A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that teenage milk consumption is associated with an increased risk of hip fractures in men, while no such association was found in women. The authors suggest that further research is needed to understand the relationship between early milk consumption and height on hip fracture risk.
Research by University of Cincinnati's Matthew Logan suggests that inmates with military backgrounds are not more likely to misbehave, but rather fare better in prison. They were 20% less likely to be sent to solitary confinement and 36% less likely to use drugs or alcohol.
A Drexel University study reveals that customers at restaurants with menu labels purchase food with 151 fewer calories, 224 milligrams less sodium, and 3.7 grams less saturated fat compared to those without labels. The study highlights the difficulty for consumers in making healthy choices when dining out.
Researchers compared two surgical approaches for severe heart valve disease, including repair and replacement of the affected valve. The study found that after one year, there were similar outcomes between the two treatments, with some notable exceptions.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have discovered a gene that plays a crucial role in suppressing lymphoma, a type of blood cell cancer. Caspase-2 helps maintain healthy chromosome numbers in cells, preventing them from becoming cancerous.
A new form of high-performance solar photocatalyst has been developed by combining TiO2 with metallic oxides, enhancing visible light absorption and efficient utilization of the solar spectrum. The material demonstrates 27 times larger photocatalytic activities than a single-layer TiO2 film.
Researchers at the University of California, Riverside have redesigned battery component materials to create nanoparticles with controlled shape, resulting in smaller, more powerful and energy efficient batteries. This innovation could improve battery performance and reduce costs for electric cars and other applications.
Saint Louis University researcher Ratna Ray found that bitter melon extract reduces head and neck cancer cell growth in an animal model. The extract regulated several pathways to help reduce tumor growth, with significant results after four weeks of treatment.
Graduate student Yash Lodha and Justin Moore describe geometric solution for von Neumann-Day problem, a centuries-old challenge in group theory. The solution involves a finite set of nine rules and has been hailed as natural and compelling enough to study for its own sake.
Scientists from UNH have published comprehensive findings on space-based radiation hazards using a UNH-led detector aboard NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The data provide critical information on the radiation hazards faced by astronauts on extended missions to deep space like Mars.
A targeted effort to improve adherence to drug regimens in high-risk heart failure patients showed promise but had limited impact on reducing hospital readmission rates. Patients who received coaching from nurses were four times more likely to adhere to their medication regimens, but readmissions remained unchanged.
A special issue of Gut Microbes explores the role of H. pylori in stomach cancer, as well as its impact on the natural stomach ecology and relationship with hepatitis C virus-associated liver cancer. The studies discuss various factors contributing to H. pylori-induced gastric cancer.
University of Minnesota researchers have developed a new approach for identifying potential environmental effects of releasing genetically engineered (GE) insects. The framework evaluates the entire range of potential effects, including those during transitory and steady state phases, providing improved guidance for ecological risk ass...
A comprehensive study analyzing over 3,800 cerebral palsy cases and 1.7 million healthy children found no link between cesarean delivery and reduced risk of cerebral palsy. The causes of cerebral palsy are believed to lie elsewhere, with research focusing on genetic origins and environmental triggers.
A recent study by the Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network found that bone marrow mononuclear stem cells did not improve heart function significantly at one year compared to six months. The treatment also showed a measurable decrease in scar tissue, but its effectiveness was no different from a placebo.
A phase 2 study found that GM-CSF therapy did not improve treadmill walking time in patients with intermittent claudication, a common symptom of peripheral artery disease. The treatment may still warrant further investigation due to observed secondary outcomes.
A University of Iowa study found that men's noses are about 10 percent larger than female noses, on average, in populations of European descent. The size difference is attributed to the sexes' different builds and energy demands.
A large national study found that breast MRI screenings nearly tripled from 2005 to 2009, with a notable increase in high-risk women. Despite this progress, the study highlights areas for improvement in the use of breast MRI for risk-based screening.
Researchers from KIT have successfully stabilized a single atom's magnetic spin for ten minutes, opening up possibilities for compact computer memories and quantum computers. By suppressing surrounding interactions at low temperatures, they achieved a stability period of about a billion times longer than comparable atomic systems.
Researchers at the University of Iowa found that maintaining a direct channel of communication between patients and primary doctors is crucial to success. Patients in regular contact with their primary physicians are most satisfied with their care, according to a new study.
