Researchers found that small vesicles called exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) are involved in transporting signals through urine and interacting with primary cilia in the kidneys. This discovery may help understand how gene mutations cause autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), a condition that often leads to kidney failure.
The American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) has inducted 21 new Fellows, with nearly triple the number elected last year. The growing field of medical informatics is expanding its reach and recognizing top professionals.
A new study finds that women who undergo advanced post-mastectomy breast reconstruction experience significant gains in psychological, social, and sexual wellbeing just three weeks after surgery. However, physical wellbeing at the abdominal location may not improve until later.
A new trial suggests that a Foley catheter is as successful in inducing labor as the widely used hormone-like gel prostaglandin E2, but with lower rates of infection and complications. The study found similar vaginal delivery rates and reduced risks of caesarean section, operative deliveries for fetal distress, and neonatal admissions.
A study presented at CHEST 2011 found that sleeping less than 8 hours a night may be linked to weight gain in teens. Teen males who slept 7 hours or less on weekdays had an average BMI that was 3.8 percent higher than those who slept more than 7 hours.
Researchers developed a kit for trainees to practice microvascular anastomosis, improving surgical skills and results. Extra training at home showed significant impact on performance, suggesting deliberate practice is key to becoming proficient in cardiac surgery.
Experts warn that Olympic security measures, such as fixed video cameras and bollards, will have a lasting impact on East London communities once the Games are over. The legacy of increased surveillance and security poses significant questions about the future of these areas.
Researchers have developed a genetically engineered clotting factor that controls bleeding in animal models of hemophilia. The variant protein is safer and more effective than existing treatments, with potential to treat a range of bleeding disorders.
Researchers found that recombination, a key DNA repair process, has a self-correcting mechanism allowing DNA to make a virtual u-turn and start over. This discovery contributes new understanding to basic cancer biology and may improve the efficacy of cancer treatments.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a molecular mechanism plants use to sense low oxygen levels during flooding, enabling potential high-yielding, flood-tolerant crops. This breakthrough could help tackle catastrophic flooding's impact on agricultural production worldwide.
Brandeis researchers have produced and determined the structure of alpha-synuclein, a key protein linked to Parkinson's disease. The findings may lead to the development of new treatments by stabilizing the protein.
Researchers at UC Riverside and the University of Nottingham have discovered how plants sense low oxygen levels to survive flooding. They found that key plant proteins become unstable when oxygen is normal but stable when oxygen levels drop, allowing plants to tap into their energy reserves and survive in low-oxygen conditions.
In a rotating curved pipe, particle distribution changes significantly due to centrifugal force, affecting coagulation and dispersion. With Coriolis and centrifugal forces aligned, particles concentrate near the outside edge, increasing in size over time.
A study by Dr. Joan Tranmer found that female hospital staff working night shifts are at a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure, and abdominal obesity. The study suggests that age and shift work status are significantly associated with increased risk.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have discovered a new way to model human breast cancer that could lead to predicting which breast cancers will spread. The model was created using tumor tissue grafted into mouse mammary glands and found that it accurately predicted the behavior of human breast cancers.
Studies by Dr. Culbertson and Dr. Packer confirm the advantages of laser cataract surgery, including reduced ultrasound energy use and protection of corneal endothelial cells. Laser pre-treatment may lead to safer and faster surgery with improved vision outcomes.
A new study found that playing video games, along with standard amblyopia treatment, can achieve significant vision gains in many older children. Nearly 30% of participants showed significant improvements after one year, while about 60% experienced at least some improvement.
A growing number of Canadians are living with heart failure, with approximately half a million affected. Simple tests and strategies can help reduce costs and improve outcomes for these patients. A new clinical risk score can guide admission vs. discharge decisions, predicting mortality among HF patients who present to the ED.
A comprehensive study found that biofuels produced from West Coast forests would release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than current forest management practices. The study examined various forest types and management approaches, concluding that even optimal efficiency levels would increase emissions by up to 14%.
The genome sequencing of Clonorchis sinensis reveals that it lacks enzymes required for fatty acid biosynthesis, unlike other liver flukes. This discovery provides insight into the parasite's complex lifestyle and may lead to new ways of controlling diseases caused by this parasite.
Researchers found that postmenopausal women who gained 61 pounds or more in adulthood had an almost fourfold increased risk for endometrial cancer. Weight cycling, defined as yo-yo dieting, did not increase risk, contrary to previous suggestions.
