New research provides key clues to looping morphogenesis, helping diagnose conditions like gastric torsion in large breeds and malrotation in babies. The study's findings could also aid in understanding the formation of other organs, such as hearts and vascular systems.
A consortium of universities, small companies, and bigger players in the energy sector has developed a novel approach to reviving biofuels. The project focuses on redesigning engines to adapt to non-conventional fuels, resulting in less noisy and longer-lasting engines.
A research team led by Franz Klein has analyzed the mechanism of meiosis at high resolution, finding that DNA-break machines are tightly associated with chromosomal axis regions. This discovery sheds light on how breaks on chromosomes impede other breaks in their vicinity and how shape changes influence the function of these machines.
CSIRO scientists rely on international cooperation to deploy Argo ocean and climate monitoring instruments, as Somali pirates operate in the region. The program offers crucial data for understanding Australian and south Asian weather patterns.
A study published in Psychological Medicine found that psychiatrists are not regularly monitoring patients for metabolic complications associated with antipsychotic medication. The researchers reviewed over 300,000 individuals across five countries and found that only half of patients had blood pressure and triglyceride checks conducted.
Ralph Roskies, PSC's scientific co-director, has been appointed to the National Library of Medicine's Board of Regents for a four-year term. He brings expertise in bioinformatics and high-performance computing to the role.
X-class flares are the largest explosions in the solar system, producing as much energy as a billion hydrogen bombs. These powerful events can cause long-lasting radiation storms that harm satellites, communications systems, and ground-based technologies.
A new study using Saccharomyces cerevisiae found that yeast cells grow and reproduce better in multicellular clumps than singly, especially in dilute sugar solutions. This cooperative behavior increases the chances of each cell taking in enough nutrients to grow and divide.
Concordia researchers Carsten Wrosch and Jesse Renaud find that persistent bitterness can lead to global feelings of anger and hostility affecting physical health. They propose recognizing bitterness as post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED), requiring therapeutic intervention for affected individuals.
Paleontologists have found over 20 polar dinosaur tracks in Victoria, Australia, offering insights into the animals' behavior during a period of pronounced global warming. The tracks belong to three different sizes of small theropods and may have been made by three species.
Patricia Soranno is pioneering landscape limnology, a new field of research that studies bodies of water as integrated elements in the landscape. The goal is to create a new understanding for natural resource managers to address unique freshwater resources in a landscape context.
Researchers found that a diet of flaxseed protects lung tissues before and after exposure to radiation, reducing damage and improving survival rates in mice. Flaxseed's bioactive lignan component is believed to confer its antioxidant properties, making it an attractive radioprotector and mitigator.
Engineered from muscle and nerve cells, the functional anal sphincters showed normal tissue function and developed a blood supply when implanted in mice. This breakthrough suggests a potential future treatment for both fecal and urinary incontinence.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have developed a new technique to rapidly access brain landmarks, enabling better brain maps and insights into how the healthy brain works. The technique speeds up long-distance signaling by mapping myelination levels, shedding light on brain evolution and function.
Researchers built upon a previous study to demonstrate how naturally occurring sugars and amino acids can form the building blocks of life. They found that adding simple amino acids allowed only the natural, stable form of RNA precursors to be generated.
Researchers found that injecting mice with killed baker's yeast protected them from fatal aspergillosis and reduced infection load. The study suggests a 'panfungal' vaccine could protect against multiple fungal infections in immunocompromised individuals.
The August 2011 Geosphere issue explores the tectonic influence on the Surveyor Fan and Channel system in the Gulf of Alaska and reviews advancements in measuring currents in submarine canyons. It also delves into the origin and evolution of the Sierra Nevada magmatic arc and the consequences of lithospheric removal in California.
Elderly women with sleep apnea are twice as likely to develop dementia in five years, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Oxygen deprivation may be the key factor leading to diminished cognition.
Commercial serological tests used to detect active TB do not accurately diagnose the disease, often producing false positives or negatives. In contrast, sputum smear microscopy is found to be more cost-effective and should take priority in tuberculosis control efforts.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center are receiving $1 million each from the Prostate Cancer Foundation to develop a vaccine that boosts patients' immune systems against prostate cancer. The goal of this treatment is to directly attack prostate-cancer cells and potentially be less expensive and more easily disseminated.
