Researchers from Ohio State University have achieved the highest-resolution MRI scan of a magnet, revealing its magnetic properties at the nanoscale. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in data storage and biomedical imaging, as well as more efficient computer chips and devices.
Bernd Sturmfels received the John von Neumann Lecture for his work on applying algebraic ideas to problems in biology, statistics, optimization, and polynomial systems. The lecture surveyed recent applications of abstract algebra in modeling and solving nonlinear problems.
NASA's TRMM satellite confirms better organization in Tropical Depression 5, leading to its classification as the fifth tropical depression in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Forecasters predict strengthening into Tropical Storm Danielle in the next day or so.
A study by Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience found that people's brains respond differently to others' actions based on their perceived intentions. When generous behavior is framed as benefiting the group, participants showed a stronger neural response, indicating a greater liking for the action.
The Penn State College of Medicine has received a $54 million grant to act as the data coordinating center for the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's AsthmaNet. The NHLBI Asthma Network will conduct multiple clinical trials to address key asthma management questions, with a focus on pediatric and adult populations.
UCF physicists analyze space dust using far IR spectroscopy to identify minerals and provide clues about solar system formation and life emergence. The findings will be published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society journal.
The University of Leicester has developed an online diabetes risk assessment tool using 7 questions to identify those at high risk. The tool is being used in a number of studies to encourage people to see their doctor and has already been taken by over 21,000 individuals.
Scientists have discovered a new window into the Earth's violent past by analyzing geochemical evidence from volcanic rocks on Baffin Island. The study suggests that the primitive mantle, which dates back to just tens of millions of years after the Earth's formation, was already depleted in incompatible elements compared to chondrites.
Researchers found evidence for the oldest Earth mantle reservoir on Baffin Island, dating back to between 4.55 and 4.45 billion years ago. The discovery suggests an alternative to the traditional chondritic model of the Earth's composition.
Researchers have developed a model that confirms correlation between on and off periods in blinking phenomena, providing insights into the physical mechanism behind the vast range of emission times. The finding has potential applications in quantum dot imaging, cancer cell detection, and display screen development.
A NOAA study found that clouds exhibit oscillating patterns influenced by precipitation, creating regular rainfall events. The discovery highlights the impact of aerosols on large-scale cloud structure and climate change, suggesting a more complex understanding of interactions between aerosols and clouds.
Researchers have discovered over 100 new proteins involved in plant cell division, revealing the machinery behind this process for the first time. The newly developed Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) Platform enables rapid unraveling of protein interactions, advancing crop yield optimization.
Scientists have developed a new approach to deliver therapeutic genes into brain cancer cells, using chlorotoxin from deathstalker scorpion venom and nanoparticles of iron oxide. This method has shown promise in inducing nearly twice the amount of gene expression in brain cancer cells compared to traditional approaches.
The new test uses mass spectrometry to analyze metabolites in a single drop of blood serum, accurately identifying women with ovarian cancer in all tested patients. Further testing will be conducted on 500 patients to confirm the results and explore its potential for detecting other types of cancers.
Researchers demonstrate how rain causes air movement that breaks down and builds up cloud walls, forming honeycomb clouds with self-organizing patterns. These clouds cycle regularly due to the interaction between rising and falling air, resulting in shifting showers over time.
A new study at McMaster University shows that using lighter weights can build muscle just as effectively as heavier ones. The key is to lift until fatigue sets in, pumping iron for a specific duration.
Dr. Binh An Diep, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, has made significant contributions to understanding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) epidemiology and pathogenesis.
A new study led by Ned H. Kalin of the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health found that increased brain activity in the amygdala and anterior hippocampus can predict anxious temperament in young primates. This discovery may lead to new strategies for early detection and treatment of at-risk children.
A new study published in Neurology found that lithium is not effective in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) due to a high dropout rate and serious side effects. The research involved 171 people with ALS, but showed no difference between those receiving therapeutic or subtherapeutic doses of lithium.
A recent study by The Wistar Institute found that the newly identified human adenovirus AdHu26 commonly infects people, particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa, rendering it an unlikely candidate as a vaccine carrier. In contrast, chimpanzee adenoviruses demonstrate similar functionality and are considered superior for mass vaccination.
A USDA study uses near infrared light technology to quickly evaluate individual kernels of wheat and barley for resistance to scab disease. This allows breeders to rapidly select for resistant varieties, minimizing yield losses and promoting international food security.
