A new technique allows researchers to observe magnesium's atomic-scale changes when exposed to radiation, providing insights into how radiation weakens materials. This discovery may lead to the development of new radiation-tolerant materials for deep space exploration.
A new UCSB study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals that paying full attention and trying hard can impede performance. The study found that disrupting explicit memory resources, which are associated with conscious thought, can harm implicit memory processes, leading to poorer performance outcomes.
Physicists at the University of Innsbruck have developed a new method to verify entanglement between several objects, using device-independent witnesses. This approach allows for high-confidence statements about entanglement with minimal assumptions.
A new study by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center scientists found that long-term use of calcium-channel blockers increases the risk of invasive ductal and lobular cancers. The study suggests alternative options for managing hypertension may be beneficial for reducing breast cancer risk.
A recent study published in Nature found that a single phenomenon of global warming in the Arctic - the release of methane from thawing permafrost - could have an average global price tag of $60 trillion. The authors modeled various methane release scenarios and stressed that the impacts of Arctic warming will be felt worldwide.
The Firestation experiment will study the link between lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs), which are brief but intense bursts of gamma rays produced in Earth's atmosphere. The study aims to understand the cause and effect mechanisms behind TGFs and their relationship with lightning.
Researchers at LA BioMed discovered a link between maternal nicotine exposure during pregnancy and asthma in the third generation. The study found that even though the third generation was not directly exposed to nicotine or smoking, they were still more likely to develop asthma due to epigenetic modifications caused by maternal smoking.
A new study by Richard Zeebe suggests that amplified and prolonged warming due to unabated fossil fuel burning raises the probability of large ice sheets melting, leading to significant sea level rise. Climate sensitivity may change over time, potentially making future climate change more severe and longer-lasting.
Patients with celiac disease who have persistent intestine damage are at a higher risk of developing lymphoma compared to those whose intestines have healed, according to new research. The study found that the risk of lymphoma is significantly lower in patients with healed intestines, approaching that of the general population.
A new study by the Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC found that stem cells in gum tissue can relieve inflammatory diseases, including colitis. The cells, called gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC), have the ability to become other cell types and affect the immune system.
Researchers analyze fossil records to understand how past climate changes affected species interactions, potentially revealing patterns for predicting future changes. This study's findings suggest that similar processes drive natural systems' responses to climate change.
The ancient greenhouse world had few large reefs and a poorly oxygenated ocean, supporting minute picoplankton instead of larger diatoms. Large marine animals became abundant when algae became large enough to support top predators in cold oceans.
Researchers at Harvard University develop a method for creating 3D images from two stationary frames, enabling amateur photographers and microscopists to capture stereo-like effects. This technique uses light-field moment imaging to infer the angle of light at each pixel, allowing for the creation of brand-new images as if the camera h...
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a new software method to detect faked photos by analyzing inconsistent shadows, debunking claims that the Apollo 11 lunar landing photo is fake. The new forensic technique provides a more objective task for analysts, shifting the focus from visual plausibility to geometric constraints.
A study suggests that rapid economic growth between 1950 and 1980 may have contributed to the high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in the American South. The 'thrifty phenotype' hypothesis proposes that children who grow up in poverty are unprepared biologically to manage the abundance of processed foods and sedentary lifestyle associate...
A new study published in PNAS reveals that the TRPV4 molecule plays a key role in sunburn pain, which is caused by UVB radiation. The researchers found that blocking this molecule could provide protection against painful effects of sunburn and possibly other causes of pain.
Researchers have discovered that using heterogeneous nanoblocks can alter the morphological structure of polymers at the nanoscale. This effect can lead to improved properties in materials like refractive surfaces and computer chips.
Neuropathic pain is a daily reality for millions of Americans, but researchers have found a way to protect GABA neurons from oxidative stress, which may help alleviate the condition. By using an antioxidant compound, scientists were able to lower pain behavior and preserve GABA neuron populations.
A clinical trial found that tumor cell vaccination increased complete remission rates and induced leukemia-specific T-cells in patients with advanced Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). The study suggests that this approach may enhance anti-tumor responses following allo-HSCT.
A study at the University of Eastern Finland found that abnormal bone properties in children with vertebral fractures and after solid organ transplantation can predict fracture risk. Bone histomorphometry revealed changes in bone composition that could explain increased fracture risk.
