A new study published in Climatic Change identifies political mobilization by elites and advocacy groups as the driving factor behind public opinion on climate change. The research found that information-based science advocacy has a minimal effect on public concern, while elite cues and economic factors play a crucial role.
Research on 850 participants found frequent house moves during childhood were associated with poorer overall health and psychological distress. Illicit drug use during adolescence and adulthood was independently linked to childhood house moves.
According to a study published in Archives of Neurology, revised criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may reclassify patients with very mild or mild Alzheimer's disease dementia. The new guidelines allow for more flexibility in defining functional independence, potentially affecting diagnostic approaches and treatment options.
Research by the Universities of Exeter and Liverpool reveals that redder ladybirds are more poisonous than their paler peers, with better-fed individuals producing stronger warning signals and toxic chemicals. This variation in coloration is linked to diet in early life, making redder ladybirds less likely to be eaten by predators.
Researchers have developed modular growth factors that can stimulate bone and blood vessel growth in sheep, showing promise for treating orthopedic injuries and defects. The approach uses flexible proteins to activate specific signaling pathways, reducing the risk of unwanted side effects like cancer.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute have recorded detailed live images inside the brain of a living mouse using STED microscopy, making minute structures visible for the first time. This breakthrough could help decipher fundamental processes in the brain and shed light on illnesses caused by synapse malfunction.
Researchers found that older adults tend to use an egocentric strategy, while younger adults prefer allocentric strategies in navigating spatial tasks. This study aims to identify potential behavioral interventions to improve cognitive functions in aging individuals.
Research links injectable progesterone contraceptives to poor periodontal health, with DMPA users at higher risk of gingivitis and periodontitis. Women currently taking or past users of the contraceptive may need to prioritize oral care.
A new species of plant lice, specifically Rhopalosiphum, was found in Costa Rica's high-altitude region Cerro de la Muerte. The study reveals that this newly described species feeds solely on a type of bamboo, Chusquea tomentosa.
Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of group schema therapy in treating borderline personality disorder, with a 94% recovery rate over an 8-month period. The approach combines theoretical, conceptual, and practical information, including therapist tips and patient workbook materials.
A study found that patients leaving hospitals against medical advice do not have to pay the full cost of their stay, as insurance companies typically cover the expenses. However, many physicians and some consent forms incorrectly inform patients that they may be held financially responsible if they leave AMA.
A multi-year study published in PLoS One found that domestic cats and wild cats living in the same area share diseases such as Toxoplasmosis, Bartonellosis, and FIV. This can happen through contact with shared habitats, even if they don't come into direct contact.
Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute discovered that beta cells in the pancreas use taste receptors to sense fructose, a type of sugar. This finding suggests that fructose plays a role in insulin release, amplifying the effect of glucose and potentially impacting metabolic diseases like obesity and diabetes.
A recent study published by Archives of General Psychiatry found a strong association between smoking and more rapid cognitive decline in men. The study analyzed data from over 5,000 men and women in the Whitehall II cohort study, revealing that continued smoking was linked to greater cognitive decline.
The Cleveland Traumatic Neuromechanics Consortium (TNC) will investigate and develop better protection and treatment strategies for head, neck and spinal injuries. The center will combine engineering and clinical expertise from both institutions to make a significant positive difference in people's lives.
Researchers use molecular imaging to improve diagnosis and treatment decisions for estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer patients, detecting bone metastases and predicting therapy response. PET imaging with 18F-FES and 18F-FDG improves diagnostic information and prompts changes in treatment for 88% and 48% of subjects respectively.
A survey of US elementary school students found that about half have access to competitive food venues like vending machines and snack bars, where sugary foods are commonly sold. However, healthier options like salads and fruits were less accessible, with many schools prioritizing lower-fat products over whole grains and low-fat dairy.
A Kansas State University researcher has developed a new method to create ceramic carbon nanotube material, which improves laser detector performance. The material also addresses four key areas for improving rechargeable batteries: capacity, life, recharging speed, and power output.
Researchers at Van Andel Research Institute have discovered a predictive marker for patient sensitivity to MET inhibitors in glioblastoma. The study may lead to the development of improved therapies for this deadly brain cancer.
