A new logistics model for biofuel raw materials is proposed by MSU researchers, utilizing regional biomass processing depots to process feedstocks before shipping to refineries. This approach aims to reduce transportation costs and distances, while providing economic benefits to farmers who own part of the depots.
Infants exhibit longer looking times when one giraffe gets both toys or the slacker gets a reward in both experiments, indicating an expectation of fairness. The study suggests that children are born with innate expectations about fairness, shaped by culture and environment.
A UGA study found that worker perceptions of safety and effective management can decrease on-the-job injuries by 32% and 38%, respectively. The study highlights the impact of work-life balance on performance and productivity, increasing injury risk by 37%.
Climate experts at Stanford University discuss the compound effects of climate change and climate variability on global food markets. The symposium highlights two key challenges: extreme temperatures and El Niñ-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have devised a new type of network that allows users to authenticate without relying on unique identities. The novel network structure eliminates identity theft, loss of anonymity and misplaced trust by using an addressing system with user-selected pseudonyms.
As ice melts in the Far North, Canada faces growing challenges but also opportunities to lead international governance in ocean law. David VanderZwaag, a leading expert, emphasizes the country's strengths in ocean governance and suggests advancing laws on shipping regulation, ocean governance and marine biodiversity protection.
Climate change is linked to increased bacterial loads in potable water, putting indigenous populations at risk of waterborne diseases. Sherilee Harper's research finds similarities between Inuit and Batwa peoples' experiences with extreme weather events and waterborne illnesses.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a revolutionary technique using X-ray Micro Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) to analyze plant roots with unprecedented accuracy. This breakthrough enables the identification of root architecture in three dimensions, paving the way for improved crop breeding and food security.
A comprehensive review found that switching brand-name antiepileptic drugs for generic equivalents can lead to increased hospitalizations and longer stays. The studies suggest that the switching aspect, rather than the drug itself, may be causing the problem, but more research is needed to confirm.
The SOMAscan assay identifies and measures thousands of proteins, unlocking protein biomarker discovery for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. This technology empowers personalized medicine by detecting early disease onset in real-time.
A new study by University of British Columbia researchers found that maternal depression can affect infants' ability to attune to their native languages, while bilingual households may prolong the period of tuning. The preliminary findings provide important insights into early childhood development and mother's mental health.
A University of Maryland team discovered that early-formed mantle portions survived Earth's formation, including a collision that created the Moon. Volcanic rocks from Russia show distinct tungsten isotope signatures, indicating that some parts of the early Earth may have remained intact until 2.8 billion years ago.
A Michigan State University study found a strong relationship between community satisfaction and quality public schools. The researchers argue that those without school-aged children should be equally responsible for maintaining the schools as those with kids.
Researchers discovered significant brain development differences in 6-month-old high-risk infants who later developed autism compared to those who did not. Infants with autism showed elevated white matter fiber tract development at 6 months, followed by slower changes over time.
These powerful telescopes enable forefront research in astrophysics, unlocking the secrets of star- and planet-formation processes. The new facilities will study gas and dust motion around young stars, testing theories of planet formation.
A new method for controlling DNA-based logic gates has been developed, enabling spatial and temporal control. This breakthrough could lead to interfacing DNA-based computing with traditional silicon-based computing, potentially creating new interfaces between biological systems and electronic devices.
Linguists are racing to document and revitalize struggling languages with the help of new digital tools. The National Geographic Society has created a comprehensive platform featuring eight talking dictionaries containing over 32,000 word entries in endangered languages, alongside audio recordings and photographs.
A University of Missouri expert argues that social workers should return to the juvenile corrections system, citing their specialized qualifications as counselors and facilitators. This could lead to a more rehabilitative approach, with an emphasis on addressing youth offenders' mental health and social issues.
Researchers at Michigan State University are exploring the intersection of art and science to better understand sustainability. Artists Joe Zammit-Lucia, Sacha Kagan, and David Maggs will discuss how their work can provoke thinking and change people's perceptions of complex sustainability issues.
