Researchers at MIT have developed a new coating for hip implants that promotes bone growth, creating a stronger seal between the implant and the patient's own bone. This coating could prevent premature failure and reduce the risk of infection, allowing patients to walk and perform physical therapy during the healing process.
A study in PLOS Computational Biology reconstructs the complete early evolutionary history of biological carbon-fixation. The researchers identified an early form of carbon fixation that achieved built-in robustness, allowing early life to compensate for internal chemistry issues.
The study reveals that gut microbiota modulates bile acid synthesis by altering the bile acid pool composition, reducing FXR inhibition in the small intestine.
Lauren Strober, a researcher at Kessler Foundation, has been awarded a five-year grant to study factors related to employment in people with multiple sclerosis. Her goal is to develop a predictive model of unemployment that can help practitioners make informed decisions and assist individuals with MS in retaining jobs.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have introduced a universal technique to reduce the work function of conductors, enabling efficient and low-work-function electrodes. The new method uses a thin layer of polymer to create a strong surface dipole, making air-stable conductors suitable for printed electronics.
A new study by Queen's University Belfast reveals women face a higher risk of care home admission due to their partner's age. The research found that on average, women have partners who are approximately 5 years older, and those with limiting long-term illnesses were more likely to be admitted to care homes.
Researchers discover Perp, a protein involved in cellular 'glue', plays dual role in preventing breast cancer. Abnormal levels of Perp linked to enhanced inflammatory response and tumor development.
The National Science Foundation has awarded five University of Houston students with Graduate Research Fellowships to pursue advanced degrees in various fields. The fellows will study at top institutions including Harvard, MIT, and the University of Michigan, and receive funding for tuition and a $30,000 annual stipend.
A study published in Archives of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery suggests that targeted swallowing exercises can alleviate debilitating side effects in people undergoing chemoradiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Patients who performed five targeted swallowing exercises throughout their CRT showed significantly better scores...
New research from Aachen University suggests the Possidi peninsula in northern Greece is at risk of significant tsunami waves due to its proximity to earthquake-prone areas. The study also highlights the need for updated tsunami hazard calculations, particularly in densely populated and tourist regions.
Research suggests that thinking about death can motivate positive changes and promote tolerance, egalitarianism, compassion, empathy, and pacifism. Additionally, increased awareness of mortality can lead to better health choices, such as using more sunscreen or increasing levels of exercise.
Researchers at IBN discover engineered human stem cells can target and inhibit tumor growth, prolonging survival in mice with breast tumors. This finding paves the way for innovative stem cell-based therapies, offering a promising alternative to conventional cancer treatment.
Researchers developed models to address complex interactions among multiple stakeholders in the biofuel supply chain. They found that diverting corn crops to ethanol can affect food prices, but overall system welfare improves, with farmers as primary beneficiaries. The study's holistic model provides guidelines for optimizing the biofu...
A new study published in the American Behavioral Scientist found that left-wing blogs are more collaborative and less individualistic than right-wing blogs. Left-wing blogs incorporate more user activity, authorship, and calls to action, while right-wing blogs tend to be more hierarchical and rely on external sources.
A pan-European study reveals that mountain plants are shifting to higher altitudes, but also experiencing reduced species richness. Climate warming and drought stress are threatening alpine plant diversity worldwide.
Recent clinical trials confirm that combinations of antivirals can provide a more effective treatment with fewer side effects. The new therapies target genotypes 1, 2, or 3 and include direct-acting antivirals and host-targeting antivirals.
Research at CU's Niwot Ridge site reveals that ecosystems sensitive to climate changes are most impacted by warming temperatures. The study shows that warmer conditions in subalpine forests can lead to enhanced surface water evaporation and transport, affecting snowpack and alpine ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a neuroprosthesis that combines brain-computer interface and functional electrical stimulation to restore complex hand movements in paralyzed monkeys. The device bypasses the spinal cord, allowing intentional, brain-controlled muscle contractions.
Researchers have found evidence that engineered nanoparticles can accumulate in plants and cause DNA damage. The study tested cupric oxide nanoparticles on radish and ryegrass, finding increased DNA base lesions and cellular uptake of copper in plant root cells.
Researchers propose a neurobiological model for third-party punishment, revealing its cognitive processes and brain areas involved. This new understanding sheds light on human cooperation and the development of large-scale societies.
