Scientists have created a new system that uses two video cameras and advanced computer software to study ocean waves in real-time. The technology can help explain the dynamics of near-shore waves and provide accurate insights into coastal erosion.
Researchers found that IFN-a priming promotes lipid uptake and foam cell formation in lupus patients, increasing the risk of premature plaque build-up. This activation of the IFN signaling pathway may be linked to the increased cardiovascular risk in SLE patients.
Researchers found that a single DNA variation helps protect African-Americans from coronary artery disease, with those having the alternative genetic code having a fivefold reduction in artery narrowing or clogging. The protective effect is even more pronounced when individuals inherit two copies of the guanine gene variant.
Researchers found that fusion protein API2-MALT1 links with enzyme NIK, splitting it in half and making it stronger. This results in cancer-causing activity, with tumors becoming more aggressive and resistant to treatment. Blocking NIK or preventing its stability may halt tumor growth.
A team of scientists has mapped the genome of orangutans, providing a new tool for conservation efforts and shedding light on the evolution of primates. The study reveals unique features of the orangutan genome, including fast-evolving genes related to visual perception and metabolic processes.
A deficiency in a protein that fends off aging-related cellular damage may set the stage for estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive breast tumors to develop. Researchers have identified a link between this protein and increased levels of reactive oxygen species, providing a potential biomarker for these tumors.
Researchers identified four shared genetic risk loci for celiac disease and Crohn's disease, suggesting a common underlying mechanism. The study provides evidence that risk factors shared across related diseases can be identified by combining genetic data from clinically distinct conditions.
The European Diabetes Research Network, funded by the EU, will investigate the possible role of virus infection in causing type 1 diabetes. The network aims to develop a vaccine to prevent diabetes in children and improve diagnosis and patient care.
A new international study reveals that warming North Atlantic Ocean water is likely tied to the amplification of global warming in the Arctic. Water temperatures in the Fram Strait, which runs between Greenland and Svalbard, have warmed by roughly 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit in the past century.
A recent study found that only 28% of high school biology teachers implement National Research Council recommendations on evolution, while 13% explicitly advocate creationism. The remaining 60% use strategies to avoid controversy, undermining scientific literacy and legitizing creationist arguments.
Researchers at the University of Exeter found that zebra finches with like-minded partners raised healthier chicks than those with dissimilar dispositions. The study suggests improved cooperation and coordination of effort may contribute to better parenting outcomes.
The unemployment rate for SEH doctorate recipients was 1.7 percent in October 2008, compared to 6.6 percent for the total US labor force. The report found no significant difference in employment rates between recent and pre-2006 recipients.
Researchers identified a gene signature that can accurately assess which breast cancer patients are at risk of relapse. The test has the potential to identify low-risk patients who may not require aggressive treatments, balancing risks against benefits.
A study published in Circulation found that heart stem cells from children with congenital heart disease can rebuild damaged hearts in a laboratory setting. The number of heart stem cells decreases with age, but they are highest in neonates and located in the right atrium.
The study proposes an 'anytime' intelligence test that can be applied to any subject, system, or level of intelligence, providing a universal evaluation framework for human and artificial intelligence. This breakthrough has significant implications for cognitive sciences and the development of future intelligent systems.
The University of Oklahoma is establishing an Institute for Water and Sustainability, including the Oklahoma Water Survey, to benefit Oklahoma and the nation. The institute will provide research and data for informed decision-making regarding water conservation and use.
The Lancet Editorial warns that the UK government's Health and Social Care Bill will fundamentally change the National Health Service (NHS), shifting from a national to individualized care model. The proposed reforms have sparked fears about patient outcomes, access to healthcare, and the overall future of the NHS.
A nationwide study has found a significant rise in running-related injuries among children and adolescents between 1994 and 2007. The research indicates that over 225,000 cases were treated in US emergency departments during this period.
A physics-based space weather prediction model is now in operation, offering a one-to-four day warning of high-speed solar plasma streams and Earth-directed coronal mass ejections. This development addresses the growing need to protect global communications infrastructure from severe space weather disruptions.
Researchers analyzed over 20,000 patients who took simvastatin and found that statins reduced major vascular events by the same amount regardless of CRP levels. The results suggest that baseline CRP concentration or inflammation status does not impact the benefits of statin therapy.
Jason Hafner's research on gold nanostars has led to breakthroughs in sensing, imaging, and medicine. He also discovered a method to measure large electrical fields inside cell membranes.
