Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a technique that induces egg growth in some infertile women, allowing five of them to produce viable eggs for in vitro fertilization. The successful pregnancy and birth represent a breakthrough for women with primary ovarian insufficiency, who often rely on egg donation.
New tools developed by MIT researchers allow people with minimal programming skills to rapidly build cellphone applications for disaster relief, utilizing the App Inventor and RDF standards. The apps can monitor multiple data sources, display information on Google maps, and enable users to annotate or supplement the data.
Cancer is the leading cause of death among Hispanic Texans under 76, with lower rates of breast and colon cancer screenings. Despite advanced cancer stages at diagnosis, Hispanics experience higher survival rates than non-Hispanic whites.
A study found that nearly two-thirds of young children in low- and middle-income countries can recognize cigarette brand logos. The researchers suggest stronger regulations, including larger graphic warning labels and bans on tobacco advertising, to reduce the ability of tobacco companies to market their products to children.
Biologists have developed a new technique to determine if seagrasses contain sulfur, indicating stressed seabeds. This method reveals the health state of plants, aiding restoration efforts for lost or diminished seagrass meadows.
A University of Tennessee professor is leading a research project to study lucinid clams, which play a crucial role in detoxifying coastal environments. The study aims to uncover the genetic, taxonomic, and functional diversity of modern lucid chemosymbioses and their responses to environmental changes.
A study published in Nature Communications found that brief, reversible hearing loss during childhood can disrupt the processing of sound in the brain, leading to persistent hearing deficits. Researchers identified two critical periods after hearing onset that regulate how sounds from each ear are fused into a coherent representation.
A new study found that when ICUs are busy, doctors discharge patients more efficiently without negatively impacting patient outcomes. This suggests that strained resource settings prompt providers to critically re-evaluate patient needs and transfer patients who can be managed outside the ICU.
A team of IUPUI researchers will investigate the impact of staff burnout on mental health treatment and outcomes, implementing an intervention program that incorporates traditional stress-reduction techniques and cognitive behavioral practices. The goal is to reduce burnout and improve clinician engagement in patient care.
Researchers from ETH Zurich found that vitamin niacin and its metabolite nicotinamide increase lifespan by promoting the formation of free radicals in roundworms. This contradicts common textbook opinion on antioxidants' role in health.
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Rui Yao found that over 90% of future retirees are contributing only a minimal amount to their retirement funds. This is concerning given the uncertain future of social security benefits and the need for individuals to save more for their own financial security and the country's sake.
Researchers have found that tungsten is leached from sediment into groundwater based on pH and oxygen levels. The study suggests that iron oxide particles play a key role in regulating tungsten concentrations in groundwater, with higher pH levels leading to more tungsten entering the water.
The AGI report documents common traits among geoscience graduates, including the importance of field experiences and K-12 Earth science exposure. The study aims to address the question of whether new graduates are ready for lucrative career opportunities in the geoscience workforce.
Research suggests that testosterone promotes generosity and reciprocity when there is no threat of competition, helping to maintain social relationships. In the absence of competition, participants with increased testosterone levels chose to give more money back to investors than those with placebo treatment.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh are proposing a new field of 4D printing, which enables materials to modify their structures over time in response to external stimuli. The team aims to develop adaptive composites that can reprogram their shape, properties, or functionality on demand.
Researchers have developed a protocol to verify quantum computer results without using additional quantum computer resources. The test involves inserting 'traps' into tasks, which the user knows the result of in advance, allowing for reliable verification of the quantum computer's accuracy.
A clinical trial found that cediranib, a biological therapy, extended the time before ovarian cancer recurred and increased overall survival by up to 30% compared to chemotherapy alone. The treatment showed incremental improvements in progression-free and overall survival.
Research by UCL Eastman Dental Institute reveals high levels of poor oral health among elite athletes, including 55% with dental caries and 28% affected by oral health issues. The study highlights the need for improved oral health support for athletes to optimize their performance.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute discovered that an essential protein evolved chiefly by changing its movement, rather than structure. This finding has implications for designing more effective antibiotics and drugs targeting the protein dihydrofolate reductase.
