Scientists have successfully sequenced the domestic apple genome, allowing for rapid identification of desirable genes and traits. The study also reveals the wild ancestor of the modern domesticated apple, providing a valuable resource for future research and breeding programs.
The SHIFT study found that ivabradine significantly reduced cardiovascular death and hospitalization for worsening heart failure when added to standard treatment in patients with a high heart rate. Lowering heart rates with ivabradine was also associated with improved clinical outcomes, including an average reduction of 15 bpm.
The analysis of the RELY trial found that local standards of care significantly affect the benefits of switching to new treatments, particularly for stroke prevention. In centers with poor INR quality control, dabigatran showed greater advantages over warfarin in preventing stroke and cardiovascular events.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute successfully analyze all genes in human genome simultaneously to identify mutation causing Mabry Syndrome. The new process reveals a mutation in PIGV gene leading to mental retardation and other symptoms.
A CCNY-led team found that nodes with fewer connections but locations near the core of a network are just as likely to spread information or infections. This knowledge could help public health officials target resources to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.
A new study finds that consumers' motives and purchasing decisions change as the time since their last paycheck increases. Newly paid individuals tend to prioritize products that improve their quality of life, while those closer to payday focus on preserving their current standard of living.
A study found that genetic variation in ABCB1 affects clopidogrel metabolism, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. The variation, which is common in half the population, can render standard clopidogrel treatment less effective, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine approaches.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine contradicts earlier reports that people with a certain genetic make-up don't benefit from the blood-thinner clopidogrel. Researchers found that the gene variant previously thought to be associated with reduced effectiveness had no impact on patients taking clopidogrel.
Researchers have discovered a genetic risk factor associated with common types of migraine, revealing a potential explanation for the link. A DNA variant on Chromosome 8 regulates glutamate levels in nerve cells, which may play a key role in migraine attacks.
Carnegie Mellon researchers found that heterogeneous groups of neurons transmit twice as much information as homogeneous groups. This diversity is essential for overall brain function and may also play a role in neurological disorders like epilepsy and schizophrenia.
A study found ticagrelor to be more effective than clopidogrel in preventing blood clots, regardless of genetic variations. This means patients with acute coronary syndromes can use ticagrelor instead of clopidogrel, eliminating the need for genetic testing.
Researchers found a technique to remotely control a key component of most quantum cryptography systems, exploiting imperfections in photon detectors. Countermeasures have been implemented with ID Quantique, a leading manufacturer, to secure the technology.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified interleukin-17A as the chief culprit behind severe asthma-like symptoms in mice. The study found that blocking IL-17A production or targeting the complement factor 3 pathway can reduce airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation.
A study found that parents often administer incorrect doses of medications to children, leading to a high number of calls to poison centers and emergency hospital admissions. The researchers call for improved education on proper medication usage to prevent child harm.
Schizophrenia is a complex condition characterized by altered brain structure and neurotransmission, leading to symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, and social withdrawal. Delayed access to treatment can result in slower recovery and increased risk of relapse, highlighting the need for early intervention.
Research highlights the importance of gene-environment interactions in understanding psychosis development. Environmental factors such as urbanicity, migration, and cannabis use have been shown to increase risk, while genetic vulnerability plays a role in making individuals more susceptible.
A Rutgers-led research team will design a 'clean-slate' network architecture to accommodate the shift of Internet traffic to smart cellular phones, tablet computers and emerging mobile data services. The goal is to make the mobile Internet reliable, available, secure and trustworthy.
A study of nearly 2,000 people with diabetes found that many remain sexually active, but experience impairment in desire and rewards. Men are more likely to express a lack of interest in sex and experience erectile dysfunction, while women report orgasm difficulties.
The University of Texas at Austin's Health Information Technology program has received $2.7 million in federal funding to support its launch. The program graduated its first class of 54 students this summer, and the university will establish four programs in health information technology with the new funding.
Scientists have discovered a cell-to-cell signaling pathway that designates the future location of ear's sensory organs in embryonic mice. By activating this signal, they were able to induce patches of new sensory tissue with hair cells and support cells. This breakthrough suggests a potential avenue for regenerating sensory organs in ...