The report assesses technical, economic, financial, and social uncertainties facing CCS technologies, concluding that most can be resolved in principle. However, difficult choices remain for government and industry regarding technology development, financial support, deployment timing, and storage liabilities.
Researchers at Northwestern University develop a new theory of networks, establishing relationships between disparate topics such as friendship paradoxes and material properties. The study reveals that cascading processes can be controlled and collective behavior depends on network properties, opening new avenues for disease treatment ...
The presentation presents one-year IVAN and two-year CATT trial results evaluating the efficacy of Lucentis and Avastin in treating age-related macular degeneration. The studies demonstrate Lucentis' effectiveness in reducing edema and improving vision.
Scientists at Ben-Gurion University have created bioreactors that increase microalgae biomass yields dramatically. The innovative design, which synchronizes photosynthesis with flow patterns and illumination, has the potential to make microalgae an economically viable source of renewable energy.
A recent study published in PNAS contradicts the prevailing belief that basal-like cells are responsible for invasive tumors. Luminal-like cells, previously thought to lack stem cell properties, have been found to be highly tumorigenic and capable of generating larger tumors than their basal-like counterparts.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that reminding people about secular authority decreases their distrust of atheists. The research suggests that when individuals are reminded of the role of government and law in maintaining social order, they become less negative towards atheists.
Scientists at University College London have successfully transplanted photoreceptors into adult mice with degenerate retinas, restoring their vision. The study suggests that this approach could lead to effective treatments for thousands of people affected by degenerative eye disorders.
A new analysis raises concerns that large-scale bioenergy production from forest biomass is unsustainable and will increase greenhouse gas emissions. The study highlights potential ecological and economic drawbacks, including depleted soil nutrients, loss of biodiversity, and higher costs for bioenergy.
Two University at Buffalo studies found that giving children more toy choices increases their physical play time by nearly 200% for girls. The research also showed that providing autonomy and mastery in toy selection motivates children to be physically active, especially when combined with exergames.
Scientists sequenced the Tasmanian tiger genome, revealing extremely low genetic variability due to geographical isolation. This limited genetic makeup makes the species highly susceptible to diseases and extinction.
A study by University of Leicester scientist Professor Monica Whitty found that online dating scammers use basic marketing techniques to groom victims, leading to feelings of a genuine relationship. The research also reveals that people with strong romantic beliefs and idealized views of partners are most likely to fall prey to online ...
A new optical imaging system uses speckle imaging to measure differences in light bouncing off red blood cells, identifying cells infected with malaria parasites. The technique delivers results in under 30 minutes with high accuracy and low cost, promising to revolutionize malaria diagnosis.
Researchers have discovered that aphids' insect cells recycle nitrogen to build essential amino acids, contrary to previous thought. This finding suggests potential new targets for aphid-specific insecticides and highlights the complex interactions between the aphid and its bacterial symbiont.
A new type of viral genome has been discovered, challenging current understanding of virus evolution. The circular DNA genome, found in a unique RNA-DNA hybrid virus, suggests that entirely new virus types may emerge through recombination of functional and structural modules.
Researchers found that autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplants can significantly induce vascular growth, reducing the number of amputations in patients with diabetes suffering from critical limb ischemia. The study showed a significant increase in neovasculogenesis and a decrease in PAD mortality.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that soccer fans' testosterone and cortisol levels rise when watching a game, regardless of age, gender, or interest level. However, cortisol levels only increased for dedicated young male fans who perceived a strong threat to their social esteem if their team didn't win.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have discovered that normal epithelium tissue ejects living cells to maintain a steady population and ease overcrowding. This mechanism is crucial in preventing cancer, as it allows cells to turnover and prevents cell pile-ups, which are common in cancerous tissues.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that men are more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of original discharge compared to women. Men had higher rates of 30-day readmission and were less likely to complete follow-up appointments with their primary care physician.
A group of environmental scientists suggest applying insurance policies and premiums to strengthen the REDD scheme, addressing leakage, permanence, and additionality issues. This new scheme, iREDD, aims to protect forests and promote biodiversity by ensuring both buyers and sellers are protected.
Researchers from the University of Leicester discovered a new mechanism for cooperation in simple organisms, where individuals prefer those who resemble themselves. This 'similarity discrimination' effect can evolve quickly and powerfully in many social encounters, solving the long-standing puzzle of natural selection.