New research reveals that waviness in vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes leads to reduced stiffness due to tiny kinkiness in their structure. This finding has potential applications in thermal interface materials and heat transfer, where the compliance of the nanotubes can help connect to silicon chips and copper heat spreaders.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have discovered a unique way in which naked mole rats build proteins, leading to nearly perfect protein structures and reduced error rates. This breakthrough could one day lead to pharmaceutical treatments that improve protein synthesis in humans.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that most Massachusetts primary care malpractice claims (72.1%) are related to diagnosis errors, primarily failures to diagnose or delays in cancer diagnosis. Primary care malpractice cases tend to be more difficult to defend and result in more settlements.
Research on an aerosol that induces a rapid immune response to prevent viral respiratory infections and asthma attacks has earned major funding from the National Institutes of Health. The NIH-funded project aims to translate preclinical findings to clinical trials to prevent asthma attacks.
Researchers found resistance genes for five common antibiotics and the Clostridium botulinum toxin gene in vacuum dust, which could lead to infant botulism infections. The study suggests that vacuum cleaners can act as a vehicle for indoor bioaerosol exposure.
Scott Hansen, a Scripps Research Institute scientist, has won the NIH New Innovator Award to study mechanosensation, particularly touch and hearing. The award provides $2.8 million in research funding over five years to explore the molecular mechanisms behind sensing touch.
Two University of Utah researchers, Adam Frost and Ryan O'Connell, received the NIH Director's New Innovator Award to launch innovative biomedical research projects. The awards support visionary investigators pursuing science with high potential to transform scientific fields and accelerate health improvements.
Researchers found that essential proteins evolve chiefly by changing how they move, rather than their molecular structure. This discovery has significant implications for the design of antibiotics and other drugs targeting dihydrofolate reductase.
Researchers have identified molecular profiles of tumors with unknown primary sites, allowing for more effective treatment and improved survival rates. The study found that the biology of the tumor is more important than its primary site in determining treatment effectiveness.
Researchers estimate that routine PSA testing can lead to increased impotence and incontinence cases, as well as additional prostate cancer diagnoses. However, the difference in death rates between screened and unscreened men is relatively small, with only 0.07 more deaths attributed to screening.
A tiny MEMS accelerometer chip used in smartphones can detect moderate to strong earthquakes when located near the epicenter. The technology has the potential to increase coverage and accuracy in monitoring strong motion during earthquakes, making it possible to create an urban seismic network that transmits real-time ground motion data.
Researchers have identified 48 new genetic variants linked to multiple sclerosis, nearly doubling the number of known risk factors and shedding light on the immune system's role in the disease. The study, led by the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, confirms the critical involvement of genetic factors in MS development.
Researchers Yalin Chen and Chang Liu review present evidence on relationships between human number, time and space processing. The study investigates common mechanisms among these processes, with some arguing for multiple magnitude systems and others a common basis.
The researchers validated 1,799 sites and predicted an additional 1,782 sites, resulting in a combined list of 3,581 accurate sites. The team gained insights into the model organism's fundamental biology, including patterns of editing and alternative splicing.
Researchers at the University of Utah created a new organic molecule shaped like rotelle – wagon-wheel pasta – that depolarizes light, increasing LED efficiency. This breakthrough allows for more efficient OLED displays, promising longer battery life in smartphones and TVs.
Scientists at Hebrew University and Bar-Ilan University found that Eilat's corals are more resilient than other sites due to a 'warm-water barrier' in the Red Sea. This barrier allows only heat-tolerant genotypes of corals to enter, making it a unique refuge for coral reefs.
A phase I clinical trial has shown that an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody can produce striking responses in non-small cell lung cancer patients with metastatic disease who have failed to respond to previous chemotherapy. Smokers and former smokers are more likely to benefit from this treatment.
A study at the Weizmann Institute suggests that in a quarter of all leukemias, cancer cells use a balance between a mutated gene and its normal counterpart to keep going. The healthy RUNX1 gene plays a crucial role in blood cell development and maintenance.
Researchers have pinpointed a specific gene responsible for Prader-Willi syndrome, an imprinted disease affecting muscle tone, feeding difficulties, and intellectual disability. The study identified mutations in the MAGEL2 gene, which was found in three additional patients with similar symptoms.
Researchers estimate that Avahan prevented more than half of the infections that would have occurred without the intervention. The initiative targeted high-risk groups with behavioral interventions and adequate provision of prevention commodities.
The European Society for Medical Oncology emphasizes the need for new testing methods to ensure patients benefit from personalized cancer treatments. Researchers are working on developing new approaches to analyze tumour characteristics and select targeted therapies.
