Researchers analyzed data from 782 hospitals on 127,950 Medicare beneficiaries with acute ischemic stroke. They found that including stroke severity in hospital mortality models significantly improved predicting the risk of death within 30 days and changed performance rankings for many hospitals.
Researchers developed a new method to map how physicians share patients, revealing practice variation and potential for improving patient outcomes at lower costs. The study suggests that natural networks formed by shared patient-sharing can shed light on the spread of innovation and influence practice differences across geographic areas.
A study found that interferon beta treatment did not slow disease progression in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The researchers compared patients treated with interferon beta to those without treatment, but did not find a significant difference in disability progression.
A novel approach using a gift card incentive is being tested in a new HIV study. Patients who adhere to HIV treatment regularly can receive rewards and motivation through the program, which aims to improve patient engagement and viral suppression.
A pilot study found that adding vitamin B12 to standard hepatitis C virus treatment significantly boosts the body's ability to keep the virus at bay, especially in patients with genotype 1 HCV or high viral loads. The treatment strengthened the rate of sustained viral response by 34%.
A multicenter clinical trial published in JAMA found that silymarin supplements have no effect on serum ALT levels or hepatitis C virus levels. The study involved 154 patients with chronic hepatitis C and showed no significant differences in response between treatment groups.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a collection of compounds called bryologs that can activate latent HIV reservoirs with equal or greater potency than the original substance. The discovery holds promise as a practical way to flush out dormant viruses, offering hope for a cure for AIDS patients.
A study examines how physicians' professional networks vary in different regions of the US, finding patterns that reflect personal traits and practice styles. Connected physicians tend to share similar patient demographics, hospital affiliations, and geographical locations.
Tropical Storm Khanun is expected to increase in power and affect South and North Korea as it moves northward through the Yellow Sea. The TRMM satellite provided a 3-D view of Khanun's rainfall structure, showing powerful convective storms near the center pushing to heights of about 17 kilometers.
A new study by Patrick Coughlin and Jay Wade found that macho men who accept their partner's higher income have better quality relationships. Conversely, those with traditional masculinity ideologies report low-quality relationships due to the disparity in income.
Research found associations between exposure to certain organic solvents and an increased risk of heart defects in newborns. The study, published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, suggests that workplace exposure to organic solvents may be a potential risk factor for several types of congenital heart defects at birth.
New research reveals that adolescents and young adult cancer patients often lack access to the necessary psychological, social support, and information resources. Studies found significant proportions of patients in this age group report unmet needs for mental health services, camp programs, and age-appropriate online resources.
Scientists at Hebrew University and Weizmann Institute discover interaction between proteins responsible for programmed cell death, allowing for potential anti-cancer therapies. The study's findings have the potential to stimulate apoptosis in cancer cells by interfering with protein regulation.
A large international study found that marijuana use during pregnancy more than doubles the risk of premature birth. The study identified strong family history, pre-eclampsia, vaginal bleeds, and diabetes as major risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth.
The roadmap provides evidence-based solutions to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities, emphasizing the need for integrating disparities reduction into broader quality improvement efforts. Successful interventions utilize team approaches, patient navigation, cultural tailoring, and interactive skill-based training.
A new study from Purdue University found that children who were frequently abused by their parents are more likely to develop cancer in adulthood. The researchers also discovered that the link between abuse and cancer is stronger when fathers abuse sons and mothers abuse daughters.
A study published in Biology Letters found that humans punish cheats only when they end up better off than the punisher, challenging the notion of revenge-based motivation. The researchers aimed to clarify the relationship between punishment and cooperation by investigating underlying motivations.
A recent study from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston found that delivering a high-birth-weight infant more than doubles a woman's breast cancer risk. The researchers suggest that this increased risk is due to an elevated hormonal environment during pregnancy, which creates a pro-carcinogenic effect.
A research team at University at Buffalo has created synthetic pores inspired by nature, which selectively allow potassium ions and water to pass through while restricting other substances. The discovery paves the way for new technologies in water purification, tumor treatment, and disease regulation.
The AACR-Kure It Grant will support innovative kidney cancer research, aiming to improve patient survival and quality of life. The grant recipient will receive $250,000 over two years and recognition at the AACR Annual Meeting.
