Researchers found that a developmental protein called fibroblast growth factor-2 drives aging muscle stem cells out of dormancy, reducing their ability to regenerate. Blocking FGF signaling improved muscle tissue repair in aged animals.
A recent study on rhodopsin in Xenopus rod photoreceptor cells reveals that the geometry of micro-compartments formed by incisures affects its signaling. The researchers found that boundary geometry, rather than heterogeneity in diffusion or bound fraction, explains differences in rhodopsin distribution
Tropical Storm Miriam has weakened to a tropical storm in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with maximum sustained winds near 65 mph. Wind shear and decreasing sea surface temperatures will continue to weaken the storm over the next several days.
A new study by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital distinguishes multiple sclerosis patients into two meaningful subsets, MSa and MSb, based on distinct RNA molecules. This categorization may lead to more personalized treatments for individual patients.
Researchers will examine climate-water-land use interactions in the Minnesota River Basin to predict and mitigate changes. The project aims to develop a framework guiding decision-making toward a resilient environment.
A new article explores the link between chronic laminitis and inflammation, identifying an anti-inflammatory protein APOA-IV as a key factor. The psychology of equine performance also plays a crucial role in enhancing horse's mood, emotion, and temperament to improve performance.
Enslaved worker ants kill off parasite offspring to increase chances of survival for their neighbors. Slave workers feed and care for larvae but neglect pupae, resulting in low survival rates. This behavior benefits neighboring colonies by reducing slave-maker colonies' growth and effectiveness.
Researchers found that bigger turbines harness more wind without increasing mass or fuel needs, leading to cleaner power production. The study solidifies the trend towards larger windmills, expected to approach 10% of global electricity by 2020.
Analysis of seismic waves from the magnitude 8.7 earthquake reveals a complicated faulting process involving at least four faults at right angles to each other. The event was the largest intraplate earthquake ever recorded and involved horizontal motion on a series of faults in the middle of the Indo-Australian plate.
A Concordia researcher is developing a system that converts physiological displays of emotion into music. The music is used to teach individuals with autism disorders how to identify feelings by externalizing them through sound. By tapping into the brain's electrical signals, researchers can create an emotional symphony.
A study by Penn State researchers found that people perceive tweets and retweets differently depending on the source, with original tweets from popular doctors being most credible. Non-medical professionals with a large following were also seen as more trustworthy than doctors who retweet health messages.
A recent study found that climate change can exacerbate the negative effects of losing sensitive species, and that high biodiversity may be weaker than expected. This is particularly true for eelgrass meadows in shallow inlets, where a loss of cod and other predators can lead to an overgrowth of filamentous algae.
A study by Moffitt Cancer Center researchers found that a series of ten self-help booklets helped nearly 70% of pregnant women remain smoke-free after giving birth. The booklets provided detailed information on quitting cigarettes during and after pregnancy, with varying effects based on household income and age.
Researchers found that viewing objects associated with one gender can make viewers perceive an androgynous face as being of the opposite gender. The study suggests two possible explanations for this effect, including common brain regions involved in identifying both types of stimuli and a higher cognitive function of adapting to gender.
Researchers identify 60,000 T2D-associated metagenomic markers in Chinese patients and develop a new classification system using metagenomic linkage groups. Healthy individuals have higher butyrate-producing bacteria, while T2D patients show an increase in opportunistic pathogens.
Researchers have detected male DNA in female brain tissue, a phenomenon known as microchimerism, which is common and affects multiple brain regions. The findings suggest that this long-lasting fetal DNA may be associated with altered risk of Alzheimer's disease.
A study in The Journal of General Physiology reveals that CFTR's mechanism is akin to ABC transporters, with ATP hydrolysis underlying its unidirectional cycling. This finding provides new evidence for the functionality of a protein crucial to cystic fibrosis research.
A new University of Nottingham study will examine the incidence and impact of gluten intolerance in the UK, focusing on coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. The research aims to improve diagnosis rates and healthcare for affected individuals, with a goal of creating a more accurate estimate of the condition's prevalence.
Researchers discovered that a protein called SAMHD1 protects resting T helper cells from HIV replication by degrading genetic information. The study provides new insights into the immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS and could lead to new treatments for HIV.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that male DNA is commonly detected in the brains of women, possibly derived from previous pregnancies with male fetuses. The research suggests that fetal cells may frequently cross the human blood-brain barrier, leading to microchimerism in the brain.
