A novel drug delivery strategy has been shown to neutralize mutant RNA toxicity and eliminate myotonia symptoms in mice with myotonic dystrophy. The approach uses antisense oligonucleotides and peptide-linked morpholino oligonucleotides to target the disease-causing mutation.
A new study published in Clinical Psychological Science suggests that both pre-war psychological vulnerabilities and combat-related trauma contribute to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans. The researchers analyzed data from 260 male Vietnam veterans, finding that those who experienced life-threatening ...
A new study reveals that children who experience childhood bullying are at a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood, including agoraphobia, anxiety, depression, and antisocial personality disorder. Researchers also found that bullies and victims alike face increased risks of suicidal tendencies.
Researchers at the University of Bristol discovered that flowers produce electric signals to attract pollinators like bumblebees. These signals can convey information about nectar and pollen reserves, improving flower-pollinator communication.
Researchers found that insulin action follows a 24-hour circadian rhythm, with mice becoming insulin-resistant during the day. Mice unable to keep the time of day get stuck in an obesity-prone mode.
Scientists have discovered a new class of molecular compounds capable of killing the influenza virus. The compounds work by clogging up an enzyme that helps the virus spread, and are more effective because they are water-soluble. This breakthrough could buy scientists time to develop new vaccines for emerging strains of influenza.
Research found that stressed bacteria can spontaneously develop resistance to rifampicin, a commonly used antibiotic. This discovery has significant implications for the evolution of antibiotic resistance and may impact treatment options for serious bacterial infections such as tuberculosis and leprosy.
Researchers developed a robotic bat wing that mimics the shape and motion of lesser dog-faced fruit bats, allowing them to measure aerodynamic forces and energy requirements. The robot showed it could match basic flight parameters of bats, producing thrust and lift.
Recent supercomputer simulations on XSEDE provide new insights into the interaction between jets, accretion disks, and magnetic fields around black holes. The findings challenge the long-held simplistic view of these phenomena, revealing a more complex and dynamic relationship between the jet, disk, and gravitational forces.
Researchers at NCAR are creating a prototype system to forecast sunlight and resulting power every 15 minutes, enabling utilities to continuously anticipate available solar energy. The project aims to improve cloud prediction accuracy, helping utilities tap into solar energy more effectively and reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Astronomers have observed a main-belt comet trail caused by an impulsive short-lived event around July 1st, 2011. The dust structure reveals physical properties of particles and proportions of different sizes.
Research reveals that cold temperatures trigger the return of monarch butterflies to their northern habitats, highlighting vulnerability to climate change. The study suggests that the monarch migration cycle is reliant on a specific thermal stimulus, which is critical for completion of the migration cycle.
The large-scale antiretroviral treatment (ART) program in rural South Africa has led to a rapid and dramatic increase in population adult life expectancy, with gains observed in both men and women. The benefit of providing ART far outweighs the cost, with a cost-effectiveness ratio of $1593 per life year saved.
Researchers have identified a key molecular system responsible for the inflammatory reaction in Alzheimer's disease. Signalling through CSF1R receptor is crucial for microglial population expansion, and targeting this pathway with selective inhibitors may delay clinical symptoms.
A study by UCSB anthropologist Jeffrey Hoelle explores the complex relationship between cattle ranchers and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Ranchers, who are often seen as villains of Amazonia, actually have a nuanced perspective on their industry's impact.
Researchers found that monarch butterflies would continue to fly south if it weren't for the cold weather. The study's findings suggest that global climate change could impact the monarchs' migrations. Understanding this process can help protect the iconic migration.
The VHA is exploring various HIT projects to improve patient care, decrease medical mistakes, and enhance health outcomes. The special issue highlights new research into innovative approaches using electronic health records, databases, and information systems.
A study by Queen's University Belfast found that psychotropic drug dispensing increases dramatically on entry to care homes, with antipsychotic use more than doubling from 8.2% to 18.6%. The high rate of psychotropic medication in care homes cannot be explained by continued community use, highlighting the need for routine medicines rev...
A recent study published in Developmental Cell identifies piRNAs as the primary guides for epigenetic factors, controlling gene expression patterns in Drosophila. This breakthrough discovery has significant implications for understanding cancer development and may lead to new therapeutic opportunities.