A study published by the American Physiological Society suggests that as body mass index (BMI) increases, so do platelet reactivity and thrombogenic microvesicles, contributing to cardiovascular disease. Higher BMI groups also showed increased traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure and triglycerides.
USDA scientists Jon Bates and Tony Svejcar found that burning cut juniper trees in winter helps protect native perennials from invasive cheatgrass. After 10 years, burned areas showed 1.5-2 times greater herbaceous and perennial grass cover than unburned areas.
A new technique developed by Dr. Scott Oliver may revolutionize the treatment of eye cancer, preventing blindness in most patients by blocking up to 55% of harmful radiation with silicone oil.
A genome-wide association study has revealed a strong link between a gene in the human leukocyte antigen region and Parkinson's disease, implicating the immune system. The study suggests that inflammation is involved in the origin of the disease, not just a symptom.
A pioneering project in North Korea has successfully implemented agroforestry systems on marginal sloping lands, increasing tree cover and crop diversity. The project has made a significant impact on people's lives, providing them with food, vitamins, and income through sustainable land management.
The eXpressive Internet Architecture (XIA) Project aims to develop a next-generation network architecture that fixes security and reliability deficiencies threatening the Internet's viability. XIA will include intrinsic security features, enabling users to ensure the legitimacy of websites and documents they access.
Researchers at Indiana University have designed a molecule that binds chloride ions but can be compelled to release them in the presence of ultraviolet light. The 'light switch' properties of this foldamer could be valuable tools for biochemists, allowing them to adjust the availability of chloride in their experiments.
Researchers found that hormonal changes play a significant role in enabling the crabs to make their journey. The Crustacean Hyperglycaemic Hormone (CHH) enables the efficient use of stored energy and its conversion to glucose to fuel the migration.
The NSF has announced four new projects worth up to $8 million each to explore new internet architectures that can meet the challenges of the 21st century. The projects will focus on developing a more trustworthy and scalable network architecture.
The George Pólya Prize recognizes Emmanuel Candès and Terence Tao's work on compressive sensing and matrix completion. Their algorithms enable efficient reconstruction of sparse, high-dimensional data with few measurements.
Researchers at New York University have developed a new sodium MRI method that can detect osteoarthritis in its early stages. By analyzing the concentration of sodium ions in cartilage, this non-invasive technique provides a clear map of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) distribution, essential for diagnosing and monitoring diseases.
A recent study published in Addictive Behaviors found that smoking may increase depressive symptoms in some adolescents who use cigarettes as a mood enhancer. The long-term Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) study, conducted by researchers at the University of Toronto and Montreal, involved over 662 high school teenagers.
A new study published in Thorax journal reveals that the introduction of a vaccine to combat bacterial pneumonia has led to a significant decrease in hospital admissions for children under 15 years old. The number of admissions decreased by 19% over two years, with a corresponding reduction in empyema cases.
Research reveals that breastfeeding significantly reduces mothers' risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Mothers who did not breastfeed had a 56% lower rate compared to those who breastfed, highlighting the benefits of lactation on maternal health.
New research from North Carolina State University reveals that fertilizer chemicals can be converted into toxic nitric oxide by water fleas, causing developmental and reproductive problems. The study's findings raise concerns about the impact of these chemicals on other organisms and highlight the need for further research.
A $3 million NIH grant will help scientists at Jefferson Medical College study variations in platelet function, specifically the genetics of platelet gene expression. The goal is to identify biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular disease risk and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
The 23rd ECNP Congress emphasizes the urgent need to address mental disorders, a major challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Key findings include improved early recognition and diagnosis, as well as comprehensive treatment programs for patients with neurological and mental disorders.
A new commercial trap for wasps, hornets and yellowjackets has been developed using attractants created by US Department of Agriculture scientists. The RESCUE! W-H-Y Trap attracts multiple species, including yellowjackets, paper wasps and hornets, and eliminates them through drowning or dehydration.
A study published in Atmospheric Environment found toxic elements in e-waste recycling emissions in southern China, posing health risks to workers and the environment. The research team identified carcinogens and persistent organic pollutants through mass spectrometry and other instrumentation.