A major study by economists Joseph P. Kaboski and Robert M. Townsend found that a large microfinance program in Thailand increased wages by approximately 7% in villages that received funding. The authors argue that the wage impacts may be due to more efficient distribution of capital, benefiting labor demand.
The CDC's Expert Panel on Protective Factors for Youth Violence recommends a new research approach to identify protective factors that can reduce the likelihood of violence. The findings highlight the importance of understanding factors that protect youth from engaging in violent behavior.
Griffith University researchers analyze ancient human remains to determine the origins of people in South-east Asia and Australia. The study identifies two waves of human migration through Asia and detects historic patterns of interbreeding among early people.
The study found that children with cancer were more likely to survive if they participated in clinical trials, particularly for rare tumours like hepatoblastoma. Between 1978 and 2005, the percentage of children enrolled in trials increased, leading to significant improvements in survival rates across various cancers.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation Scientific Council has recognized six exceptional young researchers for their outstanding contributions to mental health research. The awards honor achievements in clinical and basic mental health research, including studies on vascular disease, synaptic dysfunction, and mood disorders.
Researchers from Kiel University and Hamburg University of Technology have developed Aerographite, a three-dimensionally interwoven porous carbon tube material that is incredibly strong yet extremely light. The material has unique properties, including being electrically conductive, ductile, and non-transparent.
Research by IDIBELL-UB reveals that exposure to IDPN nitrile leads to accumulations of neurofilaments similar to those found in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This finding suggests a potential link between environmental toxins and ALS, with implications for new treatment approaches.
Scientists found that agoutis, common rodents in tropical lowlands, buried seeds at a scale previously unknown. This behavior likely prevented large-seeded plants from becoming extinct when their primary dispersers disappeared over 10,000 years ago.
Researchers have developed a new experimental drug that reduces brain damage and improves motor skills in stroke-afflicted rodents. The drug, 3K3A-APC, extends the therapeutic window of tPA, allowing for more effective treatment beyond the three-hour time frame.
Experts warn that revealing biomarker results to asymptomatic individuals can cause anxiety and depression, while safeguards are needed to prevent marginalization or mistreatment. The prevention trial aims to better understand how older adults make sense of risk information and its impact on health and well-being.
Despite criticism that local school boards are outdated, Americans favor local control, with over 40 years of public surveys showing strong support for local governance. Local leaders should be involved in shaping federal policies and receiving resources to implement them.
Researchers developed a new approach to creating microchip structures using self-assembling polymers, producing arrays of wires with perfect square and rectangular patterns. This technique can create complex shapes, such as cylinders, spheres, and double cylinders, with a simple template.
A novel model of a rapid response team, called Triggers, was evaluated for its effectiveness in detecting and managing clinical instability. The study found that this approach yielded similar outcomes as traditional rapid response teams staffed with intensive care specialists.
Researchers at UCSB discovered a variation of an enzyme's ability to 'hop' along DNA, modifying genetic material and physical capabilities in bacteria. The study provides insight into epigenetic gene regulation and its potential applications in biomedical fields.
Stanford researchers estimate that radiation from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster may cause 15-1,300 deaths and 24-2,500 cancer cases, mainly in Japan. The study uses a 3-D global atmospheric model to predict radioactive material transport and human exposure.
Research published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that certain jobs carried out by fathers may be linked to an increased risk of birth defects in their babies. Jobs such as mathematicians, physicists, and computer scientists, as well as artists and photographers, were associated with a higher risk of birth defects.
Directly targeting microRNA-125b to block androgen receptor activity represents a novel approach for treating castrate-resistant prostate cancer. The study provides new insight into the mechanism of miR-125b regulation of castrate-resistance prostate cancer.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, which promotes breast cancer cell colonization of bone. Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, can prevent this process by inhibiting sympathetic nervous system signals.
A recent study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that high vitamin E intake from diet or supplements is associated with lower liver cancer risk. The analysis included 132,837 individuals and showed a clear inverse dose-response relation between vitamin E intake and liver cancer risk.
Researchers used tiny artificial fiber scaffolds to help develop cartilage in laboratory and animal models. The use of nanofiber scaffolds improved tissue development and repair, producing more durable type 2 collagen, which is usually lacking in surgically repaired cartilage tissue.
