A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that high expression of CD24 is a negative independent prognostic factor for progression-free and cancer-specific survival in NSCLC. CD24-high expression was also associated with adenocarcinoma histology, higher risk of disease progression, and cancer-related death.
UBC researchers have developed a new biomaterial that closely mimics the elasticity of muscle, showcasing high resilience at low strain and toughness at high strain. The material's mechanical properties can be fine-tuned to develop biomaterials with diverse useful properties.
The Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA) detects viruses and bacteria with probes in a checkerboard pattern, identifying over 2,000 viruses and 900 bacteria. This technology enables rapid detection of pathogens, improving biodefense, public health, and product safety.
Researchers found that adding virginiamycin to corn-soybean meal feed rations improves ileal amino acid digestibility, enabling pigs to utilize amino acids more efficiently. This increase in digestibility could lead to significant savings on formulation cost and lower diet costs for swine producers.
A new report in Cell Metabolism shows that insulin-resistant blood vessels develop plaques twice as large as normal ones and are more prone to atherosclerosis. Insulin signaling helps prevent fatty plaque buildup, suggesting treatments targeting blood vessels may be beneficial for people with diabetes.
Researchers at NC State University developed a set of guidelines to improve pest-risk mapping, including increasing international collaboration and incorporating climate change. The recommendations aim to increase the accuracy and consistency of pest-risk maps, which inform strategic and tactical management decisions. By addressing unc...
Researchers at Temple University's Center for Obesity Research are developing a new weight loss treatment that incorporates skills to address emotional eating. The program helps participants recognize and manage emotional triggers, such as boredom, frustration, or sadness, to break the cycle of overeating.
Historical research reveals Darwin's pioneering work on human perception of emotional expression, with implications for modern treatment of schizophrenia and autism. Snyder's study of previously unpublished notes shows that Darwin's experiment is a little-known forerunner for an entire modern field of study.
Researchers found that the brain's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays a key role in rational inference, but not emotions, in 'mindreading'. The study suggests that certain executive functions like cognitive flexibility may be important for processing what someone else is thinking.
A retrospective study found that vaccination is associated with earlier onset of seizures in children with Dravet syndrome, but does not affect the clinical outcome. The study analyzed 40 patients and found no difference in intellectual outcome or subsequent seizure type between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups.
Researchers examine data on minority and older populations to understand adherence to recommended screening guidelines. Studies find that virtual colonoscopies did not decrease the use of traditional optical colonoscopies for colorectal cancer screenings.
A new study found that PARL protein levels decline with age, contributing to muscle defects and insulin resistance. The researchers suggest increasing PARL levels may bring metabolic benefits, potentially leading to a new drug target for age-related diseases.
Researchers verified reductions in sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions from Chinese power plants using satellite monitoring. The study also predicts the evolution of central Pacific El Niño events, finding links to thermocline depth and its impact on weather patterns.
A new study found that hospital interventions can be more effective when focusing on alcohol-attributable illnesses, especially among patients with less severe drinking habits. Researchers suggest that addressing the link between physical health and drinking may motivate patients to change their behavior.
A new study reviewing over 74,000 births found that a key measure of body fat composition in newborns increased significantly alongside pregnant mothers' body mass index from 1990 to 2005. Health care providers are advised to pay closer attention to pregnant women's BMI before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy.
Researchers at Stanford University and Brown University are developing new technologies to understand brain function and encourage recovery from injury. The project aims to create implantable devices that can sense brain signals and deliver optogenetic light pulses to neural tissue.
This special issue of Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases explores the connections between high-altitude medicine and low-altitude diseases. Studies have elucidated fundamental mechanisms involved in lung edema and hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, while also detecting vascular dysfunction in humans.
The Mayo Clinic research team identified genetic variants in serotonin genes that impact IBS, suggesting a complex molecular mechanism involving multiple genes. The study found several previously unknown associations between IBS and serotonin-related SNPs, providing new insights into the condition.
Researchers found trawl fish landings peaked in 1937 at 14 times higher than today and bottom-living fish availability fell by 94%. The decline in popular fish stocks such as cod, haddock, and plaice is more profound than previously thought. The study suggests a longer period of damage to fisheries has taken place
A new DNA barcoding technique has found that many garden ferns sold at nurseries are actually exotic species from other parts of the world. The technique identified three species of ferns as mistakenly labeled, with over 50% of collected plants being incorrectly identified.