Men with prostate cancer who followed a low-fat fish oil diet had lower levels of pro-inflammatory substances in their blood and a lower cell cycle progression score compared to those on a Western diet. The study suggests that altering the diet may favorably affect prostate cancer biology.
Researchers developed a new computer modeling technique incorporating internal friction to simulate realistic cloth behavior. This approach improved wrinkle and fold accuracy, particularly in areas where wrinkles have previously occurred.
Swedish researchers have found a way to study glucose regulation by transplanting pancreas cells into the eye, allowing for monitoring of insulin-producing beta-cells and identification of new drug substances. This innovative method could lead to personalized treatment principles and diagnosis of pancreatic problems.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a potential breakthrough in solving the 'cocktail party problem' by using neural networks to filter out background noise. The technology improves comprehension for the hearing-impaired, with scores increasing from 10% to 90%, and is being commercialized for license.
Hospitalizations for atrial fibrillation in the US nearly doubled from 4.6 million in 1998 to 9.2 million in 2010, with a 46% increase over the decade. Researchers project a similar trend through 2020, with 541,000 hospitalizations expected by 2020. The estimated cost of hospitalizations is also projected to rise by 55% from 2010.
Researchers found no effect of low-dose dopamine or low-dose nesiritide on cumulative urine volume, kidney function, weight change, or clinical outcomes compared to placebo. The study's findings do not support the use of these drugs as a renal adjuvant therapy.
Researchers found that two types of iron-based superconductors employ similar coupling between electrons in their superconducting state. Understanding this mechanism may help create even better superconductors with higher transition temperatures.
Researchers will study 1,000 babies born before 30 weeks gestation using the NNNS exam to predict developmental impairment. The goal is to identify infants at greatest risk and provide early intervention and follow-up programs.
New UEA research suggests that adding copper to crop fertilization processes can help reduce nitrous oxide emissions, a potent greenhouse gas. Copper has been found to regulate the gene responsible for destroying nitrous oxide in soil bacteria.
Research suggests that damage to small blood vessels in the retina and kidneys increases the risk of developing atrial fibrillation, a common type of abnormal heart rhythm. The study found that those with signs of vessel damage were more likely to develop atrial fibrillation than those without.
Research by Brigham Young University suggests that a consistent bedtime and wake time can lead to lower body fat. The study found that those with the best sleeping habits had healthier weights, with quality sleep being an important factor in body composition.
A new multilevel study examines the relationship between minimum wage increases and crime rates, concluding that higher wages do not lower violent or property crime. The researchers analyzed data from 18 states that raised their minimum wage above federal standards and found no significant change in crime rates.
A study found that transendocardial stem cell injection with autologous mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells is safe for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. The treatment also showed promise in improving quality of life and walking distance.
Research found that women who used oral contraceptives for three or more years are 2.05 times more likely to have glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness. The study suggests long-term use of birth control may be a risk factor for glaucoma, particularly in combination with other factors such as ethnicity and family history.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered nearly one hundred novel human gene regions that code for proteins, including pseudogenes linked to cancer. The study uses a new proteogenomics method to track down protein-coding genes in the remaining 98.5% of the genome.
A team of Columbia researchers has developed a nano-mechanical system that can create FM signals, paving the way for more efficient cell phones and wireless communication. The device uses graphene's unique properties to tune frequency and overcome size limitations.
A new study by Intermountain Medical Center has discovered a simple way to further predict a diabetic patient's risk for heart disease: measuring their body mass index or BMI. The findings show that the greater the patient's BMI, the greater their risk for heart disease.
A 30-day, randomized controlled trial found that customized text education messages and medication reminders increased correct dose-taking and on-schedule dosing among coronary heart disease patients. The study suggests innovative technologies like mHealth can effectively promote medication adherence.
A team of scientists has discovered a volcano hidden beneath a kilometer of ice in West Antarctica, sparking concerns about its potential impact on the continent's major ice streams. The volcano, located approximately 25-40 kilometers below the surface, is believed to be fueled by a hot spot in the Earth's mantle.
A novel method to estimate LDL-C levels has been developed, providing more accurate risk classification for heart disease. The new approach uses a larger database of lipid profiles and applies an adjustable factor for triglyceride levels, resulting in improved accuracy, especially for patients with elevated triglyceride concentrations.