A Korean research team developed a novel strategy for microbial gasoline production through metabolic engineering of E. coli, producing 580 mg of gasoline per liter of cultured broth. The platform E. coli strain can be modified to produce other chemicals, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil resources.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in treating advanced thyroid cancer, demonstrating the effectiveness of kinase inhibitors that target tumor cell division and blood vessels. Clinical trials showcase improved progression-free survival rates for patients with BRAF and RAS mutations.
Researchers analyzed Neogene plant fossils to understand how plants respond to climate change. The study found that stomatal density increased during the present epoch and decreased during the late Pliocene, indicating an inverse relationship with atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
A meta-analysis of over 11,000 patients showed that hyperfractionated radiotherapy (AFRT) reduces the risk of death by 8% compared to standard fractionation radiotherapy (SFRT). AFRT also improves locoregional control, with a significant increase in five-year survival rates.
The study identifies syndecan-1 as the human cell receptor used by baculovirus to enter cells, shedding light on the mechanisms of infection and facilitating gene therapy development. This breakthrough discovery increases our understanding of baculovirus interactions with human cells.
A new study from Stanford researchers suggests that FDA-approved antidepressants may be effective in combating small-cell lung cancer, a particularly deadly form of the disease. The drugs activated a cellular self-destruct pathway that killed cancer cells, and further investigation showed they work through G-protein-coupled receptors.
Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have demonstrated a 'laser on a chip' technology that accelerates electrons at a rate 10 times higher than conventional methods in a nanostructured glass chip. This breakthrough could lead to compact accelerators for science, medicine, and research applications.
A Rutgers University study finds that the number of children in immigrant families is not the primary reason for child poverty in the US. Instead, local labor market conditions and parental education are major contributors. The study suggests that media coverage on immigration's impact on child poverty overstates the issue.
Recent studies suggest that moderate habitual coffee consumption is unlikely to adversely affect cardiovascular health. Higher green tea and coffee consumption has been inversely associated with the risk of CVD and stroke in the general population. Moderate coffee consumption may also have a favorable effect on plasma cholesterol levels.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a promising vitamin D-based treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) that can halt and even reverse the course of the disease in a mouse model. The treatment involves giving mice with MS symptoms a single dose of calcitriol, followed by ongoing vitamin D supplements throug...
Researchers from the University of Sheffield and Mario Negri Institute in Italy investigated two mouse models of MND, identifying key differences in gene expression that may help predict disease duration. The study provides new insights into mechanisms that slow down disease progression.
The TH3RESA trial shows that T-DM1 significantly improves progression-free survival in women with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer, with a nearly three-month increase from 3.3 months to 6.2 months. The treatment also demonstrates a more favorable safety profile compared to standard therapy.
Researchers discovered that the Baoulé breed of cattle has a natural tolerance to a deadly parasite, and developed a method to detect different types of trypanosomes. The study aims to preserve the genetic background of the Baoulé breed to develop more resilient cattle breeds.
Researchers discovered a mutation in a gene can impact offspring and subsequent generations with developmental abnormalities, epigenetic changes, and severe health effects like spina bifida. Folate fortification programs have reduced the risk but not eliminated health problems.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center developed a new approach for cancer therapy development using tumor genomic signatures. The study confirms two major hypotheses, showing that a limited number of genetic events cause most tumor subtypes and that oncogenic signatures are largely independent of tissue origin.
Researchers found that the size, shape, and color of a wine glass influence the amount of wine poured. Participants poured around 12% more wine into wide glasses than standard ones. To minimize overconsumption, experts recommend using white wine glasses and pouring when the glass is on a table or counter.
Researchers at Cardiff University have teamed up with Peking University in China to test traditional Chinese medicine's health benefits and explore its potential when combined with chemotherapy. The study found that a traditional Chinese formula can block the spread of cancer cells and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed a new breast cancer screening technique using sodium MRI that produces five-times more accurate images than previous methods. The device aims to reduce false positives and unnecessary biopsies by scanning for sodium levels in the breast.
Researchers at Rice University and UTHealth will advance tissue-engineering technologies with a $75 million grant. The goal is to restore or replace damaged tissue and organs, benefiting both military and civilian populations.
Researchers discover that increasing c-Fos expression in the skin promotes the development of squamous cell carcinomas, a highly aggressive type of skin cancer. Anti-inflammatory drugs can decrease tumor progression by blocking the immune response induced by c-Fos.