The GEO-PICTURES project combines state-of-the-art satellite communication, navigation, and earth observation to provide accurate optical field observations and tagged position, transferred via satellite-optimized protocols. The platform will be developed in Oslo with several partners and hosted on the CERN campus in Geneva.
A new study has found that children with hearing loss in one ear tend to have poorer oral language scores than their peers with normal hearing. The researchers discovered a significant link between unilateral hearing loss and lower language skills, particularly among disadvantaged children.
Adolescents exposed to prenatal smoking are at a higher risk for use of all psychiatric drugs, especially those treating depression, ADHD, and addiction. Smoking exposure during pregnancy may interfere with brain development, leading to increased need for psychotropic medications in childhood and young adulthood.
Researchers at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health found that postpartum blues are associated with elevated brain monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) levels in healthy women. Higher MAO-A levels can lead to feelings of sadness as it accelerates the removal of chemicals like serotonin, contributing to depression.
The University of Adelaide's Environment Institute has ranked countries based on their environmental impact using seven indicators. The study found that total wealth is the most important driver of environmental impact, contradicting the Kuznets curve hypothesis.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that HPV vaccine uptake among grade 6 girls in British Columbia, Canada is lower than expected. The study suggests that concerns about safety and lack of information are major factors hindering vaccine adoption. Positive parental attitudes towards vaccination and education level can incre...
A study found that hospitals with higher rates of following up patients within one week after discharge for heart failure treatment have lower readmission rates at 30 days. Early follow-up evaluation is critical for assessing patient clinical status outside the hospital setting.
Researchers report that patients who undergo non-cardiac surgery within six weeks of receiving a coronary stent are more likely to experience reduced blood flow to the heart, heart attack, and death. The risk is higher for those with recent heart attacks.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals a 50% decrease in the number of patients listed for a second liver transplant within three years, indicating improved treatment outcomes for some patients with hepatitis B. Researchers found that new medications have improved ability to control hepatitis B recurrence.
A University of Illinois study monitored rat snakes and bird nests in fragmented forest areas, finding that rats spend more time on edges than thought, making interior nests safer. The study suggests preserving unfragmented forest habitats to conserve birds.
A study by Kaiser Permanente found that pneumococcal vaccination was not associated with a reduced risk of acute heart attack and stroke in men aged 45-69. The study, which included over 84,000 participants, showed no significant difference in myocardial infarction or stroke events between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
A PLOS Medicine article examines the challenges of increasing global access to influenza vaccines, citing disagreements between developed and developing countries as a major obstacle. The author calls for further research on ways to address these issues through collective action.
A field study found that intermediate testosterone production is associated with increased survival and reproductive success in male dark-eyed juncos. The researchers also discovered that high and low testosterone levels lead to decreased survival rates, contradicting previous expectations.
Researchers found that flaxseed-enriched diets decreased late-stage ovarian tumor severity and increased survival rates in hens. The study also showed improved weight control and reduced metastatic spread in hens fed the flaxseed diet, suggesting potential benefits for human ovarian cancer treatment.
Researchers found that older adults with late-life depression don't respond normally to emotional stimuli, making treatment more challenging. This study highlights the importance of emotion in understanding late-life depression and developing effective therapies.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have made a breakthrough in understanding how butyrate helps the intestine grow and become more functional. Butyrate increases the creation of intestinal cells and fortifies them by increasing the transcription of a protein called GLUT2, which plays an important role in intestinal function.
A recent study found that gastric cancer incidence has declined globally over the past 30 years for all age groups and races, except for young white adults. The majority of noncardia gastric cancers are attributed to chronic Helicobacter pylori infection.
Research at Mayo Clinic reveals stool DNA testing can identify two types of colorectal pre-cancers in IBD patients and serrated polyps. The tests show a high detection rate for these precancerous lesions, offering promise for improving colon cancer prevention.
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that traumatic experiences alter genes involved in stress response and immune system, leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study identified six to seven times more unmethylated genes in individuals with PTSD, most related to the immune system.
Researchers found significant differences in hemoglobin A1c response to blood glucose between African-American and Caucasian children with diabetes. The study suggests that doctors may be misinformed about blood glucose levels in African-American patients, leading to life-threatening hypoglycemia and increased complications.
