A team of Wisconsin researchers has identified the protein targets in cells of a key hormone that controls how plants respond to environmental stresses such as drought. The study's findings could help underpin the development of new crop plant strains capable of thriving in hotter, dryer climates.
Suncica Canic develops computer models to simulate stent interactions with blood and cells, improving stent compatibility and reducing complications. Her research aims to help doctors choose the right stents for their patients and optimize stent design for specific procedures.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered a way to control the piezoelectric effect in nanoscale semiconductors called quantum dots. This enables the development of incredibly tiny new products with potential applications in solar power and nanoelectronic devices.
The larvae of the sunburst diving beetle have been found to possess bifocal lenses in four of their twelve eyes, allowing for efficient switching between close-up and distance vision. This discovery has implications for biomedical engineering and imaging technology, with potential applications for humans.
Researchers use fruit flies to study protein modifications that can contribute to cancer development. The study aims to unravel the role of enzyme San in tissue proliferation and cancer growth.
Munich researchers uncover the rocking movement of Hsp90, an unexpected pattern of motion that sheds light on its stability and communication patterns. This discovery may lead to more effective cancer medication with fewer side effects.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have identified two drugs that can protect nerve cells in mice from the lethal effects of Parkinson's disease by blocking the overactive LRRK2 protein. This finding suggests a promising target for developing treatments against Parkinson's disease.
A panel of four climate experts will review current state of climate science and discuss observed changes. Chemistry plays a crucial role in resolving the climate change challenge, with significant impacts on water systems, agriculture, human health, and more.
Researchers develop integrated pest management system using Neoseiulus californicus predatory mites and petroleum spray oils to reduce pesticide usage in eggplant farming. The system aims to improve eggplant production, increase farmer income, and benefit consumers and the environment.
Researchers found that local fishermen exposed to oil clean-up efforts two years prior showed persistent airway injury, including increased prevalence rates of respiratory symptoms and biomarkers of pulmonary oxidative stress. The study suggests even short-term exposure to oil sediments may have detrimental health effects.
Scientists have discovered a powerful new catalyst that can boost oxygen production in fuel cells by 200-fold, advancing the development of personalized energy systems. This breakthrough could enable homes and businesses to produce their own clean energy for heating, cooling, and powering cars.
Researchers used quantum molecular dynamics and transmission electron microscopy to discover an intermediate step in the cleaning process. Electron irradiation prevented loop formation, allowing for efficient edge cleaning and improving graphene's suitability for electronics.
A new analysis found that prostate cancer treatment choices significantly impact long-term care costs. Watchful waiting had the lowest initial and five-year total costs, while hormonal therapy plus radiation and surgery were associated with higher costs.
A recent study by UCLA researchers has identified a genetic variation linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Asian men. The findings suggest that this variation on the X chromosome enhances an immune response, increasing the risk of developing lupus in men compared to women.
A protein called APC plays a key role in synapse maturation, and dysfunction prevents the synapse function required for typical learning and memory. Mutations in genes related to neuroligin and neurexin are associated with autism, but little was known about their mechanisms at the synapse.
A study published in The Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that alcohol consumption is more strongly related to the risk of lobular carcinoma than ductal carcinoma, and more strongly related to hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer than hormone-receptor-negative breast cancer.
Research reveals vitamin D's impact on multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, cancers, and dementia. The study identified 2,776 binding sites for the vitamin D receptor across the genome.
Researchers at the University of Louisville have developed a new technology that prevents scar tissue from forming around implanted devices, allowing them to function longer. The technology uses tiny blood vessel fragments suspended in collagen gel to create an environment that resists scarring.
A new biosensor developed at Purdue University can detect auxin movement in real-time, allowing scientists to better understand how the plant hormone regulates root growth. The sensor uses nanomaterials to create an electrical signal that measures auxin concentration, enabling instantaneous and continuous measurements during root growth.
NSU researchers are conducting four projects studying the oil spill's effects on marine life and ecosystems. They aim to better understand potential and actual impacts to economically and biologically valuable marine ecosystems.
A team led by Fabiola Parra has successfully traced the domesticated Gray Ghost Organ Pipe (Stenocereus pruinosus) to its living ancestral species in Mexico's Tehuacán Valley. Genetic analysis reveals evidence of artificial selection, increasing genetic diversity among cacti grown using traditional methods.