Researchers used DNA sequencing to create a family tree for individual cancer cells, revealing unique branching patterns and distinct sub-populations. This technique could help identify key mutations driving tumor growth and develop targeted treatments more effectively.
Rates of aortic valve replacement (AVR) for elderly Medicare beneficiaries rose between 1999 and 2011, alongside declining mortality rates. AVR outcomes also showed significant improvement across all age groups, including among patients 75 years or older.
Researchers developed a new system using 180 factors to calculate LDL cholesterol, providing a more accurate assessment for high-risk patients. The Friedewald equation underestimates LDL levels in nearly one out of four samples, leading to potential false reassurance and inadequate treatment.
Research found that heart disease accounted for approximately one-quarter of pregnancy-related deaths in California between 2002-2005. Women who died from cardiac causes were more likely to be African-American or obese, and often had undiagnosed high blood pressure during their pregnancies.
A trial of 1,359 cardiac arrest patients found that prehospital cooling did not improve survival to hospital discharge or neurological outcome. The intervention reduced core temperature by more than 1°C, but the results do not support routine use of cold intravenous fluid in the prehospital setting.
A two-billion-year-old rock formation in Russia reveals that sulfur bacteria played a crucial role in distributing phosphorous during the oxygenation of the Earth. The discovery suggests that the establishment of these bacterial habitats triggered the formation of earliest worldwide phosphorites.
A recent study published in Nature Chemistry shows that singlet fission can be controlled by interacting molecules, leading to a doubling of current in solar cells. The researchers used laser experiments and chemical methods to slow down the process and observe key intermediate steps.
A multicenter clinical trial compared mechanical chest compressions with manual CPR and found that neither approach improved 4-hour survival rates. However, patients receiving mechanical chest compressions had a higher proportion of survivors with good neurological outcomes, suggesting potential benefits in specific patient populations.
Researchers have identified large oncosomes as a potential indicator of patients with more aggressive, treatment-resistant disease. The study also found that microRNA in these vesicles can influence tumor progression.
Researchers found rich deposits of feldspar, a mineral common in granite, in an ancient Martian volcano. The discovery suggests prolonged magmatic activity on Mars, leading to the formation of granite-like rocks, challenging previous assumptions about Martian geology.
Researchers created a three-dimensional cell culture with layers of smooth muscle, connective tissue, and lining cells embedded within a nickel-titanium alloy scaffold. The hybrid heart valve performed well in a heart simulator, opening and closing under various pressures without structural vulnerability.
A small study presented at American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2013 found that virtual reality hands controlled by stroke survivors' thoughts can help them recover use of their arms and hands. Patients achieved 81% accuracy in using the virtual hands to reach out, improving skills in just three experimental sessions.
A study published in Nature Medicine suggests a potential new treatment for seizures caused by high levels of ammonia in the blood. Bumetanide, a diuretic drug used to treat high blood pressure, has been found to restore normal electrical activity in the brains of mice with genetic metabolic disorders and prevent seizures.
The study analyzed 7,710 US TAVR cases, finding high success rates (92%) and low major complications. Long-term follow-up is essential to assess continued safety and efficacy of this technology.
Researchers found that lowering blood pressure within the first 48 hours after an acute ischemic stroke did not impact death and major disability outcomes. The study suggests individual clinical judgment should guide the decision to lower blood pressure in these patients.
EPFL researchers have developed a new method for detecting individual DNA molecules using graphene nanoribbons, offering improved precision and potential for DNA sequencing. The technology has the potential to detect other types of proteins and provide information on their size and shape.
A structured weight reduction program significantly reduced atrial fibrillation symptoms, episodes, and cumulative duration in minutes compared to a control group. Patients who participated in the weight management program experienced greater reductions in weight and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Researchers evaluated the effectiveness of early statin therapy in children with familial hypercholesterolemia and found that it significantly reduced coronary heart disease survival rates. After 10 years, young adult patients who received statins from childhood had not suffered from cardiovascular complaints.
A novel gene variant associated with severe childhood asthma has been discovered through a genome-wide association study. The study found that the CDHR3 gene is particularly active in epithelial cells lining airways and may disrupt normal functioning, leading to increased risk of asthma.
An international team of researchers has identified the genes that put children at high risk of severe asthma attacks, which can be prevented and treated with more effective medicine. The study found a new gene called CDHR3 to play a key role in the development of asthma.