A study found that long-term antibiotic use for acne decreased S. aureus colonization by nearly 70%, with no increased resistance to tetracycline antibiotics observed. This contradicts current dogma about long-term antibiotic use, suggesting further research is needed.
Research suggests that high vitamin D levels are associated with a reduced risk of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in women under 75. Higher vitamin D intake from food and supplements is linked to lower AMD risk, while sun exposure does not show a significant correlation.
Researchers successfully fabricate and test a new type of solar cell using inorganic core/shell nanowire structures with high bandgap semiconductors. The device efficiently absorbs visible wavelength light and shows potential as an affordable and durable solar energy solution.
Researchers discovered that injecting DKK2 improved vascular regeneration in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. This suggests potential for pharmacological manipulation to treat various vascular diseases.
Women under 75 with high vitamin D levels have lower risk of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while those with low levels are at increased risk. The study found that women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations above 38 nanomoles per liter had a 44% decreased odds of developing AMD.
Researchers found that vaccinating 50-70% of people in high-risk areas after the outbreak would reduce morbidity and mortality by roughly 50%. A mobile stockpile of oral cholera vaccine could be deployed to mitigate future epidemics, especially in developing countries with poor sanitation infrastructure.
Researchers found that umbilical cord blood-derived mensenchymal stem cells (uMSCs) can delay renal function deterioration and alleviate symptoms of lupus nephritis. Early transplantation with allogenic MSCs showed the most promising results, supporting their potential use in treating systemic lupus erythematosus.
Researchers found that larger social wasp bodies are linked to larger brains and more devoted brain tissue for social interactions, learning, and memory. Queens had larger central processing areas than worker wasps.
Children with inborn errors of metabolism received vaccines on the same schedule as healthy infants without significant increases in ER visits or hospitalizations. However, smaller subsets of children may be at increased risk for adverse events during the immediate post-vaccination period.
Whitehead Institute researchers found that differentiated cells in breast tissue can convert to a stem-cell-like state, challenging scientific dogma. This behavior may have implications for cancer therapeutics and degenerative disease therapy.
A new study suggests that less invasive lymph-node biopsy can accurately diagnose lymph node status in patients with early stage endometrial cancer, reducing the risk of surgical complications. The procedure has been shown to be safe and effective, with a negative predictive value of 97% and sensitivity of 84%.
Climate change increases plant vulnerability to infectious disease, threatening crop yield and food security. Exploiting crop diversity is crucial for improving resilience to pathogens and stresses.
A new pharmacogenetics test developed by Dr. Tara Sander can help identify the correct genotype and dosage for individuals, reducing adverse drug reactions and increasing effectiveness. The test has a 96% accuracy rate and holds promise for Personalized Medicine and forensic investigation.
ThinkSpace, a computer interface developed at Iowa State University, is helping students tackle real-world problems in the horticulture classroom. The platform leverages the classroom experience into something students can use at work, making connections between theoretical knowledge and practical applications.
Researchers have developed a collection of nearly 800 yeast cell strains to study essential genes, which are crucial for life processes. The new genetic tool allows scientists to investigate the function of these genes at different temperatures.
A study found that media exposure to idealized body shapes improves women's body satisfaction, at least initially. However, this effect is often accompanied by increased dieting behavior and ultimately unsustainable body image.
Researchers measured heat variations in the cave and found that tourist visits caused minimal temperature increases. The effects of tourism disappeared shortly after the number of tourists fell.
A University of Houston researcher is developing new class of contrasting agents by using iron nanostructures to provide color to MRI images. This will enable easier interpretation and identification of internal tissues. The technology also has potential applications in tracking stem cells and targeting cancer cells.
Research into fracking in Pennsylvania reveals industry neglect of local communities, chemical cocktail risks, and environmental concerns. The study's findings have sparked a national debate on balancing economic benefits with public health and environmental safety.
A prediction model that includes data on measures of several routinely obtained laboratory tests accurately predicted the short-term risk of kidney failure for patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. The researchers used demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from over 7,000 patients with CKD stages 3 to 5.
Researchers identified nine environmental E. coli strains indistinguishable from typical E. coli but potentially not representative of true environmental hazards. The findings suggest the need for a new culture-independent, genome-based coliform test to accurately detect non-hazardous environmental types of E. coli.