Cooperative communications technology allows multiple single-antenna terminals to share their antennas, creating a virtual antenna array. This enables the exploitation of spatial resource in traditional MIMO techniques without requiring multiple antennas. Distributed space-time coding (DSTC) has emerged as an efficient technique for pr...
Researchers found that an antiparasitic agent used to treat African sleeping sickness may provide long-term protection against nonmelanoma skin cancers. The study, conducted on 209 participants, showed a reduced incidence of skin cancers among those who took the drug for five years compared to those who received a placebo.
A new survey reveals that 72% of respondents approve research into climate-manipulating technique, with broad public awareness and surprisingly diverse political views. The study suggests that dialogue surrounding SRM needs to be broadened to include ideas of risk, values, and trade-offs.
A new study published in The Lancet suggests that a 2cm excision margin for skin melanomas thicker than 2mm is safe and effective, with similar levels of recurrence and death compared to a larger 4cm margin. This finding challenges current recommendations and may lead to changes in treatment guidelines.
Natural Killer cells play a critical role in early immune responses to tumours and viruses, exploiting HLA molecules on healthy cells to launch attacks. The research may help develop approaches to better utilize Natural Killer cells to combat viral infection.
A study by Heart and Stroke Foundation researcher Dr. Robert Nolan found that e-counselling led to a twofold decrease in blood pressure levels compared to those who didn't participate, improving lifestyle and quality of life.
A study by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada found that cardiac rehab reduces mortality, especially in those with low fitness levels. Patients who take responsibility for their health and make small fitness improvements can live longer.
Research found associations between obesity and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in young adults. Diets high in trans fats and low in vegetables were also linked to a higher risk, while those with high vegetable intake had a lower risk. Obesity was particularly strong in men, who had a 64% higher risk of developing NHL.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a computer program that can rapidly identify ideal drug combinations to prevent inflammation and combat severe diseases. By analyzing billions of potential combinations, they hope to create tailored therapies for conditions such as stroke, cancer, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have identified a key gene that regulates the immune system, providing vital clues to reversing autoimmune diseases. The discovery is part of a $2 million grant to investigate new therapies for conditions such as multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes.
Postmenopausal women who used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for at least 10 years had a significantly lower risk of death from colorectal cancer compared to those who did not use these medications. The study found that consistent NSAID use over time was associated with a 30% lower rate of colorectal cancer mortality.
Six young investigators from the Middle East received prestigious grants for their top-ranking research abstracts presented at the IOF Regionals – 1st Middle-East & Africa Osteoporosis Meeting. The awards aim to encourage bone research among young researchers worldwide.
A new audit report reveals a growing problem of osteoporosis in the Middle East and Africa, with predicted major increases in fractures and significant socioeconomic impact. Widespread vitamin D deficiency and low calcium intake contribute to the issue.
Researchers have found a biomarker that can rapidly identify severe graft-versus-host disease of the intestine in hematopoietic cell transplant patients with leukemia, lymphoma or other blood disorders. The biomarker, REG3-alpha, helps doctors ensure patients receive appropriate treatment as early as possible.
A neuroeconomics study from McGill University shows that the brain employs two separate regions and processes in valuing 'stimuli' (goods) versus 'actions'. The findings, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, provide new insights into frontal lobe damage and its effects on decision making.
Researchers at KIT develop a new concept for rechargeable batteries based on fluoride shuttles, increasing storage capacity by several factors. The fluoride-ion battery offers improved safety properties without lithium, with potential applications in mobile devices.
Researchers found a strong relationship between testosterone levels and the size/intensity of the black throat patch in female barred buttonquails. High testosterone levels correlate with more intense plumage coloration and better body condition, suggesting a reversed hormone dependency in sex role behaviors.
Researchers found that working memory capacity significantly impacts performance in various tasks, regardless of deliberate practice. Basic capacities and abilities play an important role in skilled performance, challenging the idea that expertise is solely acquired through experience.
A University of Alberta researcher found that losing a spouse can trigger the need for surviving spouses to leave their homes and lose independence. The study suggests that policymakers should provide services and counseling for recently widowed seniors to help them make informed decisions about their living arrangements.