A new study on British Sign Language found that signers make different mistakes in the sign and in mouthing, indicating separate brain processing for hand and lip movements. Researchers suggest that this suggests the signer is processing two languages simultaneously.
A recent study by the American Psychological Association found that disasters disproportionately affect individuals with disabilities and mental disorders, with significant barriers to housing, transportation, and disaster services still present two years after Hurricane Katrina. Researchers recommend case managers knowledgeable about ...
Researchers at Arizona State University have created a new device that simplifies health diagnosis by detecting diseases quickly and at lower costs. The Integrascope uses superhydrophobic surfaces and LEDs to focus light on tiny particles, allowing for rapid detection of infectious agents or proteins in patient samples.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia found that daily minocycline treatment can help diabetics avoid strokes or minimize damage by reducing blood vessel remodeling. This could benefit diabetics who are already at increased risk for bleeding and stroke damage.
Researchers developed new 'stapled peptides' to block key cancer proteins, showing promise for treating cancer, diabetes, and other diseases. The advances could lead to a new generation of medicines, overcoming the shortcomings of previous drugs.
A decade-long trial confirms that early corticosteroids withdrawal improves graft survival rates, patient survival rates, and reduces cardiovascular events in transplant patients. The study shows a significant reduction in non-PTLD cancer risk among ECSWD patients.
Researchers have successfully used a drug to reset the body clock of mice, opening up possibilities for treating psychiatric disorders, jet lag, and shift work-related health impacts. The drug works by inhibiting casein kinase 1, a key molecule in the circadian clock mechanism.
Engineers at the University of Edinburgh have developed a forecasting method to predict damage caused by weather to historic and modern masonry buildings. This allows conservationists to estimate the impact of long-term climate change on stonework and brickwork, determining the most suitable preservation plan.
Research found high glucose levels can form a 'sugar coating' that blocks immune receptors, increasing the risk of chronic bacterial and fungal infections in diabetes patients. This can lead to increased risks of viral infections like influenza and inflammatory conditions like cardiovascular disease.
Eating berries like blueberries, strawberries, and acai berries may help keep the aging brain healthy by activating its natural 'housekeeper' mechanism. The mechanism cleans up toxic proteins linked to age-related memory loss and other mental decline.
Researchers successfully reshaped the gut microbiome of rats, inducing long-term changes that could lead to new treatments for intestinal diseases. The study found that transplantation alone was sufficient to introduce new species into the intestinal microbial composition.
The Open Source Drug Discovery (OSDD) Consortium is a worldwide scientific community working together to discover and develop new drugs. Key findings include the development of a comprehensive map of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, paving the way for a potential new drug for tuberculosis.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a nano-sized vehicle that can deliver chemotherapy drugs directly into cancer cells while avoiding interaction with healthy cells. This technology has the potential to increase the efficiency of chemotherapeutic treatments while reducing their debilitating side effects.
Scientists at Rutgers University discovered a material where an electric field controls the overall magnetic properties, leading to ultra-dense data storage. The effect could revolutionize small-scale magnetic bits and potentially lead to more dense storage devices than current terabyte discs.
A study published in BMC Infectious Diseases found that alcohol-based hand disinfectants significantly reduced incidences of absenteeism due to common colds, fever, and cough. Hand disinfection also reduced on-the-job-productivity-losses and increased workplace health levels.
A study mapping vitamin D receptor genome-wide connections autoimmune disease and cancer genes reveals novel links of vitamin D with disease predisposition. Vitamin D insufficiency is a growing concern worldwide, especially for individuals genetically predisposed to be sensitive to deficiency.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found an average of over 20,000 sledding-related injuries treated in US hospital emergency departments each year. The most common injuries were fractures and cuts/bruises, with a high risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) during collisions.
A new clinical trial confirms that drinking two 8-ounce glasses of water before meals helps people shed more pounds than those who do not drink water. The study found that water drinkers lost about 15.5 pounds over 12 weeks, while non-water drinkers lost about 11 pounds.
Scientists have made progress in developing improved materials for high-performance, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that can be woven into clothing. These conformable batteries could provide power for a range of devices, including smartphones and GPS units.