A new analysis of the TORCH trial found that erlotinib is most effective in patients with EGFR mutations, while those with wild-type tumors should receive standard chemotherapy first. The study confirms the importance of biomarker testing to guide treatment decisions.
A global study by University of British Columbia researchers found increasing jellyfish populations in 62% of the world's coastal ecosystems, including East Asia and Antarctica. The study also notes decreases in jellyfish abundance in seven per cent of coastal regions.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center found that daily physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. The study, which tracked the activities of 716 older individuals over 3.5 years, showed that those in the bottom 10% of daily physical activity were more than twice as likely t...
A new study shows that magnetically-controlled growing rods can treat scoliosis in children without the need for repeated invasive surgery. The non-invasive procedure, called MCGR, allows for frequent outpatient distractions and has been shown to be effective and safe.
Scientists from UCSF used brain recordings to decode which speaker a subject was listening to, even when multiple voices were present. The study sheds light on the human brain's ability to focus on one voice in noisy environments, with implications for language learning disorders and neuroprosthetic devices.
A new non-surgical test has been developed to diagnose and monitor brain tumors without surgery, providing a significant breakthrough in treatment options for patients. The test uses microRNA profiling of cerebrospinal fluid to determine the presence of glioblastoma, the most common and lethal type of brain tumor.
A recent study found that carnivorous mammals, including humans, tend to have shorter breast-feeding periods than herbivorous or omnivorous species. This may be due to the higher-quality diet that allows for earlier brain development and weaning. The research suggests that meat-eating played a crucial role in human evolution and popula...
A team of international scientists has confirmed that the extinct Tasmanian Tiger had limited genetic diversity prior to its extinction. The study reveals that the thylacine's genetic health may have been affected by geographic isolation from mainland Australia approximately 10-13 thousand years ago.
Researchers have created a transgenic zebrafish that reacts to environmental estrogens by producing fluorescent signals, revealing new insights into the effects of pollution on human health. The study found responses in previously unknown tissues, including skeletal muscle and eyes.
The Merkin Family Foundation will fund promising Broad Institute scientists as Merkin Institute Fellows, supporting bold research in areas like stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The program aims to create a pipeline of talented researchers advancing science and medicine at the Broad Institute.
A recent study found that plant species living in urban backyards are closer related to each other and live shorter than those in rural areas. The study, conducted by Jeannine Cavender-Bares and Sonja Knapp, analyzed the diversity of plant species in private yards in Minneapolis and compared it to nearby natural ecosystems.
Gladstone scientists have made a groundbreaking medical breakthrough in mice, transforming scar-forming cardiac cells into beating heart muscle. The research may have broad human-health implications and could provide an innovative alternative to heart transplants.
Researchers discovered that a key enzyme in the milk of lactating tsetse flies functions similarly to mammalian enzymes, making them a potential model for studying lipid metabolism during mammalian lactation. Reduced levels of this enzyme led to poor health in offspring, suggesting targeting it could aid population reduction efforts.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed an injectable solution that protects mice from cocaine overdose, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of a human antibody against cocaine. The treatment shows promise in reducing mortality rates and signs of overdose in both preliminary tests.
Researchers developed a modern water treatment plant using rainwater and treated wash water for personal needs. Vacuum sewage systems significantly reduce water consumption and lower costs. The DEUS technology recovers biogas, produces fertilizer, and benefits regions with extreme water shortages
Research based on 367 men and 370 women found that those who are retired, unmarried, or depressed are most at risk of needing urgent hospital care. Men were twice as likely as women to require further urgent hospital care within 30 days of discharge.
Scientists have developed a way to reuse expensive enzymes used in laundry detergents hundreds of times, opening the door for new eco-friendly laundry products. The reusable enzyme-coated plastic flakes and strips could make cheaper detergents more effective.
Norwegian researchers recommend parents provide healthy food options, involve kids in cooking and shopping, and avoid restrictive rules. The study found daily fruit and vegetable consumption among Norwegian children is below recommended levels, sparking concerns.
A 50-gene predictor has been found to accurately identify patients with low risk of relapse after surgery. The gene signature is related to the activity of B lymphocytes and suggests an enhanced immune response against the tumor.
The IceCube Collaboration found no evidence of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays originating from gamma-ray bursts, challenging the long-held theory. Instead, the team suggests that active galactic nuclei may be responsible for accelerating these particles.