Dr. Clyde Yancy predicts that people who follow seven simple lifestyle factors can live an additional 40-50 years after age 50, with a 90% chance of living to 90 or 100 without chronic illnesses. Governments are urged to invest in prevention strategies.
A new study by Jennifer J. Argo and Baba Shiv found that telling white lies can have negative repercussions for the people who tell them, including increased willingness to spend money on services or tips. Consumers who lie about their wait experiences evaluated these experiences more favorably than those who were honest.
A Mayo Clinic study of over 5,200 patients found no significant correlation between shockwave lithotripsy for kidney stones and the development of diabetes. Researchers controlled for age, gender, and obesity to rule out any potential link.
Researchers found that elderly residents in long-term care facilities who were evacuated during a severe summer storm experienced delirium, cognitive changes, hospitalizations, and death. The study highlights the need for nurses to be aware of the potential difficulties older adults may experience during disasters.
A new report from the University of Washington shows that housing and healthcare costs are driving an 8% increase in Washington's cost of living. The Self-Sufficiency Standard for Washington State 2011 reveals that families need significantly higher incomes to meet basic needs, with some areas experiencing massive increases.
A small group of COPD patients who started with noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) had significantly higher mortality rates when transitioned to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). NIPPV use increased nationwide, but this trend was associated with a higher risk of death in patients requiring subsequent IMV treatment.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have identified the CK1 protein as a key player in cancer cell development. Inhibiting this enzyme may provide a new approach to treating cancer cells, particularly those with malfunctioning mTOR signaling pathways.
A new insurance program is providing compensation to poor herders in northern Kenya's Marsabit District, who have lost up to a third of their animals due to drought. The program uses satellite images to track forage conditions and payouts are triggered when grazing lands deteriorate beyond 15 percent loss.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have identified seven genes encoding mechanosensitive channels in Arabidopsis thaliana, a small flowering plant related to mustard and cabbage. These channels are believed to play a crucial role in plant movement and response to physical stimuli.
Researchers at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland discovered a single cell protein that inhibits both cell migration and growth in aggressive breast cancer cells. This finding suggests an interconnected regulation of uncontrollable growth and metastasis, potentially leading to new medicine development.
Researchers have discovered that hemoglobin interacts with HbA1 within living red blood cells, affecting the condition of patients with thalassemia and other diseases. The study also found a positive correlation between blood sugar levels and multiband re-release of Hbs from RBCs in diabetic individuals.
A Mayo Clinic study has found that a baseline PSA test in men aged 40-60 can predict the risk of subsequent and low-risk prostate cancer. The study, which followed over 600 men for prostate outcomes, showed that men with elevated PSA levels were more likely to undergo biopsies and be diagnosed with low-risk cancer.
A study found that children with specific dopamine system gene variants showed improved response to methylphenidate, the most commonly prescribed ADHD medication. The findings suggest a potential way to predict treatment course and tailor approach for each child.
Scientists deciphered the 3D structure of Caulobacter crescentus's chromosome using high-throughput chromatin interaction detection and next-generation DNA sequencing. Analysis revealed novel characteristics of the parS site, which helps define the chromosome's shape, and showed that altering its position can lead to a large-scale reor...
Research from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study found that 47.6% of hepatocellular carcinoma cases were associated with smoking, while chronic hepatitis B and C infection was the strongest risk factor. The study also highlights the importance of quitting smoking to reduce liver cancer risk.
Research suggests African Americans have a higher burden of multiple large-joint osteoarthritis, with significant racial differences in OA phenotypes. The study found that African Americans are more likely to have knee OA and have a greater risk of joint involvement, particularly hip and spine OA.
The American Society of Plant Biologists has named 12 plant biology researchers as science education mentors for the PlantingScience Master Plant Science Team. This program enables middle and high school students to develop practical, insightful research skills while investigating plant themes.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that lonely individuals behave differently in the marketplace than people with strong social networks. Lonely people prefer minority-endorsed products, but only when their preferences are kept private.
The NIH has halted a trial of a commonly used triple-drug therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) after it was found to worsen outcomes. The study showed that patients receiving the treatment had higher mortality, hospitalizations, and adverse events compared to those on placebo.
Researchers have made significant findings on the San Andreas Fault and Japan's 1944 Tonankai earthquake. The study reveals that seismic slip can propagate to shallow levels along megasplay faults, while another discovery sheds light on osmium behavior in a subduction system using chromian spinel from Bonin Island beach sands.