Researchers at UC Davis discovered that early-life diet and metabolic changes can stimulate breast growth and increase the risk of breast cancer, independent of estrogen levels. The study used mice with a diet supplemented with CLA to mimic metabolic syndrome, which was found to increase mammary duct growth and tumor formation.
A team of Cardiff University scientists is working on a NATO project to develop an effective anthrax vaccine against the threat of bioterrorism. The goal is to protect civilians and workers at risk from infection with Bacillus anthracis.
Researchers found that people's home cities shape their moral character, with quicker decisions indicating a more positive moral evaluation. A glucose mouth rinse was also shown to refuel willpower, suggesting a simple yet effective way to overcome self-control depletion.
Mercyhurst University researchers have developed new protocols for managing cervical spine injuries in football players, with the goal of achieving the highest level of care. The research, conducted in collaboration with Sports Medicine Concepts and the NFL, aims to standardize emergency management protocols and improve on-field response.
A majority of adults believe schools should take action when kids bully for physical safety, humiliation, or rumors, but only half say isolating students socially is enough to prompt intervention. The poll highlights differing views on what constitutes bullying and the need for schools to address this important childhood health issue.
Researchers developed a method to predict if pregnant women with preterm contractions will give birth within seven days. The new blood test combines two specific proteins with an ultrasound examination of the cervix, offering possibilities to delay delivery and prepare care for premature babies.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that Enfamil Human Milk Fortifier Acidified Liquid promotes significantly higher weight, length, and head circumference growth in preterm infants compared to powdered fortifiers. The ultra-concentrated liquid fortifier is well-tolerated and safe for use in neonatal care settings.
Researchers have discovered that Alpine glaciers contain diverse biogeochemical complexes of dissolved organic matter, which is surprisingly bioavailable. This finding highlights the importance of glaciers as 'freezers' that preserve organic matter for microbial heterotrophs.
A new study found that the area with sufficient snow cover for ringed seals to reproduce will disappear by almost 70% this century. The researchers anticipate that the loss of sea ice will lead to insufficient snow depth, causing caves to collapse and hindering the seals' ability to raise their pups.
Researchers will investigate sulfenylation, a process that can lead to cellular stress and damage, to find new treatments for lung and breast cancers. The study aims to modify the process with potential drug compounds to diagnose and monitor diseases.
Cystic fibrosis causes two abnormalities in the pancreas that affect insulin production, leading to diabetes. The study also found that CF can disrupt insulin regulation as early as birth, with defects in chloride channel protein potentially contributing to the problem.
A large-scale study found that children with migraine headaches are more likely to experience social and attention issues, as well as anxiety and depression. The study, published in the journal Cephalalgia, suggests that headache frequency is a key factor in these behavioral difficulties.
Researchers have elucidated how muscle stem cells colonize niches for efficient growth and repair. They found that these stem cells weaken when located outside their muscle fiber niches, leading to weakened muscles. The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in preventing differentiation of stem cells into muscle cells.
Elder abuse affects 4% of Canadian seniors, with an estimated 200,000 to 500,000 people experiencing abuse or neglect. A comprehensive approach is needed, including financial support for caregivers and education, training, and respite programs.
A new feasibility study by Temple University researchers found that a 6-month clinic-based community program helped 10% fewer children overcome obesity. The program, which included weight loss and management lessons for kids and their parents, was successfully implemented in the community.
A new report from the American Cancer Society reveals that cancer has surpassed heart disease as the leading cause of death among Hispanics in the US. The report highlights the unique factors contributing to this trend, including age distribution, socioeconomic status, and immigration history.
A new blood test has been developed to measure levels of the toxic protein that causes Huntington's disease, which builds up gradually in blood cells over time. The research found that levels of mutant huntingtin protein corresponded to brain shrinkage, and may help explain how damage accumulates, eventually causing symptoms.
Researchers have developed a novel microscopy technique that captures precise motion paths of large numbers of rapidly moving objects under a microscope. The technique recorded the paths of 24,000 human male gamete cells over several seconds, revealing previously unknown statistical pathways.
The Blue Brain Project has accurately predicted the locations of synapses in a cortical microcircuit, demonstrating key principles that govern brain structure and function. This breakthrough enables the creation of near-perfect models of the nervous system, shedding light on how brains are constructed from diverse populations of neurons.
A study comparing bariatric surgical procedures found that the duodenal switch (DS) achieves better weight loss and controls co-existing illnesses in patients with a BMI over 50. The DS was also associated with lower weight loss failure rates and improved comorbidity control compared to gastric bypass.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a new technique for manipulating nanoparticles using low-power optical nanotweezers. The method, which operates at average power levels 100x lower than standard laser pointers, enables precise trapping and probing of fragile biological samples.