Researchers found local therapy combined with continued EGFR TKI therapy to be well-tolerated and effective in prolonging progression-free and overall survival. Local therapy was associated with a median overall survival of 41 months, a median time to progression of 10 months.
IBN researchers successfully generated human kidney cells from human embryonic stem cells in vitro, providing a potentially unlimited source of cells for in vitro toxicology testing and regenerative medicine applications. The cells displayed similar gene and protein expression patterns to those isolated from fresh human kidney samples.
Penn researchers create a protein 'passport' that allows nanoparticles to bypass the immune system, facilitating targeted drug delivery and implant device functionality. The innovative approach could improve treatment efficacy by reducing inflammation and prolonging nanoparticle retention.
Researchers at MIT analyzed MESSENGER data to identify two distinct rock compositions on Mercury's surface, suggesting a massive lava flow and subsequent magma ocean. The team recreated the rock types in the lab and simulated geological processes to support their hypothesis.
Dr. Lewis Cantley, a pioneer in cancer research, has made significant breakthroughs in understanding the PI3K pathway and its role in cancer development. His work has led to revolutionary treatments and continues to advance precision medicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A recent study suggests that eliminating malaria transmission completely can lead to reduced economic costs and improved public health outcomes in affected countries. Malaria elimination is found to be stable over time, with most eliminated countries experiencing low malaria transmission rates.
A rare case of lung inflammation caused by accidental inhalation of povidone-iodine (Betadine) during cleft palate surgery has led to new precautions for craniofacial surgeons. The patient, a seven-year-old girl, required mechanical ventilation after developing difficulty breathing and a drop in blood oxygen levels.
Researchers have created a novel vaccine candidate for Chikungunya virus using large-scale codon re-encoding, exhibiting stable phenotype and reduced viral fitness. The approach could lead to the rapid design of next-generation viral vaccines against emerging viral pathogens.
Climate change affects Alaskan forests with potential shifts to broadleaf forest or grasslands, but plastic greenhouse farming conserves water and binds carbon. Urban renewal and watershed restoration projects in Baltimore demonstrate social cohesion and improved storm-water management.
Researchers from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have discovered a second B-cell attachment receptor for the Epstein-Barr virus, which could lead to the development of a vaccine. The new finding also raises questions about the virus's possible relationship to malaria and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers found that cortical type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) agonist trans-caryophyllene protected brain cells from ischemic effects. TC decreased cerebral infarct size and edema in animal models, with effects reversed by CB2R antagonist AM630.
Scientists have created a method to melt specific fibers in polymers by applying light to aligned nanorods, leading to stronger and more resilient materials. The technique utilizes the photothermal effect of gold nanorods to convert light into heat, allowing for precise control over material processing.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are enrolling participants in a pilot clinical trial to assess the safety and feasibility of recording brain activity for control of assistive devices. The goal is to bypass severed connections between the brain and paralyzed muscles using brain-computer interfaces.
Researchers have uncovered the atomic structure of dermcidin, a natural antibiotic that is highly efficient against tuberculosis germs and other dangerous bugs. This discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics that control multi-resistant bacteria.
Researchers have developed a new antiviral drug that prevents flu viruses from removing sugars on cell surfaces, blocking infection. The drug is effective against resistant strains and may also protect against future variants.
A $4 million international collaboration aims to create a noninvasive quantum electron microscope, enabling real-time imaging of living cells at molecular resolution without radiation damage. The project has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of biology and fundamental physics.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that spending on others provides a psychological reward, regardless of cultural or economic context. The researchers surveyed over 234,000 individuals across 136 countries and found a positive relationship between personal well-being and spending on others.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that carrying heavy backpacks can lead to nerve damage, affecting hand function and dexterity. The study's results highlight the importance of proper load distribution to prevent microstructural damage to nerves.
The US government has released two new documents to guide researchers in carrying out dual use research of concern. The new framework outlines a robust review process that takes into account scientific benefits, biosafety risks, and risk mitigation measures.
Researchers have identified a biomarker that may identify neuroblastomas sensitive to BET bromodomain inhibitors. Neuroblastoma cells with MYCN amplification were found to be sensitive to these drugs in preclinical studies. The discovery offers new hope for treating this devastating childhood cancer.
A study published in The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry found that a lifelong diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids can inhibit the growth of breast cancer tumours. Mice producing omega-3s developed only two-thirds as many tumours and had 30-per-cent smaller tumours compared to control mice.