A study of over 30,000 Medicare beneficiaries found that fewer than 40% received follow-up care within seven days of discharge. Patients with consistent follow-up were 15% less likely to be readmitted within 30 days. Implementing a simple follow-up system can prevent readmissions and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers discovered that metformin disables the mTOR complex through RAG GTPase, rather than activating TSC proteins via AMPK. This finding raises the possibility of using metformin more widely to treat cancer and diseases linked to TSC deficiency.
A new method for detecting and genetically identifying salmonella from contaminated foods can provide DNA sequencing-like results in hours, rather than days. This could help recognize outbreaks sooner and stop tainted food from being delivered.
Researchers found growth hormone increases sprint capacity by 4-5% in athletes, but no effect on muscle mass. Athletes experienced swelling and joint pain with growth hormone use.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that pneumococcal vaccination has no association with reduced risk of heart attacks or strokes. Researchers used electronic health records to follow 84,170 ethnically diverse California men for an average of five years.
A fish model experiment reverses an earlier finding linking early life UVA exposure to melanoma development. The study finds that UVB exposure is a significant cause of melanoma in the model, contradicting previous research. This new evidence sheds light on the role of UVA and UVB in skin cancer.
Researchers discovered a rare species of solitary bee that lines its underground nests with petals from various flowers. This unique behavior provides essential nutrients for the larvae's growth and protects them from the harsh winter conditions.
A recent study found that women taking hormonal contraceptives were at highest risk for Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD), while those using non-hormonal contraceptives had the lowest risk. The researchers also discovered a significant association between smoking status and total sexual function scores.
Researchers at Duke Clinical Research Institute found that telaprevir significantly improves response rates in patients with difficult-to-treat hepatitis C cases. The study also suggests a potential link between aspirin use and the development of inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease.
Researchers have found that parvoviruses can completely regress malignant brain tumors in rats and human gliomas. The viruses target cancer cells without affecting healthy tissue, making them a potential new approach to treating glioblastoma.
Research found that short sleep (less than 6 hours) increases mortality risk by 12%, while long sleep (over 9 hours) can be a marker of serious illness. The study of over 1.3 million participants suggests that consistent sleep duration is an additional behavioral risk factor.
Patients who undergo gastric cancer surgery followed by chemotherapy have a lower risk of death and improved disease-free survival compared to those who receive surgery alone. The analysis found an 18% reduction in the risk of death and improved overall survival with chemotherapy.
A team of researchers will investigate how chromosomes untangle to expose genes that give cells their biological traits. They will tackle three independent projects: disassembling nucleosomes to reveal gene DNA, understanding protein facilitation of assembly and disassembly, and studying nucleosome movement in living yeast cells.
Researchers recommend stabilizing carbon dioxide concentrations, fashioning warming-neutral pollution laws, and achieving immediate cooling through reductions in greenhouse gases. The proposed strategies aim to reduce the probability of reaching the temperature threshold to less than 10 percent before 2050.
The medical home prototype improved quality of care, patient experiences, and clinician well-being, with significant cost savings through reduced emergency visits and hospitalizations. The study's findings support the model's ability to address healthcare concerns and provide recommendations for implementation.
Researchers calculated that a warming of 12 degrees Fahrenheit would cause some areas to surpass the wet-bulb temperature limit, while a 21-degree warming would put half of the world's population in an uninhabitable environment. Prolonged temperatures above 95 degrees could be intolerable for hours.
A recent study found that drivers who delay license reinstatement after suspension have higher recidivism rates and create danger on the roads. Drivers with more alcohol citations and prior DUI convictions are less likely to reinstate promptly.
Children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis who received azithromycin did not experience improved lung function compared to those receiving placebo. However, they showed a significant reduction in pulmonary exacerbations and weight gain.
A study shows that public fear of disease can lead to overcrowding in emergency departments, even when the actual disease is not present. The American Academy of Pediatrics calls for responsible media coverage of public health emergencies to prevent unnecessary strain on medical facilities.
Researchers have identified a unique set of proteins in glaucomatous eyes that may help diagnose and treat the condition. The protein profile is linked to changes in the trabecular meshwork, which could lead to new therapeutic strategies.