A study found that elderly patients are significantly underrepresented in clinical trials, with only 33% of highly cited trials excluding them. Researchers recommend increasing age diversity to better represent the median age of advanced NSCLC patients.
A distributed biological observatory in the North American Arctic will monitor the biological response to sea ice retreat and environmental changes in the Bering and Chukchi Seas. The project aims to track how Arctic creatures respond to climate change and understand its effects on higher organisms.
Researchers found that distracting older adults during memory tests increased their performance to match that of younger adults. The study's findings have significant implications for designing learning strategies and equipping senior-housing with visual distraction cues to aid memory recall.
A new study at Michigan State University finds that single workers face challenges maintaining friendships, taking care of their health, and finding leisure time beyond work demands. This negative impact on work-life balance is similar for both single and family-based workers.
Researchers at University College London have developed a computer model that highlights the importance of city layout in predicting and suppressing riots. The study uses data from the 2011 London riots to simulate patterns and identify susceptible areas, enabling police to deploy resources more effectively.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre Berlin have developed a method for producing titanium dioxide nanoparticles at room temperature in a polymer network. The analysis showed that the nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed over the polymeric nanoreactors and have a crystalline structure, enabling their use as catalysts.
Evidence from Siberian caves suggests a 1.5°C temperature rise could cause substantial permafrost thawing, releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and damaging ecosystems and human infrastructure.
A study by Rutgers University behavioral neuroscientist Tracey Shors found that prolonged chemotherapy decreases the development of new brain cells, disrupting ongoing brain rhythms necessary for learning. This can lead to cognitive problems such as short-term memory loss and disordered thinking in cancer patients.
Researchers at University of Zurich have developed normative data for gross and fine motor exercises in pre-school children. Children typically develop hopping and standing on one leg skills between three to five years old, with most able to perform these tasks by age five.
A new class of influenza drug has been shown to prevent the flu virus from spreading and successfully treat mice with lethal strains. The drug works by attaching itself to the virus's molecular machinery, rendering it useless.
Researchers found that countries with eliminated malaria have maintained their malaria-free states with remarkable stability, challenging traditional theory. The elimination of malaria may be less costly to achieve and maintain than previously thought, according to the study published in Science journal.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a new gene mutation causing Schnyder corneal dystrophy, a rare hereditary eye disease. The mutation is linked to vitamin K metabolism and may lead to the development of a new treatment using vitamin K supplements.
A new gene therapy trial aims to promote the regeneration of heart tissue by encouraging the body to deploy more stem cells to the injury site. The therapy, called JVS-100, has shown clinically significant improvements in exercise levels in patients with ischemic heart failure.
According to MIT researchers, human language may have originated in birdsong, combining an expression layer with a lexical layer. This combination triggered the emergence of complex communication patterns, including finite vocabularies and melodic capacity.
A new UCLA study reveals that primary hyperparathyroidism is the leading cause of high blood-calcium levels, affecting mainly women and the elderly, particularly African American women over 50. The condition can lead to bone loss, depression, fatigue, and increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
A geoengineering coalition aims to reduce climate change by deflecting sun radiation, but new research suggests excluding non-participating countries may be counterproductive. Maintaining openness and inclusiveness in decision-making processes could be crucial for successful geoengineering efforts.
Researchers discovered that sourdough bread resists mold due to the production of compounds with potent antifungal activity. Lactic acid bacteria convert linoleic acid into hydroxylated monounsaturated fatty acids, strongly inhibiting mold formation.
Scientists have developed a new approach to study the composition of Earth's deep interior by detecting long-range spin-spin interactions. The technique, which relies on a hypothetical fifth force, could provide new insights into the geophysics and geochemistry of the planet's interior.
Using both familial and sporadic AD iPSCs, the researchers discovered that pathogenesis differed between individual AD patients. They found stress phenotypes associated with intracellular amyloid beta oligomers and attenuated these phenotypes with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) treatment.
A recent study found that consuming avocados was associated with improved nutrient intake levels, lower body weight, and higher 'good cholesterol' levels. Avocado consumers also had a 50% lower risk of metabolic syndrome compared to non-consumers.