Researchers found that silymarin supplements did not improve liver function or reduce symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant chronic hepatitis C. The study suggests that alternative treatments may be needed for this disease, which affects nearly 3% of the global population.
Researchers at Polytechnic University of Catalonia developed an algorithm using Japanese tree frogs' calling behavior to solve the graph coloring problem, ensuring efficient color assignment in wireless networks. The new approach enables optimizing WiFi connections and improving energy efficiency.
Researchers have designed an algorithm that enables robots to navigate and view complex structures on ships, including propellers and shafts, using sonar data. The system can detect small mines as small as an iPod and significantly improves the robot's path length, making it competitive with divers in speed and efficiency.
Researchers found long-range correlation between letters and words within texts, enabling conclusions about topic connections. Burstiness analysis also reveals representative words in passages.
A social entrepreneurship approach for sexual health optimization is being explored, focusing on decentralized community delivery and multisectoral networks. The authors argue that this approach has great promise in delivering comprehensive sexual health interventions to most-at-risk populations.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers found that people with physical health problems are three times more likely to seek mental health care. The study highlights the need for better-coordinated care between physical and mental health providers.
Researchers at Caltech have found evidence of a link between immune irregularities and autism. The study suggests that specific changes in an overactive immune system can contribute to autism-like behaviors in mice, potentially related to prenatal experiences.
Researchers aim to achieve superconductivity at non-cryogenic temperatures by studying polariton condensates, a phenomenon exhibiting quantum collective behavior. Theoretical physicist Eric Bittner and experimentalist Carlos Silva will collaborate on the project.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation and Sohn Conference Foundation have named three outstanding young scientists as the first-ever Pediatric Cancer Research Fellows. The awardees, Lara E. Davis, Angela J. Sievert, and Leo Wang, will receive $186,000 each to tackle cancers in children and young adults.
A large cohort study found that high vitamin E intake from diet or supplements is associated with a lower risk of liver cancer. The study included over 132,000 individuals and analyzed data from two population-based cohort studies conducted in China.
A Purdue University study found that soil microbes can affect how glyphosate affects plants, potentially making resistant weeds more resistant to disease pressure. This discovery challenges existing understanding of glyphosate resistance and highlights the importance of considering soil microbes in weed management.
Remnants of Hurricane Emilia appear as a light swirl of clouds about 800 miles east-southeast of Hilo, moving west at close to 20 mph. Conditions are not favorable for re-development, and the storm is expected to weaken to depression status in cooler waters.
Biologists present a simple way to estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY) using catch data and species resilience. The new method has been tested on 148 fish stocks with excellent agreement compared to traditional methods.
A study by University of Chicago Press Journals found that consumers often focus on the central option when choosing products, despite not being aware of this bias. This can lead to suboptimal decisions, particularly for low-involvement choices such as frequent purchases.
A study at Stanford University reveals the mechanical mechanisms in living cells, showing that cadherin-catenin-actin structure exerts force inside and between cells in living tissues. This understanding could have implications for biological processes such as tissue development, tumor growth, and complex organism formation.
Researchers found that victory poses signal feelings of triumph immediately after a win, challenging previous research on pride. Triumph expressions are automatic and universal across cultures, occurring on average 4 seconds after the end of a judo match.
Researchers at Rice University and Lockheed Martin have developed a process to create multiple high-performance anodes from a single silicon wafer for lithium-ion batteries. The new method uses electrochemical etching to extract the sponge-like structure, which can store more than four times its weight in lithium.
Harvard researchers found that a fungus produces superoxide, which oxidizes manganese, forming reactive minerals used for water cleanup and nutrient control. The discovery lends insight to environmental remediation and raises questions about the role of fungi in biogeochemistry.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a gene therapy treatment that extends the lives of mice with spinal muscular atrophy by introducing a missing gene into their central nervous systems. This breakthrough offers new hope for treating humans with SMA, potentially providing a cure within 12-18 months.
CSIRO will produce a large quantity of antibodies specific to rotavirus strains used in developing vaccines, aiding the project's goal of increasing access and effectiveness of existing commercial vaccines worldwide. The production facility will supply antibodies for five years, supporting the development of new, affordable rotavirus v...