Researchers used whole-genome sequencing to analyze E. coli bacteria from outbreaks in Germany and France, discovering small differences among strains. The study found that the German isolates were nearly identical, while French strains showed greater diversity, suggesting a bottleneck or uneven seed distribution.
A new study found that children who received family intervention during early childhood had significantly lower rates of obesity compared to those in the control group. The intervention, ParentCorps, helped parents develop more effective discipline strategies and increase positive interactions with their children.
Researchers at Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital have successfully derived vessel-forming stem cells from amniotic fluid, offering hope for repairing infant hearts. The breakthrough could lead to growing tissue patches using the infant's own cells, potentially replacing defective tissue with beating heart tissue.
Researchers found that using LABAs in combination with ICS reduces asthma attacks as well as or better than corticosteroids alone. The study showed the greatest benefits to African-American patients, males, and those with moderate to severe asthma.
The Navy is testing an electromagnetic railgun prototype launcher, a long-range weapon that can fire projectiles at speeds of up to 5,600 mph. The technology has the potential to provide Sailors with multi-mission capability for tasks such as naval surface fire support and cruise missile defense.
A short spinning session can increase cardiac biomarkers, similar to a heart attack, but levels return to normal within 24 hours. Researchers hope to raise awareness among emergency treatment teams about the need for accurate assessment in patients with chest pains after exercise.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) endorses the use of metformin as the initial treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes, especially when lifestyle modifications have failed. The guideline also advises adding a second drug to metformin when necessary.
A multi-center study, DECIDE, aims to improve end-of-life decision making amongst hospital-based physicians and nurses. The study will assess processes for improving communication and explore staff views on fulfilling care goals with seriously ill patients and their families.
A McMaster University study finds that closing schools can significantly reduce the spread of pH1N1, with a 50% reduction in transmission observed. The research used high-quality data from Alberta to demonstrate the effectiveness of school closures as a control measure during pandemic outbreaks.
A study by UNC researchers has discovered how a genetic defect underlying congenital heart disease distorts cardiac muscle cells, preventing them from forming a fully functioning heart. Treatment with a drug that regulates cell shape rescues the cardiac defect, offering therapeutic avenues for future treatment.
A low-pressure area in the Gulf called System 90L is being watched for possible development into a subtropical depression, although chances are now considered slim. The system is expected to bring widespread heavy rainfall and gusty winds to northern Cuba, the Florida Keys, and south Florida.
A new study published in the BMJ Open found that exercise ECGs have benefits beyond diagnosis, including clarifying symptoms and engaging patients in the diagnostic process. The test can facilitate communication between clinicians and patients, providing reassurance on exercise capacity and tolerance.
Researchers discovered that cardiac natriuretic peptides can convert white fat cells into brown fat cells in mice and humans, increasing energy usage and potentially aiding in weight loss. The study suggests a new approach to combating the obesity epidemic.
A Stanford University geophysicist recommends stronger regulations for hydraulic fracturing to address concerns over water disposal and toxic additives. The expert argues that better regulation could lead to cheap, clean energy alternatives to coal.
The American College of Physicians recommends metformin as the initial drug treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes who have failed lifestyle modifications. Additionally, a study found that women are more likely to experience complications after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement compared to men. Meanwhile,...
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) causes significant and rapid bone loss in mice, promoting fat cell growth but inhibiting bone cells. The study suggests a potential tradeoff between the anti-obesity benefits of FGF21 and its risk of osteoporosis.
A new study reveals that the deadliest mass extinction, 'The Great Dying', was not a sudden event but occurred gradually. The researchers found evidence of gradual decline in marine life, with some species dying up to 100,000 years before the main extinction event.
A University of Minnesota-led research team has proposed a mechanism for controlling embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The study reveals that two enzymes, ERK1 and ERK2, inactivate the protein Klf4, allowing cells to differentiate into adult cells.
A new analysis of clinical trial data found that treatment with fluoxetine did not increase or decrease suicidality in children compared to placebo. The study also showed that two different antidepressant drugs were effective at reducing suicidal behavior and depressive symptoms in adult and geriatric patients.
Researchers used fMRI to track brain activity in competitive game players, finding differing patterns of activity during social interactions. The study sheds light on how the brain processes information in competitive settings and may aid understanding of neuropsychiatric illnesses.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a new protein called ARD1 that plays a critical role in the development and growth of prostate cancer. Inactivating this protein completely suppresses cancer growth, making it a potential target for new treatments.