A nationwide study reveals that taking out loans actually makes graduation more likely for all students, but debt has diminishing returns and becomes less effective at boosting chances of graduation after $2,000. Women tend to carry more debt to finance college due to better job prospects for men without a degree.
A study from the University of Arizona suggests that learning to use Facebook can improve cognitive function in older adults. Participants who used Facebook performed about 25% better on tasks measuring updating and mental performance compared to those who didn't use the site.
A study found that certain gene mutations increase the risk of developing aHUS and affect patient prognosis after diagnosis. Screening for these mutations may help diagnose and treat affected individuals.
Researchers developed a method to reduce scar tissue and improve cardiac function in mice after a heart attack. The treatment uses microbubbles that oscillate with focused ultrasound, stimulating growth hormones and improving circulation.
A recent study published in Biological Psychiatry reveals that individuals with a higher genetic risk of schizophrenia are more likely to experience a decline in IQ as they age. The research, conducted by the University of Edinburgh, used advanced genetic analysis techniques to investigate how thinking skills change over time.
Naveen Reddy, an assistant professor at UC Riverside, has been awarded a Sloan Research Fellowship to study the physics of early universe and extragalactic astronomy. The fellowship will support his research on faint galaxies in the distant universe.
Researchers propose a new approach to designing diets by focusing on the impact of food's micronutrients, rather than macronutrients. This approach aims to reduce disease and promote wellness by 'listening' to the body's response to specific nutrients.
Computer simulations reveal that water stabilizes specific charge states on the catalyst surface, increasing efficiency and outperforming a gas phase. Researchers also found that thermodynamic conditions can control catalytic efficiency by varying pressure and temperature.
Research at Vanderbilt University reveals a direct link between the body's circadian rhythm and insulin activity, which controls metabolism. The study found that disruption in the circadian clock can lead to increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
Studies show dialysis patients using catheters face higher risks of death, infections, and cardiovascular events compared to those with arteriovenous fistulas or grafts. Higher quality studies are needed to determine the true safety of different types of vascular access.
A pilot study may lead clinicians to more accurately predict which patients will suffer from gastrointestinal side effects of radiotherapy. The technology uses an electronic nose and FAIMS to analyze stool samples and identify patterns in toxicity levels.
The Arizona State University Mars Education Program won the Science Prize for Inquiry-Based Instruction for its Mars Student Imaging Project, which lets middle-school students use a NASA spacecraft to take images of Mars and conduct real science research. Over 35,000 students have participated in the project since its launch in 2002.
A study published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Genetics found that coral DNA variations correlate with water temperature and clarity, which can inform reef conservation efforts. The research team identified specific genes involved in immune response and stress-induced cell-death, suggesting that corals with certain genet...
Amar Basu's techniques enable rapid testing of biological liquids with nanoliter-picoliter volumes, reducing costs and improving assay speed. His projects focus on controlling droplet motion using lasers and sorting droplets based on chemical composition without labels.
A new study has found that many individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) may inherit small-effect changes in multiple genes, rather than a single gene mutation. This could lead to cost savings and more targeted treatment for patients.
Researchers analyzed footage from James Cameron's DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition, revealing a vibrant mix of organisms in each trench site. The study highlights the diversity of creatures living in extreme ocean depths, including giant amoebas, sea cucumbers, and shrimp-like crustaceans.
Researchers discovered that aspirin triggers the production of resolvins, naturally made by the body from omega-3 fatty acids, which resolve inflammation. Aspirin also modifies an inflammatory enzyme to produce longer acting resolvins with potent anti-inflammatory actions.
Researchers used a 'homing' signal to activate stem cells in heart failure patients, improving symptoms and heart function. The study found that 50% of patients showed positive effects one year after treatment, indicating potential for this therapy to widely treat heart failure patients.
Researchers at VIB developed a mouse model to study the molecular mechanisms determining cellular identity, enabling targeted manipulation of iPS cells for safer and more effective therapies. This breakthrough advances cell therapy using iPS cells for regenerative medicine applications.
Vanderbilt investigators have identified the structural features of calprotectin's two metal binding sites and demonstrated that manganese binding is key to its antibacterial action. The study could guide efforts to develop novel antibacterials that limit a microbe's access to metals.