A new study by Mark Collard at the AAAS conference links climate change to human evolution by analyzing the impact of environmental variation on food-gathering tools. The research suggests that harsh environments led to more complex tool use, which can be used as a proxy for tracking climate change's impact on human evolution.
Researchers at Arizona State University have created an imaging technique that allows for atomic-level resolution without damaging biological samples. This breakthrough enables the use of high-intensity X-rays, previously limited by damage caused by the radiation.
Three NYU faculty, Robert Froemke, Pierre Germain, and Virgiliu Midrigan, have been awarded Sloan Foundation fellowships to support their groundbreaking research in neuroplasticity, nonlinear dispersive equations, and economics. The two-year $50,000 awards aim to foster the next generation of scientific leaders and advance their work.
The oceans' untapped genetic resources hold huge potential for medicines, foods, and biofuels. International agreements are required to ensure equal benefits from these resources. Developing countries need support in participating in research and invention.
Researchers are developing a norovirus vaccine using Virus-Like Particles, which mimic actual noroviruses to stimulate a robust immune response. The vaccine aims to combat the highly contagious and often severe gastrointestinal illness caused by noroviruses.
Researchers have created a touchscreen mobile device app called BrailleTouch that eliminates the need to look at screens during texting. The app uses a gesture-based solution, allowing users to type up to 32 words per minute with 92% accuracy.
Researchers found that mild dehydration caused headaches, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating in women, while men experienced fatigue, tension, and anxiety. The studies highlight the importance of staying hydrated throughout the day, not just during exercise or physical activity.
Current climate models fail to account for the relationship between atmosphere and soil, leading to underestimated temperature variability and increased food production risk. This could lead to serious effects on crop yields, particularly in Europe and the Americas.
Researchers discovered significant brain differences in infants as young as six months old who later develop autism. Infants with autism showed changes in white matter pathways, which may be used to diagnose the disorder earlier.
A study found differences in brain communication pathways as early as 6 months in infants who later received a diagnosis of autism. The researchers used magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the brains of 92 infants, including those with older siblings on the autism spectrum. This study offers promise for identifying infants at risk f...
A Simon Fraser University researcher discusses documented observations of spatial and temporal coincidences between fracturing and earthquakes east of the Rocky Mountains. The study highlights the need for more research, especially in earthquake-prone areas where injected fluids may trigger seismic activity.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham developed a mathematical model of calcium activity in atrial heart cells, improving our understanding of heart disease and stroke. The model provides clinically relevant insights into sub-cellular calcium signals, allowing for new treatments for conditions like atrial fibrillation.
The THEMIS mission has significantly advanced our understanding of the magnetosphere, mapping the topology and structure of the Earth's magnetic field. The satellites have also detected critical mechanisms driving substorms, including dipolarization fronts and chorus waves, which influence aurora formation.
Dr. Chris Overall's research has led to a better understanding of the human proteome, revealing key proteins controlling innate immunity and inflammation. His team discovered a molecular beacon that directs white blood cells to injury sites, stopping chronic inflammation.
Researcher Vicki Grassian emphasizes the importance of atmospheric aerosols in understanding climate change. Her laboratory studies explore heterogeneous chemical interactions with trace gases, cloud nucleation, and dust's optical properties to improve modeling and field research.
A UCLA study reveals that migrating cells exhibit a tendency to turn right in response to environmental changes, leading to the formation of diagonal stripes resembling tissue architecture. The researchers believe this phenomenon holds promise for developing new methods for tissue engineering and organ regeneration.
A new iPad app, DASH II, is being trialled in Newcastle and North Tyneside hospitals to help doctors and patients make informed decisions about stroke treatment. The app provides visual interpretations of risks and benefits, enabling medical teams to explain predicted outcomes clearly.