Researchers found that human breast cancer cells overexpress the alpha 9 subunit of the nAchR, promoting tumor growth. Reducing α9-nAchRs inhibited tumor growth in laboratory experiments.
A new analysis found that rectal cancer rates are rising among young people under 40, with a 3.8% annual increase between 1984 and 2005. The study suggests that endoscopic evaluation should be considered for individuals presenting with rectal bleeding or other signs of the disease.
A new study by University of Colorado Denver Business School researchers found that organizations learn more from failure than success and retain that knowledge longer. The study's findings suggest that managers should treat failures as invaluable learning opportunities, encouraging the open sharing of information about them.
The lack of vision at the federal level hinders public health protection and system support. The authors call for sufficient resources, evidence-based healthcare, and national pharmacare strategies.
Researchers have developed a new method for visualizing individual virus particles, enabling a more detailed understanding of these minute pathogens. The technique, known as surface plasmon resonance microscopy, allows for the detection and measurement of viral mass, with a detection limit rivaling conventional methods by three to four...
Researchers discovered that the OGF-OGFr axis controls entry from cytoplasm to nucleus, critical for cell proliferation. Nucleocytoplasmic transport involves karyopherin β and Ran, and is dependent on nuclear localization signals.
A study published in Pediatrics shows that a brief two-week course teaching children to be skeptical of media messages can help prevent substance use. The 'Media Detective' program boosted the critical thinking skills of third through fifth graders and reduced their intentions to use alcohol and tobacco.
Economists Santanu Roy and Lars J. Olson analyze the balance between controlling invasive species and free trade, finding that some restrictions may be necessary to prevent economic damage while allowing for entry when damages are low. Their study provides a qualitative framework for policymakers to determine optimal response strategies.
The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be traced to The World's Work magazine from November 1900. Arthur W. Page, editor of the magazine, advocated for sustainability, labor rights, and consumer education in his editorials. His actions as a vice president at AT&T further solidified CSR principles.
Researchers found that cranberry juice cocktail prevents E. coli from sticking to other bacteria and forming biofilms, which can lead to urinary tract infections. The study suggests that the beneficial substances in cranberry juice could reach the urinary tract within 8 hours after consumption.
Colin B. Macdonald received the 2010 Richard C. DiPrima Prize for his work on the Closest Point Method, advancing biology, materials science, and computer graphics applications.
The American Chemical Society hosted a symposium on science policy, focusing on the importance of scientists' involvement in shaping policy on global issues like climate change and security. The event aimed to equip young scientists with the necessary tools to become effective participants in policy debates.
Research by Penn State scientists found that certain polyphenols, such as grape seed extract and EGCG in green tea, inhibit iron absorption. The polyphenols bind to iron in intestinal cells, forming a complex that cannot be transported into the bloodstream.
A team of K-state researchers is conducting a three-year study funded by a $1.2 million NASA grant to understand the impact of microgravity on human physiology. They aim to develop simple tests that astronauts can use in space to assess their physical conditioning and determine if they have the capacity to perform lunar tasks.
The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) awards the Julian Cole Lectureship every four years to recognize outstanding contributions to mathematical characterization and solution of challenging problems. This year, Professor John King received the award for his work on mathematical modeling of tumor growth.
Astronomers have detected gamma rays from a nova, dispelling the idea that these explosions are not powerful enough to produce high-energy radiation. The newly detected explosion is equivalent to about 1,000 times the energy of the sun.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have uncovered evidence of a new diet in the North Creek Shelter, a 10,000-year-old archaeological site on the Colorado Plateau. The study reveals that early humans in the region consumed small seeds, including sage brush seeds, as well as deer and other game.
Researchers have identified a single dominant gene from the Colorado germplasm line that provides resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus. The Wsm2 gene was mapped to chromosome 3B and can be used to track its presence in wheat breeding programs.
The Novartis 2010 Immunology Prizes were awarded to Professor Michael Bevan and Charles Dinarello, and Juerg Tschopp, for their contributions to basic and clinical immunology. The prizes recognize individual achievement and provide financial support for further research.
A less intensive bortezomib-based regimen is as effective as the standard treatment for elderly patients with multiple myeloma, but with fewer serious side effects. The regimen resulted in a reduction in peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal symptoms while maintaining efficacy.