Scientists at the University of Michigan have identified a crucial biochemical pathway involved in catch-up growth, which is triggered by changes in oxygen levels. The research has implications for understanding why babies who experience catch-up growth are at higher risk for later life health problems.
NextCAT Inc., a Detroit-based company, has received $250,000 in seed funding from Automation Alley to commercialize biodiesel catalyst technology developed at Wayne State University. This technology enables the use of cost-effective raw materials, such as waste vegetable oil and animal fats, to produce biodiesel.
A new study questions US Task Force recommendations for breast cancer screening, finding that starting at a younger age and screening more frequently saves more lives. The research found that women who undergo yearly mammograms between ages 40-49 have a 40% reduction in breast cancer deaths.
The partnership will bring new benefits to members, including an online-only relaunch of the Wildlife Society Bulletin. Wiley-Blackwell's diverse publication portfolio and global reach make them a natural fit for publishing The Journal of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Monographs.
Researchers at Vancouver Coastal Health and UBC found that mini-strokes can create lasting damage to the brain, even when symptoms resolve quickly. The study used transcranial magnetic stimulation to detect changes in brain cells, showing a significant increase in excitability on the affected side.
A recent study by Notre Dame biologists highlights the growing issue of endangered plants being sold online, often illegally, and moved outside their native range. The researchers warn of the dangers of unchecked species redistribution, which can lead to environmental harm and economic costs, including damage to crops and ecosystems.
Researchers sequenced 240 samples to understand how S. pneumoniae bacteria evolves and adapts genetically in response to human interventions, revealing patterns of adaptation and spread of a drug-resistant lineage. The study suggests that knowing the enemy better could improve infection control measures.
A recent study from the University of Texas at Austin found that men are more than twice as likely to continue dating a girlfriend who has cheated on them with another woman. In contrast, women show the opposite pattern and are more likely to stay in relationships following a man's infidelity. The researchers suggest that this disparit...
Penn State has received $2.2 million contracts from the US Department of Defense and USDA to establish a clearinghouse for military family readiness, promoting science-based information and evidence-based programs to support resilient families.
Research suggests that specific bacteria in the placenta during pregnancy may contribute to preterm birth and inflammatory responses. Placentas colonized by bacteria commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis showed elevated pro-inflammatory proteins in newborns, while those colonized by Lactobacillus species had lower levels.
Scientists have identified 27,755 potential enzyme genes and found 57% to be active against cellulosic plant material. The bovine rumen is a promising habitat for finding plant-degrading enzymes for second-generation biofuels.
Recent research reveals significant changes in China's lakes over the past several decades, with a decline in lake surface area and number, and creation of new lakes. Climate change and human activity are contributing factors, highlighting the need for more detailed regional studies to confirm these observations.
A Norwegian study found that mothers' satisfaction with their relationship during pregnancy is a strong predictor of overall satisfaction, peaking at 6 months old. However, both forms of satisfaction decline over time during infancy and toddlerhood.
Researchers discovered that filaree seeds have a spring mechanism that stores energy in their dry awns, which act as springs to launch the seeds by up to 0.5m. This unique mechanism allows the seeds to drill into the ground and germinate, contributing to the plant's success.
Gabor Somorjai has been recognized with the prestigious BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award for his groundbreaking work in surface chemistry and catalysis. His research has led to significant advancements in fields such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and automotive industries.
Researchers have identified a single 'master switch' enzyme, aldose reductase, as crucial in producing excess mucous that clogs airways of people with asthma and COPD. The discovery could lead to improved therapies for the 510 million people worldwide suffering from these diseases.
A new study from Henry Ford Hospital finds that surgery greatly reduces daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea compared to other non-surgical treatments. The study shows a significant improvement in Epworth Sleepiness Score after surgery, with a 50% reduction in apnea/hypopnea events during sleep.
Researchers from Georgia Tech developed a new method to combine top-gate organic field-effect transistors with a bilayer gate insulator, allowing for stable operation in various environments. The transistor can be mass produced at lower temperatures and is compatible with plastic devices.
A new study has found that modern humans may have reached the Arabian Peninsula as far back as 125,000 years ago. This discovery challenges current estimates of human migration out of Africa and sheds light on the technological innovations that allowed early humans to thrive in the region.
