could range from $183 million to $356 million, highlighting the need for urgent action.
Researchers led by UBC Prof. Patrick Keeling discovered a closely related parasite, E. intestinalis, with a 20% smaller genome than E. cuniculi, shedding hundreds of genes from its ends. The 'haircut' reveals insights into extreme genome evolution under specific conditions.
Brown University has granted an exclusive license to Tivorsan Pharmaceuticals for a potential treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, slowing muscle damage in mice by 50 percent. The treatment, based on biglycan protein, aims to prolong boys' ability to walk without assistance and perform daily activities.
A cross-sectional study found that children exposed to a particular strain of adenovirus were significantly more likely to be obese. The researchers detected neutralizing antibodies specific to AD36 in 15% of the children, with those who tested positive weighing an average of 50 pounds more than their non-positive counterparts.
The project aims to design a fundamentally secure internet architecture by exploring radical departures from the modern internet. The team will develop new technologies, including receiver-invoked third-party functionalities, on-demand bandwidth, and secure global private networks.
A new study found that framing tasks involving self-control as 'fun' rather than an obligation increases regulatory success. Participants who perceived the task as enjoyable exerted more self-control and consumed less candy compared to those who saw it as a chore.
A new study at Duke University Medical Center found that nearly 30% of Americans with voice problems have never received treatment, highlighting a need for better awareness and advocacy. The study also highlights the importance of early detection and personalized treatment plans to manage chronic conditions.
A study by Case Western Reserve University found that stopping thoughts burns energy, similar to how thinking itself consumes energy. The researchers used a computer model and Metabolica software package to analyze brain metabolism.
High blood glucose levels after surgery may be a significant risk factor for surgical site infections in general surgery patients, according to a recent study. The authors found that postoperative hyperglycemia was the most important risk factor for surgical site infections in both general and colorectal cancer surgery patients.
The new southern highbush blueberry 'Blue Suede' produces attractive light-blue fruit and large flavorful berries. It features vigorous growth with deep-red fall foliage and a longer ripening period, allowing home gardeners to harvest over an extended period.
Patients seeking revision rhinoplasty often cite tip asymmetry, difficulty breathing, and crooked middle thirds as concerns. The discrepancy between patient and surgeon findings highlights the need for improved communication about nasal aesthetics.
A study published in CMAJ found that an increased waistline and high triglyceride levels during the first trimester are linked to higher glucose intolerance levels later in pregnancy. Researchers suggest that measuring waist girth in combination with triglyceride concentrations may be useful for early screening of gestational diabetes.
The University of Houston pharmacy professor Joydip Das is working on pinpointing the mechanisms in the brain that respond to alcohol with a goal to discover a treatment. His team hopes to design drugs based on targeting the PKCε protein, which has shown a 75% reduction in mice drinking.
Tel Aviv University researchers Prof. Avishai Wool and Yossi Oren have developed a method for extracting more information from secure chips using modern cryptology methods and constraint programming. By analyzing power fluctuations, they can block out 'noise' and deliver accurate analysis of chip secret contents.
Researchers will analyze and control coupled semiconductor laser systems using a rigorous mathematical approach to study collective behaviors in a highly-controlled environment. The team aims to contribute to understanding of collective behavior benefiting scientists across disciplines.
A new study published in the Journal of Consumer Research found that the order in which food items are considered affects people's calorie estimates. Researchers discovered that switching the order can significantly alter perceived calorie content, even when foods are dissimilar.
Studies identified that postmastectomy irradiation triples the risk for an unplanned return to the operating room and immediate breast reconstruction increases that risk eight-fold. Women considering immediate reconstruction may benefit from a sentinel lymph node biopsy prior to mastectomy.
Research published in PNAS reveals that windborne dust on high peaks in the Colorado River Basin reduces snow cover duration and increases runoff, leading to a 5% annual loss of water. This decrease in runoff affects water management, as peak flows occur earlier and are more compressed.
NASA satellites and aircraft gathered crucial data on Hurricane Karl's maximum sustained winds of 115 mph as it moved into Mexico's rugged terrain. The storm caused widespread flooding and evacuations, resulting in over 40,000 people being evacuated and eight reported missing.
A study of 362 Quebec children found significant deficits in the intelligence quotient (IQ) of those exposed to higher concentrations of manganese in drinking water. Despite being below current guidelines, the results indicate that manganese may pose a risk to children's intellectual development.
Researchers discovered that barred patterns on birds' feathers play a crucial role in sexual signaling, particularly on the front of males during face-to-face interactions. The study, published in Journal of Evolutionary Biology, provides insight into bird communication and evolution.
