New research suggests that the Amazon rainforest can withstand dry conditions due to its ability to recycle moisture, reducing water stress on plants. This natural process helps mitigate the impacts of climate change-induced drought.
A molecule that helps cells stick together is over-produced in rheumatoid arthritis and various cancers, including breast and brain tumors. The discovery of cadherin-11 has led to the development of candidate drugs to inhibit its expression, with one already in a clinical trial.
A Rutgers-Camden professor is building a large-scale database of chemical toxicity information, combining in-vitro and computational methods to provide valuable data for scientists. The online database will aid in drug development by helping determine safe doses for patients.
A recent study published in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that women with advanced kidney disease who start dialysis during pregnancy have a higher live birth rate compared to those already on dialysis. This discovery may help guide care for young women who need dialysis.
Researchers have developed a novel topical therapy targeting genetic abnormalities in deeper skin layers to improve psoriasis symptoms. The new treatment, Dual-F-NALP, has shown promising results by reducing inflammation and suppressing immune hypersensitivity.
A study found that top dermatology journals have strong social media followings, but lesser-known journals lag behind professional organizations and patient advocacy groups in disseminating information. The study suggests that leveraging social media can be an effective way for journals to educate the public.
Researchers at NCAR and University of Maryland create a new model that combines weather simulations with satellite observations to predict wildfire growth. The model can produce accurate forecasts every 12 hours, improving prediction tools for large, intense wildfires.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have developed a technology that can detect breast cancer biomarkers in blood samples, potentially leading to early diagnosis. The technology uses carboxypeptidase N enzyme to separate and detect peptides created by the enzyme in blood serum proteins.
A new NIH-funded study will investigate a deadly bleeding disorder called coagulopathy that occurs without warning in trauma patients. Researchers hope to develop effective therapeutic approaches with the goal of saving lives.
A CNIO team has discovered that senescence, which makes cells stop dividing, also takes place during embryo development to eliminate unnecessary cells. This process, known as programmed senescence, helps shape the body's tissues and organs.
Scientists at A*STAR's Singapore Immunology Network discovered the exact mode of action of plerixafor, a drug that stimulates immune responses in patients with neutropenia. The study found that the inhibition of CXCR4 by the drug plays a dual role, increasing neutrophil count in the blood and promoting retention in the bloodstream.
A study by Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University found that older adults with severe mental illness have a higher rate of medical emergency department visits and longer hospital stays. The study highlights the need for more intensive care models that consider psychosocial factors.
Researchers discovered that anthrax toxin can hide out in human cells for days, avoiding detection by the immune system and cellular machinery. The findings explain why antibiotics are often ineffective against anthrax infections, making it a lingering threat.
NASA presents cutting-edge computational achievements, including insights into galaxy formation and climate modeling, as well as advancements in quantum computing and space launch system design. The agency's expertise is key to mission success, enabling research on oceanic climate change and space weather.
The updated 2013 Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap sets a new target for vaccines to reduce malaria cases by 75 percent and be licensed by 2030. The roadmap also aims for malaria elimination through the development of safe and effective vaccines that prevent disease, death, and transmission.
The Research Institute of the MUHC presented more than $3 million in awards to clinician-researchers recognized for their exceptional promise in various fields. The recipients demonstrated potential to advance knowledge and improve patient care through laboratory research and innovative surgical techniques.
Research suggests that nicotine withdrawal is driven by a specific group of neurons in the interpeduncular nucleus. Therapies targeting these cells may help people quit smoking. The findings also hint at potential interactions with other substance-use disorders.
Researchers have discovered a mechanism that targets a protein called ERGIC-53, which is essential for the replication of arenaviruses and interacts with other pathogenic viruses. The findings suggest that targeting ERGIC-53 could result in an immunizing form of antiviral therapy.
Researchers from University of Cincinnati develop a brain-computer interface to detect brain signals and interpret intent, paving the way for thought-controlled smart tech and robotic personal assistants. The university also announces its development of an interdisciplinary curriculum for human-centered robotics.