Researchers at UCLA have created a novel concept for harvesting and recycling energy from LCD screens, which can convert ambient light into electricity. This technology has the potential to improve the efficiency of LCD displays and potentially harvest 75% of wasted photons from LCD backlights.
Researchers found that curcumin can suppress inflammation in tendon diseases, potentially reducing reliance on NSAIDs. This natural compound could be used to treat tendinitis and other inflammatory conditions.
Research shows that a student's perspective can determine success or failure in school. For students with low working memories, there is little difference in performance related to cortisol production or math anxiety. In contrast, for students with high working memories, a positive outlook can lead to better performance under stress.
A systematic review found that taking aspirin during IVF did not increase a woman's chances of becoming pregnant. There is limited evidence on the potential benefits and risks of aspirin use in IVF, with some studies suggesting improved blood flow to the womb and ovaries.
Archaeologists have uncovered a 3,000-year-old lion sculpture adorning a citadel gate complex in southeastern Turkey. The find provides valuable insight into the cultural sophistication of Iron Age states in the eastern Mediterranean.
Researchers found that NPM-ALK silences the tumor suppressor gene IL-2Rγ in cancer cells, leading to cell death. The discovery presents a potential new target for treating lymphoma and other types of cancer.
A study found that narcissistic leaders inhibit the free exchange of information, leading to poorer decision-making outcomes. Narcissism is not a trait beneficial for everyday leadership in organizations.
A team of experts from five universities and two government research institutes aims to create new materials for high-performance applications. They plan to build 3D networks of carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets to produce strong electrical and thermal conductivity.
A Miriam Hospital study found that male and female smokers who completed a 12-week resistance training regimen were twice as likely to successfully quit compared to those without weight lifting. The study also showed long-lasting effects, with 15% of participants maintaining their quit attempt three months after the study.
The special 'Fragile Earth' field guide examines records and recording tools of geological processes, including plate motions and deep crustal structure. The conference in Munich, Germany, focuses on global to local scales and associated hazards and resources.
Research found that small 'sneaker' males produce larger sperm than large, competing males. This adaptation allows them to increase their chances of fertilizing female eggs.
A University of Iowa research team discovered a new genetic cause of retinitis pigmentosa by analyzing DNA sequencing and induced pluripotent stem cells. The study identified a mutation in the MAK gene as the likely cause of the disease, which affects about 1 in 4,000 people in the US.
Women should have open discussions with their doctors about individualized breast cancer screening timing, considering personal preferences, risk factors, and understanding of mammogram benefits and harms. This is particularly important for women under 50, who may be subjected to false positives and unnecessary procedures.
A new Cochrane systematic review shows that music can reduce anxiety in cancer patients, with positive effects on mood, pain, and quality of life. The results also suggest that music therapy may increase patients' quality of life and have smaller beneficial effects on heart rate and blood pressure.
Researchers have discovered a dual-action treatment combining steroids within a viscosupplement that provides superior pain relief and improved function. Hydros-TA Joint Therapy shows promise as a next-generation osteoarthritis treatment, offering faster onset and longer-lasting results.
According to a commentary in JAMA, the individual mandate would strengthen the patient-physician relationship, increase access to health insurance coverage, and stabilize insurance premiums. This could lead to reduced costs and increased life expectancy for patients.
A study by Penn State researchers found that road graders can spread seeds of invasive plants, such as Japanese stilt grass, several orders of magnitude further than natural dispersal. The rapid spread of these plants can outcompete native vegetation and cause significant ecological damage.
Researchers developed a method to translate actor motions into three-dimensional face models, subdividing them into regions for intuitive animation control. This allows animators to rapidly create realistic characters with natural expressions.
Duke University engineer Nico Hotz proposes a hybrid system that uses sunlight to heat water and methanol, producing hydrogen more efficiently than current technology. The resulting hydrogen can be stored and used as fuel, making it a promising alternative to fossil fuels.
The pharmaceutical industry is accused of manipulating medical journal authorship rules to conceal its contributions. Alastair Matheson argues that the current International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines allow for industry exaggeration and downplaying of commercial writers' roles.