Researchers at USDA's ARS have identified sorghum as a promising bioenergy crop thanks to its drought tolerance, versatility, and high biomass content. The plant can produce sugar that can be converted into biofuel, making it an attractive alternative for the southern US region.
A new training program targeting specific memory recall has been shown to alleviate symptoms of depression in adolescents. The study found that participants who received the intervention recalled more specific memories and showed fewer symptoms of depression compared to those in a control group.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have successfully conducted dry-run experiments on a key aspect of their MagLIF nuclear fusion concept. The experiments tested the durability of cylindrical beryllium liners under intense magnetic fields, with promising results that suggest the concept is moving closer to achieving scientific...
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg conducted a study on children's game playing, focusing on the educational game Fingu. The results showed that curiosity and imagination could be improved in the game, while also emphasizing the importance of understanding how different game designs affect parent-child interactions.
Researchers found pyridomycin selectively kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including strains resistant to front-line drug isoniazid. The natural antibiotic targets the InhA enzyme, which is essential for bacterial cell wall production.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic have found that vitamin E may reduce cancer risk in individuals with Cowden Syndrome, a genetic disorder that increases the risk of breast and thyroid cancers. Vitamin E's antioxidant properties may help prevent cellular damage caused by mutations in succinate dehydrogenase genes.
Researchers develop a non-invasive method to track Huntington's disease progression by detecting mutant huntingtin protein in immune cells. Additionally, CXCR1/2 inhibition improves pancreatic islet survival after transplantation, and the loss of thyroid stimulating hormone contributes to osteoporosis.
Researchers found that viewers' bodily responses are more intense when watching ads for their preferred candidate, but less reactive to opposing candidate's ads. The study used physiological measures such as heart rate and skin conductance to analyze participants' emotional responses to campaign ads.
A team of researchers at Indiana University has discovered that spontaneous mutation rates in E. coli DNA are three times lower than previously thought. The study also found that mismatch repair proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of guanine-cytosine and adenine-thymine content in the genome.
Recent GSA Bulletin articles discuss tectonics, mineral formation, the Moho, age dating using zircon crystals, atmospheric CO2, and early animal evolution. Slow faults in Spain produce large earthquakes with thousand-year recurrence periods.
Researchers discovered that a protein called SIRT1 rewrites the histone code in developing fetuses, affecting their likelihood of being overweight or obese. Modifying fat intake during pregnancy to a moderate level can benefit children, regardless of mother's size.
The Dark Energy Camera, the most powerful sky-mapping machine ever created, has captured and recorded its first images in Chile. The camera will use data from the largest galaxy survey to study galaxy clusters, supernovae, and dark energy.
A study by Vanderbilt University psychologists found that women are better than men at recognizing living organisms, such as birds and animals. In contrast, men tend to perform better in recognizing vehicles like cars and airplanes.
Cold atmospheric gas plasma technology has shown promise in inactivating Salmonella on fresh produce, but exposure length varies greatly depending on the type of produce. Researchers discovered that food surfaces' microscopic structures can block plasma from reaching bacteria, affecting treatment efficacy.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences predicts that rapid urban expansion will have significant impacts on global biodiversity hotspots. By 2030, urban areas are expected to expand by over 463,000 square miles, coinciding with infrastructure development that will transform land cover and cities globally.
Scientists from University of Miami's Deep-C consortium studied ocean heat content, salinity, and currents during Hurricane Isaac. The research aims to determine if upwelling and deep sea responses led to oil spills on the Gulf Coast.
A new study reveals that the US federal government significantly underestimates the economic damages caused by climate change. The current model ignores the impacts on future generations, resulting in underestimated costs for carbon pollution. Adopting cleaner energy sources can provide significant economic benefits and pave the way fo...
Researchers at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, have found that metformin is effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, serious infection, and death in patients with mild kidney impairment. The study suggests that metformin can be prescribed for many more patients with diabetes than previously thought.
The Legacy Bead program at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital uses glass beads to mark treatment milestones, such as losing hair or completing chemotherapy. Patients and family members can use the beads to express their feelings and create a tangible way to share their experiences.
The ecoATM system uses AI to evaluate devices, determine market value and offer recycling options. Three-fourths of collected phones find new homes, while rare earth elements are reclaimed and toxic components are recycled.
New research reveals Mercury's surface composition is dominated by minerals high in magnesium and sulfur, differing from other planets. In contrast, African dust forms red soils in Bermuda through a complex interplay of local and global climate processes. The origin of these unique features remains a topic of ongoing scientific study.
DECam, the most powerful sky survey instrument built, relies on Berkeley Lab's red-sensitive astronomical CCDs for exceptional sensitivity and resolution. This collaboration has enabled scientists to collect images of distant galaxies and measure the expansion history of the universe with unprecedented precision.