A University of Maryland-led team created the first high-resolution global map of forest extent, loss, and gain. The study documents a global loss of 2.3 million square kilometers and a gain of 800,000 square kilometers between 2000 and 2012.
Research with baboons found that genetic differences may regulate bone remodeling, a natural process where mature bone tissue is removed and replaced. This could explain why older women taking bisphosphonates are at risk of atypical fractures in their femurs, due to slower bone growth and accumulation of bone tissue.
FORTIS will observe the comet's molecules and atoms by separating incoming light into its component wavelengths, gathering information from several areas at once. The comet's rate of sublimation increases as it approaches the sun, allowing FORTIS to capture observations of this material coming off the comet.
Researchers at EPFL have discovered that the lethal factor of anthrax bacteria can travel undetected through the body for days using exosomes, evading the immune system and medical analysis. This mechanism explains why some organisms succumb to the disease up to two weeks after the disappearance of bacterial presence.
The InforMath Collaborative brings together university researchers and staff from local art and science museums to design new programs that connect visitors with mathematics in creative ways. The initiative aims to change the way communities perceive mathematics and establish a research center for informal mathematics learning.
The University of Bristol has developed a large semi-autonomous drone called the ARM system to provide visual and thermal monitoring of radiation after nuclear material releases. The system can detect radiation and prevent exposure to response crews, improving safety in disaster response scenarios.
The UC San Diego shake table, the world's largest outdoor shake table, has been used to test various structures including wind turbines and buildings. A robot called SkySweeper, designed to inspect utility lines, also won an award for its innovative technology.
A new study from MIT biologists found that tumor cells with mutated p53 can be made more vulnerable to chemotherapy by blocking the MK2 gene. In a study of mice, tumors lacking both p53 and MK2 shrank dramatically when treated with the drug cisplatin.
Researchers develop penguin-inspired propulsion system using a novel spherical joint mechanism, enabling three degrees of freedom and unlimited rotational range. The system aims to shed light on the swimming mysteries of penguins, which can accelerate from 0 to 7 m/s in under a second.
Scientists Pedram Hassanzadeh and Philip Marcus present a new model explaining the Great Red Spot's persistence, suggesting vertical flow plays a key role. The model also predicts radial flow pumping energy into the vortex, enabling it to last longer.
Medical researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered a potential drug target for a rare genetic disease, paving the way for an alternative treatment. The discovery links specific defects in the enzyme to specific symptoms and could lead to the development of drugs to treat less severe forms of the disease.
Global health leaders have outlined a comprehensive research agenda to tackle the growing problem of preterm birth, the leading cause of newborn deaths. The 'Solution Pathway' aims to accelerate prevention and reduce mortality and disability through innovative research and practical interventions.
Astronomers observed a spiral galaxy with a strongly-emitting background galaxy nearly directly behind it. The alignment provides valuable data about the nearer galaxy, revealing it is not forming stars as rapidly as thought. Additional analysis also revealed detailed features of the galaxy's gas halo.
A new review article suggests that certain probiotics have the potential to exert behavioral and immunological effects in patients with depression. These psychobiotics can alter the intestinal microbial balance and regulate inflammatory responses, which may be involved in the modulation of mood and behavior.
Researchers at Rice University discovered that imperfections in two-dimensional materials can create nanoscale magnetic fields. The study suggests a new degree of freedom for electronics, allowing for enhanced efficiency and enriched functions.
A recent study published at The Obesity Society's annual scientific meeting found that eating high-protein sausage and egg-based breakfasts improved appetite control and reduced hunger in women. Participants who consumed protein-rich breakfasts reported lower hunger, increased fullness, and reduced desire to eat throughout the morning.
The new curriculum emphasizes a life-course approach, global perspective, and leadership skills, with an integrated core semester and novel courses. Students also complete a practicum and can choose from over 20 certificate programs for further specialization.