A new study published in Nature suggests that vaccines could be developed to prevent premature birth and pregnancy complications by stimulating the production of immune suppressive cells. These cells, which are generated during pregnancy, can tolerate foreign antigens and provide protection to the fetus.
A magnitude-8.6 East Indian Ocean earthquake triggered a global increase in seismic activity, with unprecedented large aftershocks occurring worldwide. The study highlights the predictable changes in seismicity, shedding light on more than a decade-long debate about remotely triggered earthquakes.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry found that effective signal transmission in the hippocampus requires theta-frequency impulses, generating waves that propagate through the brain. This discovery explains why we are more productive after drinking coffee or experiencing stress.
Researchers found that combining daily melatonin intake with voluntary physical exercise had a significant regressing effect on Alzheimer's disease in rodents. The study showed improved behavior, learning, and memory, as well as reduced oxidative stress and amyloid beta peptide levels.
This review paper reveals the achievements of deaf and hard-of-hearing scientists who communicated their discoveries in entomology, including Charles Bonnet and Charles Darwin. The authors highlight the struggles and triumphs of these pioneers in light of their isolation from the Deaf community.
A magnitude 8.6 earthquake in the East Indian Ocean triggered quakes around the world for at least a week, according to a new analysis. The study found that some faults weren't immediately affected by seismic waves but were primed to break up six days later.
The study found that the number of total knee replacements increased by over two and a half times from 1991 to 2010, driven by an aging population and increased demand among older adults. The procedure is highly effective, allowing patients to remain active as they age, but also represents a major healthcare expense for Medicare.
The Society of Interventional Radiology's flagship publication has launched a new app for iPad users, offering convenient access to interventional radiology literature and multimedia. The app allows readers to browse the latest issue, save articles, take notes, and share content on social media.
Artificially intelligent game bots created by the University of Texas at Austin have won the BotPrize competition, scoring a humanness rating of 52% compared to humans' average of 40%. The winning bots use a two-pronged approach to mimic human behavior, combining direct modeling with neuroevolution.
Scientists discover date palm juice inhibits corrosion of aluminum alloy in salt solution, forming protective film on metal's surface. The juice contains sugars that react with aluminum to form an anticorrosive film.
A team of scientists has uncovered new evidence linking extreme climate change, oxygen rise, and early animal evolution. The research team found spikes in concentrations of trace metals and sulfur isotopes, which are tracers of early oxygen levels, in mudstone collected from the Doushantuo Formation in South China.
An observational study found that delamanid can improve outcomes and reduce mortality among MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients when taken for at least 6 months. The treatment resulted in a 74.5% favourable outcome rate, significantly higher than the 55% rate for shorter treatment periods.
A study of Jewish women who lived under Nazi control during World War Two found that those with severe hunger were five times more likely to develop breast cancer. Women aged seven or younger at the time had a three times higher risk of developing breast cancer than their older counterparts.
A study defines boredom as an aversive state caused by difficulty paying attention to internal or external information required for engaging satisfying activities. The researchers hope to develop new strategies to ease the problems of boredom and address potential dangers associated with cognitive errors.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified a key molecular process in fat cells that affects aging and stress resistance. The study found that reducing microRNA processing in fat tissue promotes longevity and stress resistance, providing potential new avenues for treatment.
A study by researchers found that when nurse leaders' actions mirror their spoken words regarding safety, unit nurses are more likely to report errors, leading to a stronger commitment to safe practices. This, in turn, results in a reduction in patient treatment errors.
A new study by researchers at The University of Akron found that leptin may play a role in hearing and vision loss in humans. Leptin also affects the development of eyes and ears in fish, suggesting a potential link to sensory loss.
A research team at New York University has determined how cells that cause inflammatory ailments differentiate from stem cells. The study found hundreds of new genes involved in the function and development of these cells, which can be used to design new therapies for diseases such as Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, and arthritis.
Researchers found that asteroid Vesta's extensive system of troughs is likely the result of faults formed by a large collision. The troughs' unique characteristics, such as flat floors and distinct walls, suggest a fault moving apart, rather than simple cracking on the surface.
Researchers found that both biological organisms and electronic devices use similar approaches to change reflective colors, but biology outperforms electronics in efficiency, scalability, and sophistication. Human-made technology excels in speed and color range, but lags behind nature's complex adaptations.
A rare ataxite class of meteorite was found to be the material of a 1,000 year-old Buddhist statue, known as the Iron Man, discovered by a Nazi expedition in 1938. The statue is valued at $20,000 due to its rarity and age.