The Society of Interventional Radiology supports high-quality clinical research to determine the safety and effectiveness of interventional M.S. treatments for vulnerable patients. SIR aims to catalyze the development of needed studies, prioritizing individualized assessments and scientific plausibility.
A recent study published in the journal Brain has found a link between nerve cell production and memory in humans. The research suggests that increasing nerve cell regeneration in the hippocampus may alleviate or prevent memory loss, providing new insights into age-related cognitive decline.
A team of University of British Columbia researchers found that phosphatidic acid, a type of fat present in all cells, serves as a cellular pH sensor. This discovery has important implications for understanding human metabolism and disease.
A recent study using radiocarbon dating found that a large CO2 release occurred at the end of the last ice age, speeding up its melting. The researchers suggest that this CO2 release may have implications for modern-day climate change.
Researchers sequenced the genomes of Jerdon's jumping ant and Florida carpenter ant, revealing clues to their complex social behavior and potential links to human aging. The findings highlight the importance of epigenetics in controlling gene expression, which may influence longevity and behavior.
A man-made chemical enzyme has been used to neutralize glycoside esculin, a toxin found in horse-chestnuts, demonstrating the feasibility of 'Chemzyme' technology. The artificial enzyme's resilience and designability make it a promising solution for various industrial applications.
A team of astronomers from the University of Florida has discovered two Saturn-sized planets and a possible third planet with an Earth-like size orbiting a distant star. The discovery was made using a new method of confirming planets called transit timing variation, which allows for more efficient confirmation of planetary systems.
A new study found that US hospitals made modest gains in adopting electronic health records between 2008 and 2009, with only 2% meeting federal guidelines for 'meaningful use.' This progress is unlikely to lead to improved healthcare quality and cost reductions due to the high costs of implementing EHR systems.
A study of 5037 European hemodialysis patients found that fluctuating hemoglobin levels do not increase the risk of mortality. Patients with consistently low hemoglobin levels had a higher risk of dying, however.
Scientists used OU GeoChip technology to analyze deepwater oil plumes in the Gulf of Mexico. The study found that microbial activity degraded virtually all oil without oxygen depletion.
A dietary supplement boosting nitric oxide levels can significantly improve stamina and allow athletes to exercise up to 20% longer. The study suggests a 1-2% improvement in race times, which may be the difference between winning and losing at elite levels.
A team of researchers studied California seed harvester ants to understand how colony size affects metabolism. They found that the metabolic rate decreases as colony size increases, but not in a straightforward manner.
A new study published in PLoS One reveals that the brain shifts between sleep/awake states under anesthesia through different processes. The researchers identified a fundamental state called neural inertia, which explains the brain's resistance to changes in consciousness. This finding may lead to the development of novel anesthetic dr...
A new study by Queen's University Belfast found that Northern Ireland's lizard population is under threat from agricultural intensification, which may lead to their disappearance from the landscape. The researchers highlight the need for a new ecological network to preserve heath and boglands, essential habitats for the species.
A new paper explores the need for reliable and specific quantification methods for protein-based food ingredients due to melamine adulteration risks. The authors discuss existing methods, their limitations, and emerging alternatives to prevent intentional adulteration.
Researchers from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston advocate for reclassifying traumatic brain injury as a chronic disease to ensure proper care and funding for research. The study highlights the long-term effects of brain trauma on cognitive function, physiological processes, and quality of life.
Fungus-farming ants use multiple antibiotics produced by actinomycete bacteria to control unwanted fungi and bacteria in their cultures. This discovery has identified a new antibiotic with potential medical applications, highlighting the importance of studying insect agriculture.
Two researchers, Jorge Alvarado and Monica Regalbuto, have been recognized for their exceptional work in environmental remediation and nuclear fuel cycle technology. Their achievements demonstrate the importance of diversity and talent in leading-edge scientific research.
A recent study has discovered that even brief periods of light exposure can significantly impact a fungus's biological functions, including reproduction, pigmentation, DNA repair, and stress response. The research also found that specific metabolic pathways can be directly activated by light in this fungus.
The NIH grant will support research into novel treatments for muscular dystrophies, including gene replacement and repair methods.
A University of Michigan survey found that core values such as equality and respect for diversity are widely held across the US population. However, divisions exist on issues like same-sex marriage, immigration, and universal healthcare.