Researchers found thalidomide significantly reduced the cough and improved quality of life for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The constant cough caused by IPF can have wide-ranging effects on patients' lives, affecting daily activities and social gatherings.
Many fruit fly species lack heat resistance, making them vulnerable to predicted global temperature increases. Researchers found that most tropical and mid-latitude species are at risk of extinction without adaptation.
A large Taiwanese study of 35,871 patients with newly diagnosed shingles found no increased risk of cancer. The study suggests that enhanced surveillance for cancer after a shingles diagnosis is unnecessary, according to the authors.
A new independent analysis published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has confirmed the presence of magnetic particles at sites challenged by a group led by Todd A Surovell. The study's findings support the climate-altering cosmic impact theory, but the researchers did not declare it as proof.
A study of patients treated with warfarin suggests that resuming therapy after gastrointestinal tract bleeding is associated with a lower risk of blood clots and death. The analysis found that resuming warfarin was linked to a significantly increased risk of thrombosis and death from any cause if therapy was not resumed.
The ER-2 aircraft will fly test models of two future satellite instruments, the Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) and the Multiple Altimeter Beam Experimental Lidar (MABEL), to gather data on clouds and aerosols. These instruments will be used to improve studies of aerosol transport and cloud motion.
Researchers have identified a calcium-activated chloride channel that holds clues to reducing asthma severity. Blocking this channel has been shown to inhibit airway secretions and smooth muscle contraction, key factors in asthma attacks.
Research published in BMJ Open found that many European foods still contain high levels of trans fatty acids, putting millions at risk. While overall TFA content has fallen, Eastern Europe remains a hotspot for high levels, while Western Europe has made significant progress.
A University of Minnesota research team is developing a biodegradation technology using naturally-occurring bacteria to remove contaminants from fracking wastewater. The goal is to make the water suitable for re-use in fracking and significantly reduce industry's water usage.
Research published in BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care reveals that cancer and chronic disease account for nearly half of gradual deaths in European Union countries. The study found that thousands of people experience debilitating symptoms before passing away, emphasizing the need for palliative care strategies to improve quality of life.
A new gene has been discovered that can help make domestic tomatoes more resistant to pests, a trait shared by their wild cousins. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, identifies a gene involved in producing acyl sugars that fend off bugs.
An international team of physicists has made a groundbreaking discovery about the temperature profile in convection, which occurs in boiling liquids and turbulent movement of the Earth's outer core. The findings echo an important discovery from 1930 by Theodore von Kármán and Ludwig Prandtl, known as the Law of the Wall.
Tropical Storm Nadine strengthened to a hurricane on September 14 and weakened back to a tropical storm on September 16. NASA's Global Hawk aircraft investigated the storm, capturing data using instruments and dropsondes, while satellites obtained imagery from space.
The research aims to test two theories on Venus' geological history, focusing on its volcanic activity and plate tectonics. The team will gather data from NASA's Magellan mission and create statistical models to analyze the orientations of volcanic constructs.
Researchers found that PARP inhibitors are sensitive to HER2-positive breast cancer cells, even without a DNA repair defect. The study suggests that inhibition of NF-kB signaling may be a cause of this sensitivity, paving the way for further research and potential broadened clinical application.
A phase 3 trial confirms abiraterone acetate's efficacy in extending average survival time to 15.8 months for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. The treatment, which blocks testosterone production, also has a good safety profile.
Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital found that living in less walkable neighborhoods increases the risk of developing diabetes by 50% compared to those living in more walkable areas. The study highlights the importance of neighborhood design on health outcomes, particularly for new immigrants.
Scientists have discovered a way to quantify mutant huntingtin protein in immune cells isolated from a normal blood draw, which shows significant correlation with disease symptom severity. This breakthrough could enable the development of non-invasive biomarkers for Huntington's disease.
A study found that 40% of teenage gonorrhea and chlamydia patients experience recurrent infections within a year, highlighting the need for better education on treating sexual partners. California's pediatricians-in-training lack knowledge on expedited partner therapy, which helps prevent re-infected cases.
Recent breast cancer research at ESMO 2012 emphasizes the importance of avoiding weight gain after treatment to reduce recurrence risk. Additionally, studies focus on the correlation between body mass index and prognosis, as well as lung cancer in never-smoking women, highlighting hormonal factors and high incidence of EGFR mutation.
Jelana Stojanovic, a Kessler Foundation postdoctoral fellow, received the Research Award for Best Poster at the 2012 MS Centers Meeting. Her study used fNIRS to evaluate working memory performance in people with and without multiple sclerosis.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a system that converts speech input into passwords, reducing the risk of fraudsters obtaining voice biometric data. The system uses different mathematical functions to generate hundreds of alphanumeric strings, providing an additional level of security.