Researchers use tree-ring growth data to reconstruct forest drought-stress index, revealing strong relationships between FDSI and regional forest productivity. Climate change is expected to lead to increased forest drought-stress by the 2050s, driving imminent changes in forest structure and composition.
A new statistical model designed for children can accurately discriminate performance among hospitals and adjust for patient risk factors. The program has been tested with data from 46,281 patients under 18 at 43 institutions in 2011 and shows promise for improving surgical outcomes.
A recent study found that children who were breastfed had a higher likelihood of recovering from stuttering and returning to fluent speech. The researchers suggest that essential fatty acids found in breast milk may play an important role in brain development and language skills.
A new study led by UCSF found that banning smoking in casinos results in significantly fewer emergency calls for ambulances, highlighting the need for stricter smoke-free laws in the industry.
Researchers create 'insect soup' by crushing insects and sequencing their DNA, which accelerates biodiversity monitoring and cataloguing. This breakthrough allows for more efficient and reliable detection of endangered species and environmental changes.
A new study highlights the need for more social responsibility by online gaming industry regarding over-addictive use. Researchers found that warning messages on loading screens are insufficient and game developers must adopt strategies to promote responsible gameplay and provide gamers with tools to control their behavior.
A genetic alteration in the TOP3B gene has been identified as a risk factor for schizophrenia and intellectual impairment. The study reveals a common biological pathway between schizophrenia and Fragile X syndrome, which is associated with autism and learning difficulties.
A population-based study found that current use of calcium-channel blockers for 10 or more years was associated with a higher risk of ductal and lobular breast cancer. The relationship did not vary based on the type of calcium-channel blockers used, with other antihypertensive medications showing no increased risk.
Researchers found cancer cells can reverse replication forks using 'fork reversal' repair after DNA damage caused by topoisomerase I inhibitors. This process is controlled by proteins PARP and RECQ1, which could be targeted for effective treatment with lower toxic side effects.
A new study from the University of Washington finds that abused children are more likely to smoke excessively in adolescence and adulthood, with girls who were sexually abused being particularly at risk. The study suggests that early intervention and prevention of child abuse can lead to long-term public health benefits.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have developed a novel method to increase the potency of RNA treatments, resulting in a 2,500-fold improvement. The breakthrough enables precise targeting of disease-causing RNAs and could lead to more effective therapeutic agents.
A CU-Boulder-led study found that Maasai pastoralists hunt lions for multiple overlapping reasons, including predation on livestock and political discontent. Conservation efforts have either failed or incited more hunting in some cases.
The discovery of GJ 504b challenges traditional planet-formation theories, suggesting alternative formation methods may be needed. The exoplanet orbits its star at nearly 9 times the distance of Jupiter from the sun.
Researchers found that mailed outreach invitations resulted in higher CRC screening rates among underserved patients, with FIT outreach tripling and colonoscopy outreach doubling rates compared to usual care. Screening participation was significantly higher for FIT and colonoscopy outreach than for usual care.
A study published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation found that a no-smoking law in Colorado casinos resulted in a 20% drop in ambulance calls, largely attributed to the elimination of secondhand smoke. This reduction is thought to be due to both smokers avoiding toxic effects and quitting smoking altogether.
A team of researchers has gained a detailed understanding of aquaporin zero, a protein crucial for maintaining the transparency of the human eye lens. This knowledge could lead to new insights and therapies for treating cataracts and other eye conditions.
Researchers developed a detector that can chemically identify single molecules using terahertz radiation, enabling 'molecular imaging' at scales similar to airport screenings. The technology, featured in Nano Letters, has the potential for fundamental studies and practical applications.
A study published in the Maternal and Child Health Journal suggests that pregnant smokers with low scores on a scale rating emotional attachment to their fetuses may be inclined to smoke more. Women who feel less attached to their fetus tend to have higher levels of cotinine, an indicator of nicotine use.
Researchers recommend incorporating automated quality control procedures to minimize sensor failures and ensure accurate event characterization. By implementing standardized protocols, scientists can improve the reliability of sensor networks and support land management planning decisions.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory found that elemental mercury can be converted to methylmercury by bacteria in environments lacking oxygen. This discovery complicates mercury cleanup efforts and highlights the need for further research on microbial mercury methylation.