The Fogarty Institute for Innovation has launched an Advanced Endovascular Training Fellowship, providing year-long clinical training for postgraduate physicians. Fellows will engage with start-up companies and assist in developing technologies to improve patient care.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg found that adopting an optimistic mindset and using humour can significantly improve a patient's experience during dental treatment. These strategies can reduce stress, increase well-being, and create a pleasant atmosphere.
The Stichting af Jochnick Foundation is funding research into the fundamental causes of diabetes at Karolinska Institutet, aiming to develop more effective treatments for the disease. The project will use unique methods to study insulin regulation in living organisms and identify new targets for drugs.
Research over 20 years shows physical punishment harms children's development, increasing aggression and mental health problems. Interventions like positive discipline can reduce difficult behaviour in children.
A new University of Georgia study reveals the gender wage gap has decreased sharply over 30 years, with a decline of nearly 50%, after accounting for common biases in survey data. The research found that men and women tend to underestimate income when reporting on someone else's behalf.
A new scoring method, DRAGON score, can accurately predict stroke patient outcomes three months after treatment with alteplase. The score is 86% accurate and can be calculated in under a minute.
A study found that national political leaders play a key role in shaping public opinion on climate change, with a peak in agreement between Democrats and Republicans in 2006-2007. However, public concern has since dropped as partisanship increased.
Researchers found US consumers prefer sustainably grown US cotton over conventional practices. Transparency is key to promoting sales, with consumers willing to pay up to $5 more for a $30 shirt made from US-grown cotton.
Researchers in France have developed a way to deposit thin aluminum RFID tags on paper using thermal evaporation, reducing the cost of RFID tagging. This approach could enable single printed sheets or flyers to be tagged and open up RFID tagging to more systems.
MassGeneral Hospital for Children researchers found 27 new candidate genes for CDH using sophisticated data-filtering strategy. The findings may lead to development of new diagnostics and preventive treatments for the deadly birth defect.
A recent study from University of Utah biologists found that the diversity of immune-system MHC genes is maintained through an 'arms race' between genes and germs, where pathogens evolve to evade the immune response, but also create new opportunities for other variants to emerge. This phenomenon helps explain why some disease-susceptib...
A recent study published in Archives of General Psychiatry found no association between first-trimester induced abortion and increased risk of psychiatric readmission among women with a history of treated mental disorders. In contrast, the risk was higher during the first month after childbirth.
A large Scandinavian study has found that combined oral contraceptive pills reduce painful menstrual periods by 0.3 units on the VMS scale, with a reduction of nine millimeters on the VAS scale. Increasing age also alleviated symptoms, but not as much as COC use, which had a greater effect.
Studies of diving beetles reveal that sperm form follows female reproductive organ function, challenging the paradigm of post-mating sexual selection. Researchers found diverse sperm shapes and structures adapted to navigate complex female reproductive tracts, suggesting females can drive evolutionary changes in male traits.
A new study by Rotman School of Management researchers reveals that treating time as money can undermine well-being. The study shows individuals who perceive their time as monetizable tend to experience greater impatience and lower satisfaction during leisure activities compared to those who do not.
Researchers found a proactive test-and-treat strategy significantly reduced malaria prevalence, with a sixfold decrease in 2008-2009. The strategy also provided indirect protection to household members and could be targeted to hot spots for further reductions.
Researchers at CRCHUM made a key discovery about insulin secretion regulation in the body, which has important implications for treating Type 2 diabetes. The study mapped the pathway that glucose stimulates to produce insulin and identified genetic processes involved.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center discovered that copper is essential for detecting sulfur-containing substances, which are responsible for strong odors. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests a possible link between copper and drug receptor responses.
Researchers from UNH's Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping used multibeam echo sounders to map the entire Mariana Trench, discovering four bridges spanning its depth of 10,994 meters. The bridges are thought to be formed by the collision of tectonic plates, providing new insights into Earth's complex geology.
A new study from the University of Haifa found that emotional and instrumental support from a supervisor can significantly reduce employee absenteeism and increase productivity. The study also highlights the importance of co-worker support in mitigating the effects of stress at work, leading to improved overall well-being.