A study by University of Alberta researcher Brea Malacad reveals shifting behaviors and attitudes towards oral sex among young women. The findings indicate that while some view oral sex as less intimate than intercourse, others see it as equally or more intimate. Additionally, the research highlights the need for sex educators to catch...
Carol Iversen received the 2010 ICAAC Young Investigator Award for her research on Enterobacter sakazakii taxonomy. Her work led to the creation of a new genus Cronobacter, which has improved detection and isolation of the bacteria.
The National Institutes of Health has launched a nationwide research initiative to define changes in the human immune system using human studies. The effort aims to improve vaccine safety, effectiveness, and overall therapeutic outcomes for various infections and diseases.
Dr. Thomas J. Walsh, Director of the Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program at Weill Cornell Medical College, has been selected as the 2010 laureate of the sanofi-aventis ICAAC Award for his groundbreaking work on antifungal pharmacology and therapeutics.
A new trial shows that administering tranexamic acid to patients with recent, severe bleeding injuries can reduce death rates without increasing adverse effects. The study estimates that up to 100,000 deaths could be prevented annually worldwide.
The discovery of fossilized bones with cut marks in Ethiopia pushes the timeline of stone tool use and meat consumption back by nearly a million years. The evidence suggests that early human ancestors, such as Australopithecus afarensis, used stone tools to butcher meat from large mammals.
A recent study by Linda Ng Boyle found that an in-car coach using eye tracking technology significantly reduced the time until collision among high-risk young drivers, more than doubling their time. The system provided continual feedback to drivers who needed it most, leading to a significant improvement in their driving behavior.
Researchers discovered a distinct cholinergic system in cocaine-addicted brains, affecting blood flow and regions involved in emotions and behavior. This finding may lead to new treatment options for addiction by targeting this specific system.
Research suggests that responding to infants' cues is key to better sleep outcomes, contradicting past findings on physical contact. Parents who show disinterest or gentle interactions help children fall asleep faster, while those using stern directives hinder sleep.
A new study found that improved prescription drug coverage under Medicare Part D has led to an increase in the use of antibiotics by seniors, particularly for brand-name and more expensive drugs. The study suggests this could lead to unnecessary spending on broad-spectrum antibiotics and overuse of inappropriate antibiotics.
The American College of Rheumatology has announced revised classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis, allowing researchers to study patients earlier in the course of the disease. The new criteria aim to prevent joint damage and improve patient outcomes.
A new imaging method can identify high-risk patients with potentially life-threatening cardiovascular conditions, helping physicians determine which patients are best suited for implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy. This technique also helps avoid overuse or underuse of ICD treatment.
A new study from UC Davis found that changing training techniques can reduce shear forces on knee joints, which may help prevent ACL injuries. The research involved female basketball players who learned to land on their toes and balls of the feet, resulting in a 56% reduction in tibial shear force.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new technology enabling tiny machines to self-calibrate, leading to super-accurate sensors for crime scene forensics, environmental testing and medical diagnostics. This innovation could revolutionize fields like tracking criminal suspects and detecting hazardous substances.
A team of Yale University geologists discovered that Gondwana underwent a massive 60-degree rotational shift during the Early Cambrian period, with some regions moving at speeds of up to 16 cm/year. This rapid rotation had significant consequences for environmental conditions and the Cambrian explosion of animal life.
A groundbreaking buoy deployment has begun in the Western Pacific to better understand air-sea interactions during typhoons. The buoys will collect data on momentum, heat, and moisture exchange between the atmosphere and ocean.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University have developed improved microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices that can measure acceleration and impact with increased sensitivity. These advancements have the potential to transform industries such as sports, transportation, and defense.
Researchers from Ohio State University drilled through Indonesian ice caps, collecting cores that may provide a long-term record of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The project aims to capture a record of ENSO and reconstruct a high-resolution climate record going back over 500 years.
Scientists found that epigenetic variation can significantly influence the adaptive potential of individual species in marsh orchids, affecting evolutionary potential at a quicker rate. This discovery brings new hope to plant conservation and highlights the importance of environmental factors in altering inherited traits.
A new analysis of voting patterns among bishops at Second Vatican Council points to indirect influence of non-Catholic churches in the Council's liberalization of the Catholic Church. Researchers found that relationships with other religious institutions were crucial factors in predicting bishops' votes on key issues.
