A new study found large numbers of humpback whales remaining in Antarctic bays until late autumn, with densities estimated at up to 1.75 whales per square kilometer. This challenges previous thought that the annual migrations would begin earlier.
A study found that nurse burnout is associated with higher healthcare-associated infection rates and increased costs for hospitals. Analyzing data from over 7,000 registered nurses, researchers discovered that each additional patient assigned to a nurse corresponds to roughly one additional infection per 1,000 patients.
A study by Clara Xiaoling Chen and Tatiana Sandino found that higher wages are associated with lower levels of employee theft, even after controlling for other factors. The researchers suggest that paying relatively higher wages discourages employee theft as employees wish to retain their job or exhibit positive reciprocity.
Child psychological abuse is linked to disorders of attachment, developmental and educational problems, socialization problems and disruptive behaviour. The effects of psychological maltreatment during the first three years of life can be particularly profound.
A recent Berkeley-Haas study reveals the most critical success factors of extraordinary CIOs, including invisible yet influential drivers that set them apart from their peers. The research, conducted by the Fisher CIO Leadership Program, sheds light on industry trends and best practices.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that liver cancer cells lose the ability to produce glucose due to microRNA-23a overexpression. Suppressing miR-23a might reverse this process and offer a new treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer.
Researchers at A*STAR's Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology have devised a fast and cost-saving way to uncover genetic changes associated with cancer. By studying fruit flies, they identified new 'cooperating' genes that work together to cause aggressive cancer.
Researchers have developed a new stem cell therapy that uses patient's own cells to regenerate craniofacial tissues, resulting in greater bone density and quicker bone repair. The treatment is best suited for large defects such as those resulting from trauma, diseases or birth defects.
A team of researchers has discovered the eating habits of Diplodocus, a giant herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic period, using a three-dimensional model of its skull. The study found that branch stripping was the most stress-free eating behavior for the dinosaur.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a new coating called SLIPS that can prevent the formation of biofilms on surfaces. The technology, which is smooth and slippery due to an immobilized liquid layer, has been shown to reduce the formation of disease-causing bacteria by up to 96%.
Researchers have identified how EPHA3 gene mutations may promote lung cancer. The study found that loss of the gene diminishes its tumor-suppressive effect, potentially sparking tumor growth. The findings suggest that therapies targeting a downstream pathway may be beneficial for tumors with mutant EPHA3.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have identified a new genetic target, pendrin, for diuretic therapy. The study suggests that targeting pendrin could lead to a targeted treatment option for patients with severe fluid overload who may not respond well to current diuretics.
Ben-Gurion University researchers have been awarded 70 new individual and team grants from the Israel Science Foundation to support various research projects. These grants cover different disciplines, including psychology, materials engineering, and environmental science.
Researchers have visual evidence that tiny airborne pollutants separate into distinct chemical compositions, with implications for modeling global climate change and predicting air quality conditions. This separation affects the rates of chemical reactions, light reflection and absorption, and cloud formation.
A new study by Duke University scientists reveals that surface coal mining is severely impacting water quality in southern West Virginia. The research found that just five percent of upstream land conversion can lead to the degradation of up to 22% of streams, with salinity levels and insect biodiversity declining substantially.
Researchers have identified the ATP1A3 gene as the primary cause of Alternating Hemplegia of Childhood in the majority of patients. This discovery was made possible by next-generation sequencing and an international database of affected individuals, providing a new tool for diagnosis and potentially effective therapies.
A study found that stage IV cancer patients on Medicare are more likely to undergo high-cost diagnostic imaging procedures, which may be driven by the increasing number of treatment options available. The use of imaging has steadily increased between 1995 and 2006, with costs rising faster than overall cancer care costs.
The US Army Research Laboratory is developing a system to train rats to detect improvised explosive devices and mines. Trained rats can search smaller spaces than dogs and are easier to transport, making them ideal for mine removal and homeland security tasks.
Scientists at Drexel University have found that a key protein involved in nerve cell repair is produced locally in the axons, triggering a molecular distress signal. This discovery may help better understand and control the repair process to speed up recovery from nerve injuries.
Scientists identify key players in the infection warning system within living cells, enhancing the body's defenses against viruses. RIG-I-like receptors and 14-3-3 epsilon protein interactions play a crucial role in detecting viral RNA and triggering an immune response.