Tropical Storm Henrietta is strengthening in the Eastern Pacific Ocean with a developing eye, while Tropical Depression Gil continues to weaken and may cease to qualify as a tropical cyclone. Henrietta's maximum sustained winds have increased to near 60 mph/95 kph and are forecast to become a hurricane in the next day.
Professor Harry 'Hap' McSween, a leading expert on Mars composition and meteorites, will receive the Whipple Award for his pioneering studies of Martian geology. The award recognizes his significant contributions to the field of planetary science.
UC Davis researchers discover how cancer chemotherapy agent Topotecan acts on gene causing Angelman syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. The study highlights the significance of epigenetics in understanding both rare and common neurodevelopmental disorders.
A study using Hawaiian restaurant menus from the mid-20th century found a significant decline in reef fish populations and a rise in large pelagic species. The analysis suggests that this shift paralleled drops in wild abundance, pointing to changes in public tastes and supply-side information as contributing factors.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology created a miniature version of the Mona Lisa using nanotechnology, with an image 30 microns in width. The team used ThermoChemical NanoLithography (TCNL) to create variations in molecular concentrations on the nanoscale.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have identified 18 new genes responsible for glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer. About 15 percent of patients may be eligible for personalized treatment with existing drugs used in other cancers.
Researchers created a simple system using just a laptop and camera to measure pupil size for communication. They found that healthy people's pupils increased in size when solving math problems, which was translated into accurate answers to yes/no questions.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation in zebrafish that causes chronic stress and depression-like behavior. Adding an antidepressant restored normal behavior, suggesting a link between cortisol regulation and affective disorders.
A noninvasive colorectal screening approach like fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) may be more effective than colonoscopy in prompting participation among underserved populations. Organized mailing campaigns offering two colorectal cancer tests increased screening rates as much as threefold among uninsured patients.
Researchers found that IL-17 signaling in tumor-infiltrating T cells encourages resistance to VEGF-blockade in mouse models. Inhibiting IL-17 with monoclonal antibodies may improve clinical efficacy of VEGF-targeting drugs, a potential new strategy for cancer therapy.
Researchers developed a real-time system for detecting and identifying epilepsy using a nonlinear dynamics index and support vector machine. The system effectively identifies epileptic electroencephalogram signals with good generalization ability, making it suitable for clinical applications.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have successfully combined cellular therapy and gene therapy in a mouse-model system to develop a viable treatment strategy for breast cancer that has spread to the brain. The approach shows significant promise in reducing metastatic brain tumor size, providing new hope for pati...
In a study published in Neural Regeneration Research, decimeter wave therapy was found to contribute to the regeneration and recovery of compressed nerves. Intraoperative electric stimulation also showed positive effects on nerve repair.
A new study found that chronic harvesting of the African mahogany tree can alter its reproduction and drastically curtail fruit and seed yields. The research used mathematical modeling to estimate plant age from size, revealing different effects on life history traits in dry and moist regions.
Researchers developed a new framework to analyze ad hoc networks with fluctuating link quality, providing mathematical bounds on message propagation efficiency. The framework describes algorithms that can achieve maximal efficiency using randomness and adversarial relationships.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center are pioneering a new approach to harness the power of the adaptive immune system to control cancer. They are using high-throughput technology and large-scale data mining to identify potential immune targets and verify their immunogenicity.
Graphene's interface properties have been studied, revealing how it interacts with other materials. A technique has been developed to make graphene-based stretchable devices by 'buckling' the material.
Research from University of Luxembourg finds employment gaps during working life can decrease cognitive reserve, with training and maternity spells associated with slower cognitive decline. The study suggests cognitively stimulating activities during employment gaps may have beneficial effects on cognitive function.
A large-scale analysis reveals many common cancers are not associated with DNA viruses, contradicting earlier estimates. The study highlights the importance of bioinformatics in understanding virus integration into cancer subtypes.
A new study published in the Journal of Climate reveals that the Montreal Protocol, which phased out chlorofluorocarbons in 1987, also protected global hydroclimate and prevented major disruption to rainfall patterns. The treaty's success is attributed to its impact on atmospheric circulation, greenhouse gases, and evaporation cycles.