Bellomo's study reveals potential to quantify the role of clouds in driving climate change using observational datasets. Climate models struggle to simulate this effect, but observations could help improve simulations.
A new study found significant brain differences in high-risk infants who later developed autism, starting as early as 6 months. Infants with autism had elevated white matter fiber tract development at birth, but slower growth over time, suggesting potential early interventions.
A study by McMaster University psychologist Daphne Maurer found that playing video games for just 40 hours can reverse visual processing deficiencies in adults. The researchers also discovered that babies and toddlers initially exhibit a form of synaesthesia, which gradually disappears as they develop.
Researchers analyze lake sediment cores to infer past forest fire frequency and explore the success of First Nations' historical fire management strategies. They suggest a mixed approach combining controlled burning, silviculture, and aggressive fire suppression to mitigate increasing forest fires in Canada.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a way to accelerate salt delivery to the tongue, allowing for significant salt reduction in snack foods while maintaining flavor. This breakthrough has the potential to tackle high salt intake, linked to health issues like high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
Astronomers have discovered a young cluster of blue stars surrounding an intermediate-mass black hole in a cannibal galaxy. The star cluster is thought to be less than 200 million years old and may be the remnant of a dwarf galaxy that was swallowed by the larger galaxy.
Researchers, led by Canada Excellence Research Chair Marcel Babin, are studying Arctic micro-organisms to better understand their response to environmental changes. The findings suggest that phytoplankton blooms are occurring earlier and more frequently, which could impact the entire food chain.
Carbon capture and storage technology could prevent billions of tons of CO2 emissions each year, but high costs and concerns over safety and permanence hinder its adoption. Stanford scientist Sally Benson emphasizes the need for global scale and monitoring to ensure secure storage.
The Elisabeth Severance Prentiss Foundation has donated $5 million to the University Hospitals Eye Institute to support various programs, including the Center for Retina and Macular Disease. The gift will help launch a new phase of expansion and enhancement of facilities and equipment across the UH system.
Cyclone Giovanna re-strengthening and turning back toward southeastern Madagascar, bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds. The storm's passage in February 2012 caused significant flooding and reported deaths, with the eastern coast receiving over a foot of rainfall.
A study examining clot-busting drugs in children with ischemic stroke found that these medications can be safely administered, with a higher risk of bleeding but similar mortality rates compared to adults. Researchers believe further studies are needed to optimize treatment effectiveness in pediatric patients.
External cooling in sedated septic shock patients decreases vasopressor requirements and early mortality, increasing the rate of shock reversal and decreasing day-14 mortality. The study's findings suggest that fever control using external cooling is safe and may improve patient outcomes.
Researchers are using community modeling to address complex issues like climate change, air pollution and desertification. The approach involves teams of experts pooling data and ideas in a collaborative process.
Researchers found that women with pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders or diabetes may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Complications such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes were linked to higher CVD risk factors, including fasting glucose and insulin levels.
The traditional model of scientific practice is changing with the rise of collaborations across disciplines. Expert scientists like James Collins examine how interdisciplinary approaches can help achieve science goals and explore strategies for increasing the rewards of shared knowledge production.
Researchers found that Phoenix's water problems are a demand problem, not a supply problem. Higher urban densities, slower growth, and fewer backyard swimming pools can reduce the risk of future shortages.
Phytoplankton, tiny single-celled algae, act as a natural sponge for carbon dioxide and are critical to the global carbon cycle. Research by Canada Research Chair Maria Maldonado has shown that phytoplankton adapt to iron limitation by increasing copper uptake, leading to more efficient carbon absorption.
At TEI 2012 conference, Nicholas Graham's Liberi Live game allows two players to collaborate on game design, enhancing creativity. The Queen's Human Media Lab also showcases innovative technologies, including flexible TV screens and wearable sensors.
A nano-enabled intranasal formulation of teriparatide is being developed to treat osteoporosis, with the potential to provide easier administration and enhance efficacy. The project combines Critical Pharmaceuticals' nanotechnology expertise with the University of Nottingham's world-leading research capabilities.