A multi-center study found that patients who undergo complete kidney removal are 3.5 times more likely to develop erectile dysfunction compared to those with kidney reconstruction. Researchers suggest that total kidney removal may also increase the risk of metabolic diseases and decrease quality of life.
Researchers develop method to measure individual particle charge, allowing for precise control over nano particles' behavior. This enables improved understanding of nanoscale phenomena and potential applications in medicine.
A recent study published in Health Care Management Review found that mandatory individual insurance coverage in Massachusetts led to a significant near-term drop in hospital productivity. The results raise concerns about the potential impact of universal health insurance coverage on US hospital productivity and overall healthcare costs.
Medical researchers at the University of Alberta found that parents prefer terms like 'large' or 'gaining too much weight' when discussing their child's weight, rather than the term 'obese'. This suggests that using more neutral and descriptive language can reduce stigma and improve the physician-patient relationship.
The Mayo Clinic Health System is part of a national learning collaborative to improve health care in rural communities. The project aims to standardize operations and efficiencies across Montana's medical practices, leveraging research to solve the nation's health care problems.
The study suggests that eliminating the PSA test would result in more men being diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer, leading to higher mortality rates. Prostate cancer death rates have been reduced by nearly 40% over the past 20 years, largely due to early detection through PSA testing.
A new tool enables anyone to easily access 13 years of NASA Landsat images, allowing for seamless zooming and time-travel exploration. The enhanced access facilitates discoveries on deforestation, climate change, and environmental policy.
A recent study has pushed back the estimated emergence of the Later Stone Age in South Africa to approximately 44,000 to 42,000 years ago. This finding suggests that early humans inhabited the region during this time period, coinciding with the migration of modern humans from Africa to Europe around 45,000 years ago.
A training tool called DECISION+2 helps physicians involve patients in decision-making, reducing the need for antibiotics for acute respiratory infections. The study found that patients who used DECISION+2 were significantly less likely to report using antibiotics immediately after consultation.
A Harvard researcher has found that using traditional, natural medicines can provide significant economic benefits, with households in Madagascar receiving between $30 and $45 per year. The study suggests that if Americans relied on these remedies, they could save up to 63% of their annual healthcare bill.
A colossal human figure, 1.5m tall, with intricate details and Hieroglyphic Luwian inscription, was discovered at the Tayinat gate complex in southeastern Turkey. The sculpture is part of a monumental gate complex that dated back to the Neo-Hittite Kingdom of Patina.
Tropical Storm Damrey is a compact storm system with strong thunderstorms and high cloud tops, expected to pass north of Iwo To, Japan. Forecasters predict the storm will track west-northwest over the next three days before making landfall near Shanghai, China.
A pilot study suggests that health coaches, either professional or peer-based, can lead to clinically significant weight losses of at least 5% in obese individuals. This approach may be a cost-effective strategy to combat the obesity epidemic, which affects one-third of American adults.
Researchers studied how different types of smiling affect stress recovery, finding that Duchenne smiles had the greatest impact on reducing heart rates and improving mood. Smiling may be a simple yet effective way to cope with stressful situations.
A recent study published in Journal of Physical Activity and Health found that parents can positively impact their children's physical activity by increasing their own activity levels. When mothers reached or exceeded a daily step goal, their children took significantly more steps on average.
A UCI study reveals that individuals with stellar autobiographical memory exhibit distinct brain variations and statistical evidence of obsessive-compulsive tendencies. These unique traits enable them to effortlessly recall every moment of their lives since age 10.
The American College of Physicians recommends against routine electrocardiogram (ECG) screening for asymptomatic adults at low risk for coronary heart disease, as it may lead to unnecessary procedures and overtreatment. The Task Force also found inadequate evidence that ECG screening in this population reduces the risk for CHD events.
Researchers aim to reduce turbine center of gravity, machine complexity, and maintenance costs. Curved VAWT blades pose manufacturing challenges, while unsteady loading and lack of aerodynamic braking systems remain hurdles for large-scale offshore power generation.
A novel intervention called Emotion Detectives Treatment Protocol (EDTP) has shown significant reductions in anxiety and depression severity after treatment. The program adapts age-appropriate techniques from adult and adolescent protocols to educate children about emotions, problem-solving skills, and behavior activation.
The FASEB MARC Program has awarded $14,800 to 8 recipients at the 2012 SSR Annual Meeting to promote diversity in biomedical research. The program aims to increase the number of underrepresented minorities engaged in biomedical research.