A Mars research project led by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has won the Science Prize for Inquiry-Based Instruction. Middle-school students from a small rural town in northern California used a camera orbiting Mars to conduct their own experiment and discover a new cave on the flanks of a Martian volcano.
A study found that elderly patients are significantly underrepresented in clinical trials, with only 33% of highly cited trials excluding them. Researchers recommend increasing age diversity to better represent the median age of advanced NSCLC patients.
A distributed biological observatory in the North American Arctic will monitor the biological response to sea ice retreat and environmental changes in the Bering and Chukchi Seas. The project aims to track how Arctic creatures respond to climate change and understand its effects on higher organisms.
Researchers found that distracting older adults during memory tests increased their performance to match that of younger adults. The study's findings have significant implications for designing learning strategies and equipping senior-housing with visual distraction cues to aid memory recall.
A new study at Michigan State University finds that single workers face challenges maintaining friendships, taking care of their health, and finding leisure time beyond work demands. This negative impact on work-life balance is similar for both single and family-based workers.
Researchers at University College London have developed a computer model that highlights the importance of city layout in predicting and suppressing riots. The study uses data from the 2011 London riots to simulate patterns and identify susceptible areas, enabling police to deploy resources more effectively.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre Berlin have developed a method for producing titanium dioxide nanoparticles at room temperature in a polymer network. The analysis showed that the nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed over the polymeric nanoreactors and have a crystalline structure, enabling their use as catalysts.
Evidence from Siberian caves suggests a 1.5°C temperature rise could cause substantial permafrost thawing, releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and damaging ecosystems and human infrastructure.
A study by Rutgers University behavioral neuroscientist Tracey Shors found that prolonged chemotherapy decreases the development of new brain cells, disrupting ongoing brain rhythms necessary for learning. This can lead to cognitive problems such as short-term memory loss and disordered thinking in cancer patients.
Researchers at University of Zurich have developed normative data for gross and fine motor exercises in pre-school children. Children typically develop hopping and standing on one leg skills between three to five years old, with most able to perform these tasks by age five.
A new class of influenza drug has been shown to prevent the flu virus from spreading and successfully treat mice with lethal strains. The drug works by attaching itself to the virus's molecular machinery, rendering it useless.
Researchers found that countries with eliminated malaria have maintained their malaria-free states with remarkable stability, challenging traditional theory. The elimination of malaria may be less costly to achieve and maintain than previously thought, according to the study published in Science journal.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a new gene mutation causing Schnyder corneal dystrophy, a rare hereditary eye disease. The mutation is linked to vitamin K metabolism and may lead to the development of a new treatment using vitamin K supplements.
A new gene therapy trial aims to promote the regeneration of heart tissue by encouraging the body to deploy more stem cells to the injury site. The therapy, called JVS-100, has shown clinically significant improvements in exercise levels in patients with ischemic heart failure.
According to MIT researchers, human language may have originated in birdsong, combining an expression layer with a lexical layer. This combination triggered the emergence of complex communication patterns, including finite vocabularies and melodic capacity.
A new UCLA study reveals that primary hyperparathyroidism is the leading cause of high blood-calcium levels, affecting mainly women and the elderly, particularly African American women over 50. The condition can lead to bone loss, depression, fatigue, and increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
A geoengineering coalition aims to reduce climate change by deflecting sun radiation, but new research suggests excluding non-participating countries may be counterproductive. Maintaining openness and inclusiveness in decision-making processes could be crucial for successful geoengineering efforts.
Researchers discovered that sourdough bread resists mold due to the production of compounds with potent antifungal activity. Lactic acid bacteria convert linoleic acid into hydroxylated monounsaturated fatty acids, strongly inhibiting mold formation.
Scientists have developed a new approach to study the composition of Earth's deep interior by detecting long-range spin-spin interactions. The technique, which relies on a hypothetical fifth force, could provide new insights into the geophysics and geochemistry of the planet's interior.
Using both familial and sporadic AD iPSCs, the researchers discovered that pathogenesis differed between individual AD patients. They found stress phenotypes associated with intracellular amyloid beta oligomers and attenuated these phenotypes with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) treatment.
A recent study found that consuming avocados was associated with improved nutrient intake levels, lower body weight, and higher 'good cholesterol' levels. Avocado consumers also had a 50% lower risk of metabolic syndrome compared to non-consumers.