Scientists from the Victor Chang Institute have discovered a key clue to understanding why certain medications cause abnormal heart rhythms. By studying the hERG potassium channel, they found that many common drugs bind to this channel when the outer gate is closed, blocking ions and increasing the risk of arrhythmia.
Scientists discovered that bacteria acquire genes to expand protein families, largely through horizontal gene transfer. This process is key to their adaptability and ability to evolve antibiotic resistance.
A recent study by Dr. William Cox found that soybeans grown in 7.5-inch rows have a 15% greater yield than those planted in 30-inch rows, even in the Northeast's shorter growing season. The difference is attributed to lower biomass and fewer seeds, due to reduced seeding rates with corn planters.
A study published in Science reveals nearly 30,000 novel enzymes that can efficiently degrade plant cell wall materials, a major breakthrough for large-scale biofuel production. The discovery sheds light on the molecular machinery used by microbes in the cow's rumen to break down biomass into simple sugars.
A recent study found significant disparities between the race of kidney disease patients and physicians who care for them. Increasing diversity among kidney specialists could improve patient trust and care. Recruiting more African Americans into nephrology training programs may alleviate health disparities in ESRD patients.
Researchers at University of Alberta used U-Pb dating to determine a hadrosaur bone is 64.8 million years old, contradicting the long-held paradigm that dinosaurs died between 65.5 and 66 million years ago.
A study found that memory training can decrease delay discounting in stimulant addicts, which is the tendency to choose short-term rewards over long-term benefits. The researchers believe this could lead to improved rehabilitating brain function and potential therapeutic strategies for addiction treatment.
In a phase II trial, fostamatinib disodium, an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, failed to demonstrate efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had not responded to biologic agents. However, the drug was found to be safe and showed promise in subgroups of patients with elevated C-reactive protein levels.
A new report by Indiana University School of Dentistry calls for quick and creative solutions to address the decline in US dental faculty. The report cites widening pay gaps between private practice dentists and clinical professors as a factor in fewer dentists committing to careers in teaching. To reverse the trend, the report recomme...
Research by Harvard University psychologists suggests that infants may be born with an understanding of social hierarchy based on physical size, which helps them navigate their social environment. Infants as young as 8-10 months old demonstrated surprise at depictions of a larger individual yielding to a smaller one.
A Kansas State University scientist is investigating the reaction and transport of tungsten in drinking water, a contaminant linked to childhood leukemia cases. The study aims to understand tungsten's biogeochemistry in the environment, which is essential for addressing potential health risks.
Researchers have created a novel crystal lattice composed of gold nanoparticles and viral particles held together by strands of DNA. The structure demonstrates the potential to combine materials with different properties to create infinitesimal devices.
A University of Illinois study suggests that consuming broccoli with broccoli sprouts can enhance the vegetable's anti-cancer effect by almost twice as much. Preparing broccoli correctly, with intact myrosinase enzyme, is key to unlocking its health benefits.
A recent Norwegian study found that nearly one in ten pregnant women consumes organic food regularly, with organic eggs and vegetables being the most popular choices. Women who consumed organic food were more likely to have higher education, lower incomes, and frequent exercise habits.
North Carolina State University is developing a transformerless intelligent power substation (TIPS) to enable direct interconnection of renewable energy resources and energy storage systems to the grid. The project aims to improve grid power quality and reliability through enhanced communication.
A new report reviews the psychological effects of disasters, finding that less than 30% of adults experience severe, lasting problems, while most people recover from passing distress. Factors influencing recovery include age, socioeconomic status, and economic resources.
Scientists have discovered that bacterial and archaea microbes primarily acquire new genes through horizontal gene transfer, a process responsible for the diversification of protein families. This study highlights the importance of this process in microbial evolution and its role in shaping the biochemical diversity of life.
A study by Dr. Ardythe Morrow at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that preterm infants with a specific genetic variant (FUT2) are more likely to experience bad outcomes, including death and sepsis. The researchers identified a link between low levels of 'H antigen' in saliva and increased risk of disease progression.
A study published in Blood demonstrates that newborn screening and early diagnosis of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) can improve survival rates. Babies diagnosed at birth and receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplant have significantly reduced infections and improved survival outcomes.
Scientists have developed a synthetic version of the self-healing sticky substance used by mussels to anchor themselves to rocks. The new material exhibits both strength and reversibility through metal bonds, allowing it to repair tears within minutes.