A new Johns Hopkins research published in JAMA finds that younger black patients on kidney dialysis face a higher risk of death compared to equally sick white counterparts. The study highlights a long-standing racial disparity in outcomes for African-American patients with end-stage kidney disease.
A new population model explains Atlantic herring population trends driven by haddock egg predation. The study suggests that when haddock populations are high, conservative fishing efforts can trigger severe declines in herring populations due to predation on eggs.
New research reveals that established forests remove 2.4 billion tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere annually, equivalent to one third of current annual fossil fuel emissions. This is a significant breakthrough demonstrating how forests impact atmospheric CO2 levels through tree growth and expansion.
Scientists have discovered nucleobases, building blocks of genetic material, in meteorites that suggest an extraterrestrial origin. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, indicate that certain meteorites brought these compounds to Earth, providing a possible source for life.
Researchers at Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new technique for motion capture using body-mounted cameras. The system uses structure from motion (SfM) to reconstruct an actor's movements in real-time, enabling capturing of complex motions like running or swinging outside.
Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center have shown that chimpanzees exhibit a significant bias for prosocial behavior, particularly towards partners who are patient. The study's findings confirm the altruistic nature of chimpanzees, suggesting human altruism may not be as rare as previously thought.
Researchers found that women share more about their infertility than men, and they often turn to other women for support. Couples adjust their information-sharing habits based on each partner's feelings of stigma and societal pressure.
Researchers at UCLA have found that adult human cardiac myocytes lose their ability to proliferate due to their primitive state being incompatible with proper heart function. This knowledge could lead to reprogramming a patient's own cardiac myocytes to replace damaged heart muscle, potentially revolutionizing treatments for heart cond...
A new study published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that carpal tunnel syndrome patients prefer to share decision-making with their physicians. Patients who had undergone previous surgical procedures, had caregivers, or additional private insurance were more likely to assume an active role in the decision-making process.
A new study reveals that female mosquitoes cannot detect the fertility status of their mates, making it difficult to control mosquito populations and prevent the spread of malaria. Researchers found that females will mate with both fertile and spermless males, leading to a loss of reproductive opportunities.
Smokers who light up within 30 minutes of waking are 1.79 times more likely to develop lung cancer and 1.59 times more likely to develop head and neck cancer compared to those who delay smoking for over an hour. Targeted smoking cessation programs may help reduce tobacco's negative health effects.
A recent study suggests that a spike in oil prices could bring together conservatives and liberals on energy policy due to its potential impact on public health. 76% of respondents believe oil prices are likely to triple in the next five years, with strong conservatives being the most sensitive to these risks.
A new study found that some hospitals have high rates of finding CAD during cardiac catheterization, while others have low rates. Hospitals with lower rates were more likely to perform procedures on younger patients, women, and those with atypical symptoms.
A cross-sectional study found that older patients with heart failure and low left ventricle function experience reduced verbal memory performance, particularly delayed recall and recognition. The association between heart failure severity and cognitive impairment is complex and warrants further research.
The NASA National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Preparatory Project (NPP) has successfully completed its most comprehensive end-to-end compatibility test. The NPP satellite contains a suite of five sensors that will make measurements to continue producing key data products about Earth.
Los Alamos researchers successfully observed the elusive hydronium ion for the first time using neutrons, revealing its crucial role in enzyme-catalyzed reactions and protein transport. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding biochemical systems and treating diseases such as acid reflux.
A global survey suggests that religious people are happier than non-religious individuals in societies facing stress and hardship. However, in more affluent societies with social supports, the relationship between religion and happiness is less clear-cut.
A young researcher has successfully designed an optical device that can slow down light, enabling the creation of a practical invisibility cloak. This breakthrough could allow for the development of camouflage technology in various colors and scenarios.
Researchers discovered a DNA biomarker, GSTP1, in bodily fluids that can complement the PSA test to increase prostate cancer diagnosis accuracy. The new blood test may reduce unnecessary biopsies and provide physicians with reassurance about biopsy recommendations.
Tiny particles in liquids form cluster crystals that exhibit regular structures and flow like strings under mechanical strain, altering viscosity. The behavior is the same for all types of cluster crystals, with critical strains predicted using a simple theoretical model.