Researchers have developed multiprover interactive proofs that are resilient against entanglement, a breakthrough that has implications for cryptography and quantum physics. The findings provide insight into the complexity of computational problems and demonstrate the limitations of quantum information in cheating mechanisms.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have discovered a connection between changes in heat flow from the Earth's core into the base of the overlying mantle and variations in the long-term reversal rate of the magnetic field. The study suggests that this process may lead to an increase in large igneous provinces, potentially affect...
Researchers propose a mechanism of individual interaction to understand collective macroscopic behavior, finding power-law tails in some models. The diversity of saving propensity among individuals plays a role in shaping the distribution of wealth.
A team of international researchers has dated and directly analyzed organic artifacts from Border Cave in South Africa, revealing evidence of San material culture dating back 44,000 years. This finding pushes the timeline for the emergence of modern human culture earlier than previously thought.
Typhoon Saola is approaching Taiwan but stretches over the north and central Philippines, triggering warnings. The storm's huge extent has triggered public storm warning signals across several provinces.
A surgical patient safety program combining accurate outcome measurement, leadership support, and engaged frontline providers reduces SSI rates in patients undergoing colorectal procedures by 33 percent. The program led to a notable reduction in wound infections, resulting in cost savings of up to $280,000 at the institution.
The study found that without PSA testing, approximately 25,000 cases of advanced prostate cancer would occur in 2008, three times the actual number observed. This would result in more men experiencing aggressive disease with limited treatment options.
Researchers found that localized pathways created by winds, currents, and eddies draw waters down into the deep ocean, locking away carbon from the atmosphere. This improved understanding helps predict effects of climate change on ocean carbon absorption.
A new University of Utah-led study suggests that global cooling, rather than population collapse, was the primary driver of reduced wildfires globally. The research analyzed charcoal samples spanning 2,000 years and found a significant decline in fires post-1500 AD, which coincided with the onset of the Little Ice Age.
Researchers found two new potassium channels, SK3 and GIRK, that activate the vomeronasal organ's pheromone detection, overriding previous theories on sensory neuron function. The discovery provides clues to innate behaviors in humans and challenges existing knowledge on the VNO's role.
Scientists studying giant ice avalanches on Iapetus have found that the coefficient of friction is lower than expected, suggesting a new mechanism for reducing friction during landslides. The findings challenge existing theories and provide insights into the mobility of icy moons in the solar system.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered a gene mutation causing Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC), a rare disorder characterized by unpredictable paralysis and seizures. The study's findings suggest a potential treatment, with genetic testing to accurately diagnose patients and prevent misdiagnoses.
Researchers identified NMNAT1 mutations as a cause of Leber congenital amaurosis, a leading cause of inherited blindness in children. The study provides important evidence for gene therapy targeting NMNAT1.
A study published in Nature Geoscience suggests that rapid mantle convection may influence the Earth's magnetic field, which is produced by convection currents in the liquid core. The research team found that changes in heat flow and density distribution in the mantle could lead to more frequent or less frequent geomagnetic reversals.
Scientists warn that chronic droughts like the 2000-04 event could become more frequent and severe, leading to ecosystem damage and reduced carbon sequestration. The region's ability to absorb carbon dioxide may decline by the end of the century, exacerbating global warming.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital researchers found that the cell surface molecule OX40 induces the production of IL-9, leading to airway inflammation. This discovery may impact the treatment of chronic inflammation, such as allergic reactions and organ transplant rejection.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a side-view imaging technique to visualize individual graphene layers in devices, finding that structures are remarkably stable even with multiple layers. This achievement has significant implications for the engineering of graphene-based computer chips.
Researchers from Massachusetts Eye and Ear have isolated the elusive human gene NMNAT1, which causes Leber congenital amaurosis, a rare but devastating form of early-onset blindness. The discovery is a significant step towards developing sight-saving gene therapy.
A study reveals that charge traps in plastic semiconductors are caused by a similar energy level, allowing for the estimation of expected electron current and design of trap-free materials. This breakthrough has important implications for both plastic LEDs and solar cells.
A team of international scientists has identified the new gene responsible for Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA), a devastating genetic form of blindness in newborns. NMNAT1 is crucial for life and produces a vital coenzyme called NAD, involved in hundreds of reactions in the cell.