Scientists at Caltech identified competing brain systems that guide decisions on healthy options. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex play different roles in self-regulation, with the former taking control when trying to suppress cravings and the latter taking over when encouraging desires.
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) has released a new Practice Parameter addressing the unique challenges faced by gay, lesbian, bisexual, and gender variant youth. The parameter provides best clinical practices to combat stigma, bullying, and discrimination, as well as promote cultural competence and resea...
A recent study found that larger female Atlantic cod are healthier and less stressed than their male counterparts, with longer telomeres and higher antioxidant capacity. This discovery highlights the importance of conserving older females to maintain healthy fish populations and prevent overfishing.
A recent study by University of Utah and University of California, Santa Cruz scientists has confirmed that the April 2012 earthquake measuring 8.7 magnitude was a result of the Indo-Australian plate breaking apart. The quake caused at least four faults to break, resulting in significant changes to the tectonic plate's movement pattern.
A Yale University study reveals that Hurricane Irene polluted the Catskill watershed, darkening lakes and affecting the Ashokan Reservoir that supplies New York City with drinking water. The storm dumped unprecedented amounts of dissolved organic matter into the reservoir, equivalent to 43% of its average annual export.
The green stink bug is a significant native species causing cosmetic damage and yield reduction in various crops. The article offers management options, including neonicotinoids, trap cropping, and biological control, to address this pest's impact on integrated pest management systems.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that up to 55% of cases of severe intellectual disability are caused by new, non-inherited genetic mutations. This discovery suggests a low risk of passing on the disorder to further children and highlights the potential for whole-genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool.
Astronomers at the Gemini Observatory have produced exceptionally high-resolution images of Pluto and its largest companion Charon using a method called reconstructive speckle imaging. The resulting images hint at the exoplanet verification power of large state-of-the-art telescopes combined with speckle imaging techniques.
Researchers used a new cell technology to treat a patient with a rare type of lung tumor. The treatment, which uses conditionally reprogrammed cells, showed promising results, including some tumor shrinkage and stabilization of tumors after just three months.
Researchers predict that salt marshes can absorb significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, potentially slowing climate change. However, the ecosystems can only survive moderate rates of sea-level rise and may not be able to mitigate warming at high levels.
Same-sex contact and inconsistent condom use were major risk factors for HIV infection among US Navy and Marines personnel. The study highlights opportunities for targeted prevention efforts, particularly promoting condom use after the 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' repeal.
The Institute of Medicine's landmark 2011 report deemed most current biomedical research use of chimpanzees as not necessary. PETA is now calling for greater diligence to acknowledge this finding in scientific publications.
A new study published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry has identified potential methods to minimize acrylamide formation in french fries. Researchers used computer models to link changes in natural potato components with acrylamide formation, providing a rigorous approach to product development.
Despite the need for a male version of the oral contraceptive pill, pharmaceutical companies have discontinued research due to significant challenges. New research on non-hormonal male contraceptives offers hope for the development of a male birth control pill within a decade.
A new report by the George Washington University School of Public Health found that antipsychotic drug manufacturers spent over $25 million on marketing to psychiatrists in DC Medicaid in 2010. The majority of these funds, 66%, were directed towards Medicaid providers, raising concerns about the influence of industry funding on prescri...
A new project called 'Pathway to BioTrails' will involve visitors to Acadia National Park in hands-on scientific research using DNA barcoding to monitor animal and plant species. The project aims to increase the scientific value of citizen science projects by validating tentative identifications made by citizens.
A WSU study found that dioxin exposure to pregnant rats resulted in reproductive problems and disease in subsequent generations, including prostate disease and ovarian disease. The effects can be passed down to great-grandchildren, highlighting the potential long-term impact of environmental toxins on health.
A University of Kentucky study investigated the habit-forming properties of tramadol, a popular pain medication. Researchers found that participants rated tramadol highly, suggesting an increased potential for abuse, even at doses above the normal therapeutic range.
Researchers identify FGF2 as a protein that stimulates cells to divide and activates dormant stem cells, leading to muscle depletion. By administering an FGF2 inhibitor, they halted the decline in muscle stem cells in mice.
A University of Florida study reveals an African spiny mouse's ability to regrow damaged tissues, including ear tissue, through a biological process similar to that used by salamanders. This discovery could lead to new models for skin wound healing and tissue regeneration in humans.