Researchers discovered that mitochondrial DNA mutations cause programmed cell death in the inner ear, leading to inherited deafness. The study found that reactive oxygen molecules produced by diseased mitochondria trigger a cell death-inducing gene expression program.
The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) recognizes outstanding individuals for their contributions to gerontology education, research, and practice. The Clark Tibbitts Award honors colleagues near retirement or recently retired who have provided leadership in AGHE projects.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham discovered a new mechanism that explains how infections can trigger multiple sclerosis relapses. Regulatory T cells, which regulate immune responses, become less inhibitory when stimulated by bacterial or viral molecules, leading to increased inflammation.
The biofuels industry is expected to become a commercially viable and environmentally sustainable solution for the world's growing energy demands. Researchers at the University of British Columbia are working to speed up the process of converting biomass into biofuels, making it cheaper and more efficient.
A Simon Fraser University professor will present on how climate change is expected to impact historical sea level changes in the Pacific Northwest. The talk highlights the vulnerability of low-lying coastlines in the region, particularly those with large human populations and infrastructure.
Researchers are developing an artificial 'leaf' that can convert sunlight into liquid fuel, and optimizing natural photosynthesis through enzyme engineering. The goal is to improve crop yields and create a sustainable carbon-neutral economy.
A new study suggests that vitamin B and omega-3 supplementation may not prevent cancer recurrence after heart attack or stroke. Women receiving omega-3 supplements were found to have a higher risk of cancer compared to placebo groups.
The Picasso software uses a three-level algorithm to match user-chosen pictures with corresponding soundtracks from movie scenes. This enables users to select music that harmonizes with their impressions without extra effort. The system takes into account individual preferences and is expandable for automatic sound recording.
A panel of experts discussed the use of hydraulic fracturing in shale gas development, addressing concerns over its impact on drinking water and air quality. The study found no direct link between hydraulic fracturing and groundwater contamination, but acknowledged surface issues that can be managed.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute observe maturation of immune cells in live zebrafish embryos, finding they migrate into and out of thymus multiple times. This process is driven by chemokines alone and is independent of blood circulation.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new family of liquid salt electrolytes called MetILs, which could lead to batteries storing three times more energy than today's batteries. The breakthrough may help integrate large-scale intermittent renewable energy sources into the nation's electric grid.
Researchers at UB are studying the microbiology of a new variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae to identify genes that make it hypervirulent. The bacterium causes serious, life-threatening infections in otherwise healthy individuals and has the potential to become highly resistant to antibiotics.
Climate change researcher Stephen Sheppard emphasizes the importance of using new visualization media to engage people in addressing climate change. He suggests that such media can be more effective than traditional models in making the future with climate change more real and compelling.
A new species of colorful lizard was discovered in the Peruvian Andes at high altitudes. The species, Potamites montanicola, is believed to be nocturnal and exhibits unusual behavior such as swimming in streams.
A new study has found that foreign-born immigrant women from the Caribbean are at a higher risk of elevated mercury levels in their blood. Mercury exposure is particularly concerning for infants and children due to potential damage to cognitive and central nervous system development. The study suggests that community education efforts ...
A new study published in Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences estimates the economic impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on commercial and recreational fisheries and mariculture in the Gulf of Mexico. The study predicts losses of $US8.7 billion over 7 years, affecting around 22,000 jobs.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Boston have identified a single viral protein called LMP1 that the immune system watches over to keep the Epstein-Barr virus in check. The study suggests two possible options for treating EBV-fueled lymphomas in immunosuppressed patients, including using CD4+ T cells and NKG2D-Fc fusion proteins.
Researchers discovered a gene responsible for congenital mirror movements disease, which affects motor skills and hand movement coordination. The RAD51 gene is involved in the transmission of brain signals between the left and right sides of the body.