A study led by biologists at UCSC found that gregarious bat species are more likely to decline and potentially go extinct due to white-nose syndrome. In contrast, solitary species like the tri-colored bat have stabilized at low levels. The little brown bat's social behavior has changed, but it may persist at smaller populations.
A new study found a 36% increase in track-related injuries among US youth between 1991 and 2008, with sprains and fractures being the most common injuries. The study suggests that injury prevention efforts should be tailored to different age groups and activities.
A new study reveals how cells exploit gene sequences to survive toxic attacks by rapidly producing proteins that counteract the harm. The research found that toxic stresses reprogram the tRNA modifications to divert the cell's protein-building machinery away from routine activities to emergency action.
A new study found that childhood maltreatment is associated with altered epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene, which can increase the risk for suicide. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry, suggests that early life adversity can lead to long-lasting changes in brain stress response systems.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania develop new approach to making vesicles and fine-tuning their shapes using genetic engineering. They successfully assemble oleosin into vesicles, which offer significant advantages for oral-drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and ability to carry large payloads.
Hao Yan leads elite team to develop nano-scale devices mimicking biological systems, aiming to simplify biochemical pathways and advance biomedicine and energy research. The $6.25M award supports ASU's biomimetics and bio-inspired engineering research program.
Researchers have developed new materials that improve X-ray machines' light-capturing efficiency, reducing patient radiation doses and enhancing image resolution. The nanostructures are modeled after the compound eyes of moths, which exhibit anti-reflective properties.
A new drug candidate, K11777, has shown promising results in treating hookworm infections with a single oral dose. The compound is under development to enter clinical trials and could provide a new solution for treating the disease if it proves safe and effective in humans.
Researchers discovered that mice without NLRP6 receptor protein are better protected against bacterial infections and can more easily remove bacteria. This finding opens up a new therapeutic track for treating bacterial infections beyond antibiotics.
The symposium brought together experts to exchange insights on high-throughput genomics and accelerate cancer research development. NGS technologies, particularly single-cell sequencing, were highlighted as enabling new levels of cancer studies.
The University of Nottingham is developing a detailed picture of the Asian brain through a two-year project. The resulting road-map will help doctors in Asia diagnose age-related diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's at an earlier stage, improving treatment outcomes.
Physicists developed a two-component model accounting for cell expansion and fluid dynamics. The model revealed that homeostatic pressure, not fluid pressure, drives cell division in biological tissues. This discovery could help understand cancer growth by disrupting homeostasis.
A group of KIT researchers has been granted €4.25 million to enhance the efficiency of organic solar cells to over 10% using tandem architectures and novel materials. The new generation of solar cells is light, flexible, semi-transparent, and can be produced at low cost.
A study by 23andMe identified seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast size, including three linked to breast cancer. The analysis controlled for age, ancestry, and other factors, providing insight into the genetic factors underlying normal breast development.
Researchers have developed a motion sensor system called the 'Lameness Locator' that detects lameness in horses earlier than veterinarians using traditional subjective eye tests. The system places sensors on the horse's head, limb, and tail to monitor movement and diagnose lameness more accurately.
A new study led by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified an innate immune system component that suppresses inflammation, which in turn dampens the immune response to infections. The findings suggest that targeting this protein could block bacterial infection and offer a completely new approach to fighting infections.
Research funded by ESRC finds that Avon Representatives in South Africa earn enough to cover household expenditures, placing them in the top half of black females in their community. The study highlights the benefits of entrepreneurship training, financial autonomy, and self-confidence for women.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered that ACA11, a non-coding RNA, helps protect cancer cells from damage and makes them resistant to chemotherapy. This finding may lead to new cancer therapeutics and help guide research into better treatments for patients with multiple myeloma.
A novel gene variant associated with reduced cholesterol levels has been identified in human populations. Additionally, a new approach for treating Parkinson's disease using embryonic stem cell therapy is proposed. Furthermore, research suggests that brain indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays a crucial role in the concurrence of ...
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that people consistently prefer options that come first, even when making quick choices. The study tested this effect in various settings, including consumer marketing and parole decisions, suggesting that the 'primacy effect' may be an evolutionary adaptation favoring firsts.
The Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph Investigation (SUMI) mission aims to study the intricate magnetic fields in the sun's chromosphere, a hard-to-observe area of the sun's low atmosphere. By observing ultraviolet light, SUMI will create a three-dimensional magnetic map of the region.
A new study reveals that seasonal changes in outpatient antibiotic use can significantly alter drug resistance patterns. The findings suggest that reducing inappropriate antibiotic use requires coordinated efforts between hospitals and the broader community to be most effective.
A two-year clinical trial found fingolimod to significantly reduce Gd-enhancing lesions, new/enlarging T2 lesions, and brain atrophy in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Approximately half of the patients receiving fingolimod therapy were free from inflammatory lesions during the study.
A new article highlights the importance of introspection and reflection in learning, socioemotional functioning, and overall well-being. Research on the brain's default mode network reveals that individual differences in brain activity during rest are correlated with self-awareness, moral judgment, and memory consolidation.
Researchers found that a hypothetical nuclear war between India and Pakistan would greatly reduce staple crop yields, even in distant countries, with decreases of 10-40% and 2-20% respectively. The study used global climate models to calculate the climate impacts of such a conflict.
A recent study by NOAA researchers reveals a drastic decline in white abalone populations, which have dwindled by approximately 78% over the last ten years. The species' ability to reproduce is being questioned, with scientists suggesting that a captive breeding program may be necessary to enhance populations and prevent extinction.
A new UCLA study published in Basic Research in Cardiology found that heart attacks in late pregnancy result in worse heart function and more damaged heart tissue than in non-pregnant females. The research suggests that the heart may be particularly vulnerable to injury during this critical period, but partially recovers after giving b...
A recent study at Moffitt Cancer Center has validated a rare genetic variant associated with an increased risk of glioma, the most common and lethal type of brain tumor. The study found that individuals carrying this variant had a 3.5 times higher risk of developing glioma, but also experienced a 50% reduction in death rates
A new study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience has shown that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can enhance the outcome of swallowing therapy for post-stroke dysphagia. tDCS improved post-stroke dysphagia in patients with long-lasting effects observed over three months.
A study of 3,010 heart attack patients found that 40% were rehospitalized within 30 days due to the heart attack or other causes, with comorbid conditions like diabetes and COPD increasing risk. Additionally, half of heart patients make serious medication errors, even when pharmacists intervene.
A study published by the American Heart Association found that consuming fast food even once a week increases the risk of dying from coronary heart disease by 20 percent. Eating fast food two or more times a week also boosts the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by 27 percent, especially among younger and better-educated individuals.
A new 'adaptive' way of designing medical studies could help patients and researchers. Adaptive design assigns patients at slightly less than random chance, allowing for more personalized care. This approach may be most beneficial in emergency care or situations with high medical stakes.
Iowa State University engineers are building a strong expertise in wind energy through various initiatives, including grants, research projects and partnerships. The goal is to increase wind energy production by at least 10 times over the next 18 years to reach 20% of electrical energy from wind by 2030.
Scientists have developed a design that allows electronics to bend and stretch up to 200%, overcoming the major obstacle of rigid electronics. This breakthrough enables medical monitoring devices to track vital signs and transmit them wirelessly, opening up new possibilities for patient care.
Researchers identified a distinct subset of individuals with PTSD characterized by high symptoms of dissociation and a history of sexual assault, contributing to the understanding of PTSD's course and accurate classification.
Researchers at The University of Nottingham have successfully created a stable version of the elusive 'trophy molecule' using a novel method. The team's achievement offers a viable alternative to current nuclear fuels, with superior high densities, melting points, and thermal conductivities.
A study suggests that individuals with a family history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder are at increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorder. The findings indicate shared etiologic risk factors among ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders.
JoVE launches a new section in physics and engineering, featuring experimental disciplines and interdisciplinary fields. The first article showcases a method to fabricate thin-film solar cells, increasing potential by 45% while reducing thickness.
Researchers found 20 times more brown widows than black widows outside homes, especially in hidden spaces. The authors suggest that homeowners take precautions when handling brown widow webs, but note that their bites are less toxic than black widow bites.