A study published in Nature reveals that people with type 2 diabetes have a high level of pathogens in their intestines, which can increase resistance to certain medicines. The research also identifies biological indicators that could be used for faster and earlier diagnosis of the disease.
A 5-year, $134 million grant from the National Institute of Health will support a clinical trial examining four glucose-lowering medications for type 2 diabetes treatment. The study aims to determine which therapy most effectively and safely reaches and maintains near normal levels of blood glucose.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that certain cannabis withdrawal symptoms are more strongly associated with relapse than others. Participants experiencing physical tension, sleep problems, and anxiety were more likely to relapse during the abstinence period and consumed more cannabis afterwards.
Researchers found that urban infants had lower rates of human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections than suburban infants. Adenovirus infections were more common in urban babies, suggesting a potential link to altered lung development or airway function.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Virology found that exposure to school-age children raises the odds that a person with lung disease will suffer symptoms from a cold. The study analyzed 1,000 samples of bodily fluids and found that people whose infections turned symptomatic were twice as likely to have contact with school-a...
A new study reveals that sundew plants use catapulting snap tentacles to propel prey into their leaf trap, enhancing digestion and capture efficiency. This unique mechanism increases the plant's ability to capture larger insects and improves overall carnivory capabilities.
Super Typhoon Jelawat showed intense rainfall rates around its eye, while Tropical Storm Ewiniar's heaviest rainfall was pushed north of its center due to wind shear. NASA's TRMM satellite measured heavy rainfall rates of up to 3.1 inches per hour in Jelawat.
A blood test developed by Kansas State University researchers can accurately detect the beginning stages of breast and non-small cell lung cancer. The test works by detecting increased enzyme activity in the body, with a 95% success rate in detecting cancer in participants.
Researchers at George Mason University have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how the HIV virus targets 'veteran' memory T-cells. By exploiting the cell's treadmilling process, the virus can infect and kill these cells, leaving the body vulnerable to disease.
Scientists have discovered a complex positive feedback loop in penile nerves that triggers waves of nitric oxide to keep the penis erect. This process, which involves phosphorylation, enables the sustained release of nitric oxide and maintains erection.
Researchers describe experiments exploring multi-drug tolerance, a phenomenon that allows bacteria to outwit antibiotics. By analyzing HipA protein's structure and biochemical components, they gained insight into how this mechanism enables bacterial dormancy.
A study analyzing DNA from museum koala skins found that a retrovirus has infected koalas for at least 120 years, primarily in northern Australia. The virus, known as KoRV, is linked to increased susceptibility to diseases such as Chlamydia and leukemia.
A recent study by Henry Ford Health found that women are more than twice as likely to suffer infections related to kidney stones and other urinary blockages. The study also showed significantly higher rates of complications following urgent treatments for the condition.
A new $13 million project at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center aims to identify genetic links to colorectal cancer using next-generation sequencing. The study will reveal entire genome sequences of a subset of samples and capture rare variants that could lead to improved drug development and disease prevention.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University and Purdue University have discovered a way to 'toggling' intestinal enzymes that process starchy foods, helping to better control blood glucose levels in people with Type 2 diabetes. The process involves using inhibitors to regulate the enzymes, which could lead to new solutions for diabetics and...
Researchers discovered that vampire squids use thread-like filaments to capture marine snow, a mixture of dead bodies and debris from the ocean surface. The study found that vampire squids do not hunt live prey but instead consume detrital matter, which is low in nutrients.
Researchers at UCSB's Center for Evolutionary Psychology report new findings on human behaviors, supporting the individual cooperation account over group cooperation theory. The studies involved structured social interactions with over 200 participants, who showed a preference for trusting individuals likely to cooperate, not those who...
A new Caltech study found that facial photos taken at close range influence perception, making subjects appear less trustworthy, competent, and attractive. Researchers used digital warping to manipulate images, confirming the effect. The findings may have implications for computer vision and social judgments.
Researchers at RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-based Science conclusively identify element 113 through six consecutive alpha decays. The discovery sets the stage for Japan to claim naming rights for the element, following a long-standing competition with the US and Russia.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute and Arizona State University have made a breakthrough in understanding why brain tumors are difficult to treat. The study reveals that the immune system behaves differently in different regions of the brain, including tumors, leading to potential limitations in effective treatment.
Researchers at Penn State developed a method to create a rough surface on bone grafts similar to untreated bone, promoting healing and increasing the likelihood of successful implantation. The new technique uses physical vapor deposition to coat the graft with hydroxyapatite, optimizing its osteogenic properties.