Researchers found that TAL1 promotes the expression of NKX3.1 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, driving their growth and proliferation. Eliminating NKX3.1 halted the growth of these cancerous cells in culture and after injection into mice.
Researchers found that both nasogastric and nasointestinal feeding approaches were feasible, safe, and effective in most patients with severe acute pancreatitis. This study suggests that nasogastric feeding may be a viable option for enteral nutrition in these patients.
A new trial aims to determine if taking daily doses of a fish oil extract and aspirin can shrink existing polyps and prevent new ones from forming in the bowel. If successful, this treatment could reduce the need for frequent colonoscopies in patients at risk of developing bowel cancer.
A team of researchers identified a way to preserve nerve cells in motor neuron disease by preventing symptom onset, weight loss, and paralysis. This discovery provides a new avenue for the development of therapeutics for ALS and other motor neuron diseases.
The Louisiana State University Agricultural Center has developed a new disease-resistant fig named 'Champagne', which outperforms other varieties in terms of fruiting characteristics. The fig produces distinctive yellow and gold-colored fruit and is resistant to defoliation caused by fig leaf rust and leaf spot.
A new study by University of Maryland and Georgetown University researchers found that suggesting consumers will use a product frequently can reduce their interest in buying it. The study suggests that ads or customer reviews highlighting low usage frequency can backfire if consumers believe they won't be able to keep up with others.
Disc battery ingestions by children can lead to severe esophageal damage, including tissue death, burns, and perforation. The study of 10 pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic retrieval found a high index of suspicion necessary to avoid life-threatening sequelae.
The seasonal flu vaccine has been shown to lower the risk of first heart attack in adults, with a 19% reduction found in the study. Early vaccination for influenza between September and mid-November was associated with an even higher 21% reduction.
The American College of Physicians has announced that current stool DNA tests are not effective or cost-effective for colorectal cancer screening. Additionally, researchers have found that using proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel together does not increase risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes after a first heart attack. In anot...
Researchers have discovered a novel compound that amplifies the effects of anandamide, a natural chemical in the body similar to THC found in marijuana. The synthetic drug URB937 inhibits FAAH enzyme, enhancing anandamide levels and producing analgesic effects without sedation or addiction.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified a new pathway that helps control the immune balance through reciprocal regulation of specialized T lymphocytes. The mechanism offers a promising target for new drugs against autoimmune disorders and could lead to new anti-rejection drugs.
Researchers found that rotating HPS lamps are more cost-effective than incandescent lighting in promoting flowering in long-day ornamental species. The use of rotating HPS lamps resulted in lower energy consumption and lower weekly operating costs, making it an attractive alternative for commercial growers.
A five-year study found that teenagers who increased their screen time had the greatest increases in percent body fat, while those who decreased their screen time had the lowest gains. The study suggests that public health strategies to reduce overall screen time among youth could be beneficial.
A new study highlights the excess burden of medical conditions on top of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in returning US soldiers. Women with PTSD suffer from more medical conditions than men, with a median value of 7 conditions compared to 4.5 in women without mental health issues.
According to a recent study by New Mexico State University, Santa Fe residents prefer high desert plants in their landscapes due to their ability to conserve water. The survey found that nearly all respondents would adopt these plants for front yard landscaping and were satisfied with their existing desert plant choices.
Research reveals that seamounts have comparable levels of diversity and endemism to continental margins, but their ecological communities are distinct in structure and higher in biomass. Seamount ecosystems are highly vulnerable to disturbance by bottom trawling and require decades for recovery.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a nano antenna that can concentrate light by a factor of 1,000. By measuring the electrical current flowing between two gold tips separated by a nanoscale gap, they were able to determine the amplification of light intensity in the gap.
Jennifer Abrams, a UTHealth graduate student, has been awarded a three-year fellowship to investigate molecular causes of protein misfolding diseases. Her research aims to understand how cells deal with early stages of these diseases, potentially leading to interventions.
A new study by University of Bristol researchers reveals that geoengineering would have varying impacts globally. Regions like the USA and Australia become drier with increasing strength, while others like Australia become wetter.
A new study by Long Island Jewish Medical Center and The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research found that fine particles of pollution can increase the risk of sudden cardiac arrest. For every 10ug/m3 rise in small particle air pollution, there was a four-to-ten percent increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.
A recent study published in Proteome Science found that one in ten seagull droppings contain 'superbug' bacteria resistant to Vancomycin. The researchers used a novel technique called proteomics to detect bacterial proteins connected to antibiotic resistance, providing new targets for antimicrobial agents and potential biomarkers.