Researchers have developed a new technique using light-sensitive molecules and antibodies to target tumour blood vessels, starving cancer cells of oxygen and nutrients. The treatment was shown to completely eradicate some models of skin cancer in clinical trials.
Improved pain management can significantly reduce disability in older adults, associated with increased sleep difficulty and numerous problems. Strategies include physical activity, pain protocol interventions, and medication use to optimize patient well-being.
A study found that parents' pain catastrophizing scores predict their adult children's results, regardless of actual pain levels. This suggests that families may develop a specific cognitive style of dealing with pain. The researchers assessed 285 participants, including 100 patients with chronic pain and their adult children.
A study found that childhood cancer survivors suffer from sleep problems and fatigue, negatively impacting their attention and memory. Addressing sleep hygiene may help improve cognitive health in these individuals.
A study of over 11,500 children found that consuming white potatoes in meals increases the intake of other vegetables and essential nutrients like potassium and fiber. Potatoes were not linked to higher rates of obesity or overweight in children.
A study published in Journal of Vision found that pigeons recognize human faces and emotional expressions in a way similar to humans. The researchers suggest that both specialized and general processes are involved in face recognition, contradicting previous assumptions about uniquely human cognitive processes.
A recent study found no significant impact of hormonal status on eight distinct voice parameters in women. The researchers assessed 175 voice samples from 35 participants and used computerized acoustical analysis to measure various voice characteristics.
A study from UNC School of Medicine found that saturated fatty acids activate immune cells to produce inflammatory protein interleukin-1beta, leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms.
A study of 26,643 U.S. adults found that combining creatinine, cystatin C, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved prediction of end-stage renal disease and all-cause death. The researchers identified a 3-fold risk of death and 4-fold risk of end-stage renal disease associated with the combined markers.
A new genetic study suggests that the evolution of flowering plants was 'jump started' by two major upheavals in the plant genome, occurring nearly 200 million years ago. These events produced thousands of new genes that drove the evolutionary explosion leading to the diverse range of present-day flowering plants.
Researchers found that blueberry polyphenols suppress adipocyte differentiation and reduce lipid content in mice tissue cultures. The highest dose yielded a 73% decrease in lipids.
Researchers found drinking during early pregnancy increased risk of premature birth and low birth weight, while heavy drinkers were more likely to have unplanned pregnancies and very premature births. The study emphasized the need for improved detection of alcohol misuse in pregnancy.
New research shows that warmer sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean drive atmospheric circulation that brings warmer temperatures to West Antarctica during winter and spring. This is driven by a Rossby wave train pattern, which can account for half to all of the observed winter temperature changes in West Antarctica.
Storing fruits and vegetables in ozone-enriched environments significantly reduces microbial spoilage, with up to 95% disease prevention after 8 days. Ozone treatment is a viable alternative to pesticides, leaving no residues on foods.
Researchers have found that flu virus infection is necessary for pneumococcal bacteria to efficiently spread between individuals. The study has implications for managing influenza pandemics and reducing pneumococcal infections in young children, who are highly susceptible.
A study found that organically-labeled foods were perceived as tastier and lower in calories, leading participants to consume more. Researchers confirmed the 'health halo' effect surrounding organic foods, which could influence food choices and consumption.
The new study creates a detailed image of the Yellowstone plume's electrical conductivity, showing it dips more gently and extends farther east-west. The geoelectric image suggests the plume may be enveloped by a broader sheath of partly molten rock and liquids.
In a one-year clinical trial, an investigational combination of drugs achieved unprecedented weight loss of up to 10 percent in obese individuals. The study found significant reductions in blood pressure, hemoglobin A1C, and inflammatory markers, as well as improvements in cholesterol and triglycerides.
DNA can alter protein structure and function, leading to targeted therapies for diseases like osteoporosis and cancer. The study used HDX mass spectrometry to detect these long-range structural effects, revealing a complex biochemical dialogue between receptor, ligand, coregulatory proteins, and DNA.
Scientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison have successfully grown a recently discovered species of human rhinovirus (HRV) in culture using nasal tissue. This achievement sheds light on HRV-C, a new member of the HRV family, and its unique growth requirements, which may lead to new antiviral compounds.