A nationwide study reveals that taking out loans actually makes graduation more likely for all students, but debt has diminishing returns and becomes less effective at boosting chances of graduation after $2,000. Women tend to carry more debt to finance college due to better job prospects for men without a degree.
A study from the University of Arizona suggests that learning to use Facebook can improve cognitive function in older adults. Participants who used Facebook performed about 25% better on tasks measuring updating and mental performance compared to those who didn't use the site.
A study found that certain gene mutations increase the risk of developing aHUS and affect patient prognosis after diagnosis. Screening for these mutations may help diagnose and treat affected individuals.
Researchers developed a method to reduce scar tissue and improve cardiac function in mice after a heart attack. The treatment uses microbubbles that oscillate with focused ultrasound, stimulating growth hormones and improving circulation.
A recent study published in Biological Psychiatry reveals that individuals with a higher genetic risk of schizophrenia are more likely to experience a decline in IQ as they age. The research, conducted by the University of Edinburgh, used advanced genetic analysis techniques to investigate how thinking skills change over time.
Naveen Reddy, an assistant professor at UC Riverside, has been awarded a Sloan Research Fellowship to study the physics of early universe and extragalactic astronomy. The fellowship will support his research on faint galaxies in the distant universe.
Researchers propose a new approach to designing diets by focusing on the impact of food's micronutrients, rather than macronutrients. This approach aims to reduce disease and promote wellness by 'listening' to the body's response to specific nutrients.
Computer simulations reveal that water stabilizes specific charge states on the catalyst surface, increasing efficiency and outperforming a gas phase. Researchers also found that thermodynamic conditions can control catalytic efficiency by varying pressure and temperature.
Research at Vanderbilt University reveals a direct link between the body's circadian rhythm and insulin activity, which controls metabolism. The study found that disruption in the circadian clock can lead to increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
Studies show dialysis patients using catheters face higher risks of death, infections, and cardiovascular events compared to those with arteriovenous fistulas or grafts. Higher quality studies are needed to determine the true safety of different types of vascular access.
A pilot study may lead clinicians to more accurately predict which patients will suffer from gastrointestinal side effects of radiotherapy. The technology uses an electronic nose and FAIMS to analyze stool samples and identify patterns in toxicity levels.
The Arizona State University Mars Education Program won the Science Prize for Inquiry-Based Instruction for its Mars Student Imaging Project, which lets middle-school students use a NASA spacecraft to take images of Mars and conduct real science research. Over 35,000 students have participated in the project since its launch in 2002.
A study published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Genetics found that coral DNA variations correlate with water temperature and clarity, which can inform reef conservation efforts. The research team identified specific genes involved in immune response and stress-induced cell-death, suggesting that corals with certain genet...
Amar Basu's techniques enable rapid testing of biological liquids with nanoliter-picoliter volumes, reducing costs and improving assay speed. His projects focus on controlling droplet motion using lasers and sorting droplets based on chemical composition without labels.
A new study has found that many individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) may inherit small-effect changes in multiple genes, rather than a single gene mutation. This could lead to cost savings and more targeted treatment for patients.
Researchers analyzed footage from James Cameron's DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition, revealing a vibrant mix of organisms in each trench site. The study highlights the diversity of creatures living in extreme ocean depths, including giant amoebas, sea cucumbers, and shrimp-like crustaceans.
Researchers discovered that aspirin triggers the production of resolvins, naturally made by the body from omega-3 fatty acids, which resolve inflammation. Aspirin also modifies an inflammatory enzyme to produce longer acting resolvins with potent anti-inflammatory actions.
Researchers used a 'homing' signal to activate stem cells in heart failure patients, improving symptoms and heart function. The study found that 50% of patients showed positive effects one year after treatment, indicating potential for this therapy to widely treat heart failure patients.
Researchers at VIB developed a mouse model to study the molecular mechanisms determining cellular identity, enabling targeted manipulation of iPS cells for safer and more effective therapies. This breakthrough advances cell therapy using iPS cells for regenerative medicine applications.
Vanderbilt investigators have identified the structural features of calprotectin's two metal binding sites and demonstrated that manganese binding is key to its antibacterial action. The study could guide efforts to develop novel antibacterials that limit a microbe's access to metals.