A study by University of California - San Diego researchers blocks the NOTCH1 signaling pathway in cancer cells, reducing their ability to replicate and self-renew. The findings suggest that therapies targeting this pathway could be effective in treating various types of cancer stem cells.
A collaboration between US research centers highlights three disease characteristics that determine whether an outbreak becomes a serious epidemic: pre-symptom transmission, reproductive number, and disease stage length. Simulation models demonstrate that current response plans may underestimate consequences significantly.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new system that allows surgeons to control their own views during laparoscopic surgery, leading to faster and more accurate performance. In a small in vitro trial, surgeons with individual views outperformed those with shared views, completing tasks up to 3 times faster.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered an unexpected complexity in the patterns of drought during the Middle Ages. The study uses tree rings and oxygen isotopes to reveal that winters were wetter-than-expected during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, contradicting previous tree ring data.
Researchers argue that changing tissue landscape promotes higher cancer rates in the elderly, rather than accumulating oncogenic mutations. Healthy cells in young bodies outcompete cells with cancerous mutations when conditions change.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a novel gene regulation technology that can selectively target disease-causing genes in skin cells. The treatment uses spherical arrangements of nucleic acids to penetrate the skin and deliver therapeutics, offering new hope for life-saving therapies for skin cancers and other skin ...
The UK's new supercomputers, Emerald and Iridis 3, will enable researchers to tackle complex areas like healthcare, astrophysics, and climate change. The systems will be made available to businesses and universities through the e-Infrastructure South Consortium.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center discovered that glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a major determinant of resistance to anti-estrogen therapy. Inhibiting GRP78 may provide a solution for tens of thousands of women who develop resistance to these drugs.
Researchers have successfully sequenced the parrot genome using single molecule sequencing, allowing for a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms behind vocal learning. The breakthrough could lead to insights into speech development in humans and the study of cancer and brain functions.
The American Psychiatric Association Task Force on Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder recommends clinical practice guidelines for psychiatrists caring for transgender patients. The report concludes that the quality of research evidence is not robust, but clinical consensus supports treatment recommendations.
A study found that Medicare beneficiaries with depression who faced a coverage gap in their Part D plan were more likely to discontinue their antidepressants. The study, which analyzed data from over 65,000 patients, also found similar reductions in the use of other essential medications, including heart failure drugs and antidiabetics.
Research reveals faster water condensation on less viscous aerosol particles, affecting cloud albedo and lifetime. The study's findings provide insight into the climate's 'known unknowns', highlighting the importance of understanding condensation rates.
Researchers found that viewing media coverage of terrorist attacks increased pain levels and sensory component of pain in people already suffering from chronic pain. Stress and media exposure were also strongly related.
Researchers develop a new method to isolate and grow cancer cells, which can aid in understanding how cancer spreads and ultimately fighting it. The soft fibrin substrate promotes the growth of tumorigenic cells, making them more efficient at causing tumors.
A study published in Cancer Research found that increasing coffee consumption is inversely associated with the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma, the most common form of skin cancer. The study's results suggest that caffeine may be responsible for this decreased risk.
A new theoretical model shows that the length of microtubules is regulated by the attachment of motor proteins, which grow towards the plus-end and shorten the filament. This interplay between growth and shrinkage maintains a precisely regulated microtubule length essential for various intracellular tasks.
A £3 million project will focus on six volcanoes in Latin America and the Caribbean, integrating community experience with scientific approaches to reduce risk. The study aims to develop novel risk analyses and models to mitigate the impact of volcanic activity on people and assets.
A study published in Neurology found that botulinum toxin injections significantly improved tremor severity and writing/drawing abilities in people with multiple sclerosis. The treatment also showed promise in reducing muscle weakness after treatment.
The new FMD vaccine is a molecular vaccine that does not use live FMD virus, allowing for differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals. This breakthrough could significantly reduce the economic impact of FMD outbreaks in the US, with potential cost savings estimated to exceed $50 billion.
The UCLA School of Dentistry has received a $5 million NIH grant to create a comprehensive research training program for dentist-scientists and oral health researchers. The program aims to cultivate the next generation of leaders in science and research.
A Baylor University study found a strong causal link between methamphetamine use by parents and an increase in child maltreatment and foster care placements. The research used data from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System to analyze the effect of methamphetamine production restrictions on foster care admissions.