The NAVVIS positioning system relies on imaging data to determine exact position and direction indoors. It compares a user's photo with stored database images to reveal location, ideal for maze-like buildings like TUM's campus.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered a new enzyme called BACE2 that destroys beta-amyloid, a toxic protein fragment associated with Alzheimer's disease. The discovery suggests that impairments in BACE2 may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and could lead to gene therapy as a potential treatment.
A study by MIT estimates that tropical regions will see 10% heavier rainfall extremes with every 1 degree Celsius rise in temperature, posing significant risks for flooding. The research suggests a higher sensitivity of tropical extreme rainfall to global warming than previously thought.
Researchers at Oregon State University are developing a photosynthetic biorefinery to produce affordable products from diatoms. They aim to create a facility that can simultaneously produce semiconductors, biomedical products and biofuels using cheap materials like silicon and nitrates.
Researchers from Cardiff University found that the different tones of a dying black hole can provide insight into its mass and spin. By analyzing these tones, scientists may be able to weigh two black holes after they've collided and merged, potentially testing Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Researchers have found identical strains of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter coli in both antibiotic-free and conventionally raised pigs. The study suggests that the environment plays a key role in the persistence of these resistant pathogens, regardless of antimicrobial usage by pork producers.
Researchers at Rice University and three other US institutions are embarking on a five-year study to uncover the causes of hemoglobin toxicity in blood plasma. The study aims to develop strategies to prevent, reduce or reverse acellular hemoglobin toxicity.
A team led by UC Riverside's John Trumble has been recognized for its research on zebra chip disease, which devastated the potato industry. The team developed new techniques to identify the pathogen and developed sustainable integrated pest management programs that enable growers to minimize potential negative effects on the environment.
A study of 12,700 children across eight European countries found that only children have a 50% higher risk of obesity compared to their peers. The research controlled for various factors, such as gender and parental weight, but still showed a strong correlation between singleton status and overweight.
A UK study published in The Lancet found that people who self-harm are more than three times as likely to die prematurely from natural causes, with deaths due to diseases of the digestive and circulatory systems being a major contributor. The risk is higher for individuals living in socially deprived areas.
Researchers at UC Irvine's Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a key genetic pathway responsible for melanoma cells' resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting this pathway could lead to the development of new treatments for the deadly skin cancer, which claims nearly 10,000 U.S. lives each year.
Tropical Storm Kristy weakened to a remnant low pressure area while Hurricane Lane strengthened into a hurricane, according to NASA's Terra satellite observations. Lane exhibited a tighter circulation than Kristy, prompting warnings of life-threatening surf and rip current conditions in southern and central Baja California.
US schools are not adequately prepared for pandemics due to a lack of written plans and coordination with local agencies. Researchers at SLU's Institute for Biosecurity surveyed over 2000 nurses and found that only 48% of schools address pandemic preparedness, emphasizing the need for annual reviews and nurse involvement.
Scientists at Duke University found that regions of the brain involved in planning and controlling complex vocal sequences are also necessary for memorizing sounds used in vocal imitation. This finding has broader implications for diagnosing and treating human developmental disorders.
Hospital-initiated transitional care strategies reduce unnecessary health services use and improve patient outcomes for adults with acute stroke or myocardial infarction. Electronic record use, medication reconciliation, and shared follow-up planning also enhance patient transition from hospital to primary care.
Typhoon Sanba made landfall in southern South Korea on Sept. 17, causing power outages, canceled flights, and ferries. The storm's extensive cloud cover stretched from South Korea to eastern Siberia, affecting over 67,000 homes in Japan.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College reveal that taxanes work by stopping protein movement in cancer cells, not just cell division. This understanding could lead to novel therapies and improved treatment outcomes for prostate cancer patients.
Cognitive training significantly reduces postoperative complications in coronary bypass surgery patients, improving attention and memory. Benefits are maintained over time, suggesting brain plasticity in older adults.
A study by Cornell Food & Brand Lab found that attractive names for vegetables, such as Power Punch Broccoli and X-Ray Vision Carrots, can increase consumption among elementary-aged children. The research suggests using attractive names is a low-cost solution to encourage kids to eat more nutritious foods.
A recent study published in CMAJ found that total sleep time and quality significantly predict fat loss in individuals enrolled in a weight loss program. Incorporating adequate sleep into lifestyle packages is now recognized as crucial for effective obesity management.
A study found sound levels around seriously ill patients in ICUs were significantly higher than WHO's recommended 30 dB. Patients experienced both positive and negative sounds, with uncontrollable alarms and treatments being most disturbing.