Researchers harness the power of fast-replicating bacterial viruses to evolve biomolecules in the laboratory, generating enzymes with desired properties in just weeks. The phage-assisted continuous evolution approach allows for rapid generation of proteins and nucleic acids with tailored properties.
New research by Dr Elissaios Papyrakis and Dr Geethanjali Selvaretnam suggests that religious organisations should highlight social and spiritual benefits to attract younger members. The study found that life expectancy discourages young people from participating in religion, leading to older congregations.
A study found that green tea and tai chi can enhance bone strength and reduce inflammation in postmenopausal women. The combination of moderate green tea consumption and tai chi practice showed significant benefits in bone markers, muscle strength, and quality of life.
Dr. Larissa Shimoda's research focuses on understanding the mechanisms behind hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, a condition affecting patients with chronic lung diseases. Her work identifies key changes in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells that contribute to the development of the condition.
A team of researchers from Rockefeller University has carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the antiviral activity of interferon-induced factors, revealing unique subsets of genes that inhibit various viruses. The study found that specific combinations of genes can be more potent than individual ones in suppressing viral replication.
Scientists have developed a new technique to map both connections and functions of nerve cells in the brain for the first time. The 'connectomics' approach aims to understand how perceptions, sensations, and thoughts are generated in the brain, with potential applications in diseases like Alzheimer's and schizophrenia.
A new two-drug combination of phentermine and topiramate achieves more than double the weight loss of orlistat and compares favorably with emerging drugs. The treatment also improves blood pressure, lipids, glycaemia, and inflammatory markers.
Cardiac stem cell treatment is being explored as an option for treating heart failure. Dr. Bolli's study, SCIPIO, aims to perfect a technique using a patient's own cardiac stem cells to regenerate dead heart muscle after a heart attack. Results show promising improvements in patients' physical capabilities and ejection fraction.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a superior method for immobilizing enzymes on surfaces, enabling precise control over their orientation. This technique uses high-affinity peptides to covalently bind enzymes, increasing efficiency and stability.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have created a simplified, cheaper method to generate functional heart cells from blood cells, reducing the risk of viral mutation and cancer. The process has shown high efficiency rates, with 94.5% beating heart cells formed in 11 different stem cell lines.
Researchers identified a new treatment for periodic fever syndrome, targeting the body's immune response. The therapy shows promise in reducing fever and inflammation symptoms without increasing flare-ups, differing from current corticosteroid treatment. A larger clinical trial is planned to validate the findings.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that dopamine controls the formation of new neurons in the adult brain by acting as a switch for stem cells. The study used salamanders, which can recover from Parkinson's-like conditions, to understand how dopamine regulates neural regeneration.
Researchers have observed a rise in 'naked' penguin chicks with feather-loss disorder in both Argentina and South Africa, causing concern among scientists. The disorder is thought to be related to increased energy spent on thermoregulation, potentially linked to pathogens, thyroid disorders, or nutrient imbalances.
A meta-analysis found that invasive plant species cause large losses in biodiversity at small scales but have a negligible impact at broader scales. This contradicts the common view of invasive plants as major threats to native biodiversity. The study suggests that the effect of invasive plants on native species extinctions decreases w...
Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris awarded for their systematic investigation into human values and value change impacting political behavior, with a focus on religion, gender equality, and global media influence. The prize recognizes their groundbreaking work in highlighting the importance of citizens' values in shaping societal life.
New research from the University of Oregon found that breast cancer awareness campaigns have reduced fluctuations in diagnoses, with most cases now linked to routine screenings. The study suggests that increased awareness and advocacy efforts have led to better screening rates among American women.
Researchers study sea squirts' simple body structure to unravel complex mechanisms of heart formation, shedding light on GATA's role in congenital heart defects. Disrupting GATA function independently in the developing gut preserves heart cell identity, while disrupting it in heart precursor cells causes limbo-like state.
A recent study published in European Heart Journal found that high plasma renin activity (PRA) levels may predict cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. By measuring PRA levels, doctors can assess a patient's risk and introduce therapies to lower their PRA levels, potentially preventing heart attacks or strokes.
The US Department of Justice has recognized UC Irvine's Elder Abuse Forensic Center for its efforts to prevent elder abuse, with Attorney General Eric Holder praising the center and its founder Dr. Laura Mosqueda for their outstanding work.