A team of Canadian scientists has developed a new neurochip technology that can track subtle changes in brain activity at the level of ion channels and synaptic potentials. This breakthrough allows for the analysis of several brain cells networking and performing automatic, large-scale drug screening for various brain dysfunctions.
Implementing electronic medical records (EMRs) in six antiretroviral treatment sites in Malawi improved quarterly cohort reports completion time from up to five days to minutes. The successful deployment of EMRs also prepared a foundation for a comprehensive electronic health record system for other chronic diseases.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology develop a system to excavate brain tumor cells by directing them away from their location in the brain to a gel-based 'sink' where they can be removed or killed. The goal is to improve survival rates and reduce toxic effects of treatment for pediatric medulloblastomas.
A new study by Harvard University economist John Friedman found that students who progress from average to above-average scores on the Stanford Achievement Test in kindergarten can expect to make $1,000 more per year at age 27. Additionally, they are more likely to attend college and own a home by age 28.
A regional protocol initiative improved aortic dissection patient care, reducing time to diagnosis from 4.3 hours to 160 minutes. The protocol, implemented in 32 hospitals, also led to a 55% reduction in time to intervention for surgically managed patients.
A University at Buffalo study finds that walking to school can reduce stress reactivity in children, leading to lower heart rate and blood pressure. Regular physical activity throughout the day may provide a protective effect against cardiovascular disease.
Researchers developed an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system to monitor balloon inflation during angioplasty procedures, enabling precise measurement of balloon diameter and thickness. This technology holds potential for improving the success rate of angioplasty surgeries.
Emergency department visit rates in the US significantly increased between 1997 and 2007, with a notable rise among adults with Medicaid. The number of emergency departments serving as safety-net facilities also expanded during this period. Increasing access to healthcare services for vulnerable populations remains a pressing concern.
A modeling study found that high malaria transmission areas in Africa require additional tools beyond current interventions like artemisinin-combination therapy and bednets. Targeting outdoor-biting mosquitoes with new strategies may be necessary for achieving elimination in these areas.
A new article highlights the importance of considering cultural differences in the workplace. Research shows that people from different cultures have varying expectations about teamwork, leadership, and family involvement. By acknowledging these differences, employers can create more effective teams and improve collaboration.
Researchers at LSU and two other universities are analyzing the impact of oil on Louisiana's marshlands using water samples and advanced spectroscopic analysis. The study aims to understand the molecular-level effects of oil contamination on coastal health.
A study suggests that biochar, a charcoal-like substance made from plants and organic materials, can sustainably offset up to 12% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar holds onto its carbon for hundreds or thousands of years, keeping greenhouse gases out of the air longer.
A study of over 80,000 patients in the UK found no significant association between oral bisphosphonate use and an increased risk of esophageal or gastric cancer. The analysis excluded patients with less than 6 months follow-up, resulting in 41,826 members in each group.
Researchers developed motion-tracking technology to track motions while people exercise, providing real-time feedback to reduce future injuries. The technology improves balance, emotional and cognitive health, cardiovascular function, and reduces the likelihood of falls among older adults.
A study at University of Michigan and University of Wisconsin-Madison found that 98% of medical students are interested in using technology, including video games and virtual reality, to enhance their education. The survey also showed a significant gender disparity, with male students more likely to play video games.
Researchers have discovered a potential new treatment for fragile X syndrome by targeting phosphoinositide-3 (PI3) kinase inhibitors. These drugs can correct defects in neurons and restore normal protein production at synapses, suggesting improved learning and cognition in individuals with the condition.
A randomized controlled trial found that adding raltegravir to standard antiretroviral therapy had no effect on low-level viral load in HIV-positive individuals. The study suggests that residual viremia may be due to the release of HIV from stable reservoirs, requiring new therapeutic strategies to cure HIV infection.
Archaeologists have unearthed Britain's earliest surviving Stone Age house at the Star Carr site in North Yorkshire, dated to 8,500 BC. The 3.5m circular structure features a large wooden platform and post holes, providing evidence of early carpentry and domestic life.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a new method to visualize and analyze the mechanical stress that causes coatings to peel. This discovery has broad applications in physical and biological sciences, as coatings protect almost every surface.