A team of University of Michigan doctors analyze the shortcomings of the Affordable Care Act and Reagan-era emergency access law, emphasizing the need for preventive care and coordinated care. The authors conclude that modern healthcare reform must address these gaps to bring the nation closer to a goal of comprehensive care for all.
The new device uses a polymer sheet with fluorescent particles to capture incoming light and channel it to an array of sensors. This allows for the creation of high-resolution images without any internal components or electronics. The technology has potential applications in user interface devices that can respond to gestures alone.
A new study published in Neurology found no correlation between antioxidant intake and risk of developing stroke or dementia. The study suggests that individual antioxidants and food sources may be more important than total antioxidant levels in reducing the risk of these conditions.
A new study reveals that omega-3 fatty acid emulsions can decrease damaged brain tissue by 50 percent or more after an ischemic stroke. The findings suggest these emulsions may be able to reduce long-term neurological and behavioral problems seen in human survivors of neonatal and adult strokes.
A study reveals bilingual children exhibit superior working memory abilities compared to monolingual children. The research suggests that bilingualism enhances global executive function development.
A recent study found that bariatric surgery does not lower overall healthcare costs in the long term. Instead, it results in higher inpatient costs and lower prescription and office-visit costs. The research analyzed data from over 29,000 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2002 and 2008.
Global antibiotic misuse threatens human health more than the war on illegal drugs. Dr Jonny Anomaly advocates for redirecting funds to curb excessive prescribing and promoting collective action.
Scientists at the University of Texas at Arlington have developed a method for converting carbon dioxide into liquid methanol fuel using copper oxide nanowires and sunlight. The new process is more efficient and environmentally friendly than current methods, which require toxic elements or high operating pressures.
Research finds that mosquitoes' odor receptors become less sensitive to DEET after brief exposure, allowing them to seek out attractants despite the presence of the repellent. The effect lasts up to three hours and is thought to be a form of habituation similar to human olfactory adaptation.
Research shows that asthma sufferers in the UK are putting their lives at risk by relying on short-acting bronchodilators instead of preventive medication. The main reasons for this behaviour include cost and stigma, with many young adults feeling embarrassed to use inhalers in public.
A University of Texas at Arlington engineer has developed a semiconductor-based process to capture, store and transmit solar energy more efficiently. The new method increases the yield of solar energy by 10 times and improves efficiency fourfold compared to current methods.
A new international study shows that a male fairy-wren's low-pitched song is linked to its body size, providing insight into reliable communication between animals. The study, led by University of Melbourne researcher Dr Michelle Hall, found that larger males sing at lower pitches.
Researchers at Lund University have successfully implanted an ultrathin nanowire-based electrode into a laboratory animal's brain, capturing signals from the nerve cells. This breakthrough allows for potential long-term monitoring and treatment of conditions like Parkinson's disease.
A study has identified variations in four genes associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Carrying one or two copies of these genetic variants increases the risk by 10-40% compared to those without the variants.
A study published in Population Health Management found that eliminating co-payments for diabetes-related medications and supplies improved patient self-management of their condition. Nearly 90% of participants reported better disease management after the program's initiation.
A new psychology study from the University of Texas at Austin suggests that friendships between straight women and gay men are rooted in the absence of deceptive mating motivations. Gay men may provide more trustworthy love advice to straight women because they don't have conflicts with them, unlike other women or straight men.
Researchers studied how couples cope with child loss and found that suppressing emotions can worsen grief. The study suggests that clinicians should guide clients away from 'staying strong' for partners to ease their suffering.
The new chip performs real-time HEVC encoding and decoding, enabling four times the resolution of current TVs. It achieves this through pipelining and matrix multiplication to reduce computational complexity.
A new study in rats indicates that gentle brain cooling after injury may prevent seizures in humans, a finding that could lead to a safe and relatively simple way to treat patients with head injuries.
The Asia Pacific region is experiencing a creeping epidemic of obesity, with quadrupled rates in China and increased prevalence among countries such as Japan and Australia. Experts attribute the rise to sedentary lifestyles, Westernized diets, and cultural attitudes that prioritize food as a way of showing hospitality.