A Yale University study reveals that a person's social network is a key predictor of becoming a victim of gun homicide, even more so than race, age, gender, or poverty. The research found that individuals within the same social network are more likely to engage in similar risky behaviors.
Researchers developed a new drug-delivery technique using two types of nanoparticles to effectively treat pancreatic cancer in mouse models. The dual-wave method opens up access to tumor cells, allowing chemotherapy drugs to target and kill cancer cells more efficiently.
A new study by Stanford researchers reveals the genetic roots of Caribbean populations, shedding light on historical events such as European colonization and African immigration. The research uses a novel DNA analysis method to infer genetic ancestry at a fine geographic scale.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine found that consuming 400mg of caffeine six hours before bedtime can significantly reduce total sleep time by over one hour. Participants remained unaware of this disruption.
A Phase 2 clinical trial in Bolivia found that experimental drug candidate E1224 showed good safety and efficacy in clearing the Chagas parasite, but had little sustained efficacy as a single medication. Standard therapy benznidazole was effective but associated with side effects.
A comprehensive study reveals unprecedented genetic variation in ovarian cancer, highlighting potential new pathways for therapeutic intervention. The research suggests that sampling and sequencing of multiple disease sites may be required for effective targeted treatments.
A research team at Worcester Polytechnic Institute has developed a novel system to image brain activity in worms. The technology can be used to study the genetics and neural circuitry associated with animal behavior and screen early stage compounds aimed at treating autism, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and other brain disorders.
Joost van der Westhuizen, a former World Cup-winning rugby star, is partnering with the University of Edinburgh's Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research to raise awareness and funds. The collaboration aims to share knowledge and expertise to benefit MND patients.
A NYU study found child restraint laws across many states have gaps, leaving passengers vulnerable to vehicle-crash injuries. The laws often lag behind medical guidelines and fail to distinguish between child seats.
Researchers investigating dengue fever's presence in two US cities, Key West and Tucson, found similarities in resident behavior and mosquito population sizes despite differing climates. The study aims to understand why dengue is not more common in Tucson, where mosquito control campaigns are less intensive.
The Metro Academies Initiative has earned a national recognition for its success in retaining and graduating underrepresented students. The program will expand to serve more students from diverse backgrounds by launching new academies across the institution.
Researchers at the University of Leicester have developed a new technique to create protein-based drugs using evolutionary engineering. The method involves generating millions of variants of a protein, selecting those with improved properties, and repeating the cycle until the desired function is achieved.
The Philippines has experienced devastating heavy rains from Super Typhoon Haiyan and Tropical Storm 30W, resulting in over 2300 confirmed fatalities. The storm surge caused catastrophic flooding, with waters rising up to 5.2 meters in Tacloban.
Researchers will investigate how acetylcholine affects brain cell activity and communication within networks to refine the development of therapeutic cholinergic agents. The goal is to improve treatment efficacy for dementia and related cognitive disorders.
Researchers found that probiotic Enterococcus faecium reduced pathogenic E. coli strains in piglets' intestines, promoting gut balance and reducing antibiotic use. The study suggests probiotics could substitute for antibiotics as growth promoters.
Researchers found that natural selection acts on evolvability, favoring traits that enable rapid adaptation and evolution in pathogens like Lyme disease bacteria. This is evident through increased genetic diversity among unexpressed cassettes, which offer a window into past natural selection for more evolvable VlsE protein.
Despite a quarter century of evolution, bacteria in Richard Lenski's lab continue to adapt and become more fit. Researchers used a 'frozen fossil record' of bacteria samples from different generations to measure their trajectory, finding that they never reach a fitness peak but instead follow a power law function.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed tiny protein tubes called Janus nanotubes, which can accurately channel drugs into cells. These nanotubes have a tubular structure that allows small molecules and ions to pass through, making them promising for water purification and drug development.
Researchers found that the brain processes visual input at a level of understanding its meaning, even if we never consciously perceive it. The study used EEG monitoring to show that participants' brainwaves showed a signature, or N400 waveform, when viewing objects hidden in silhouettes.
EPFL researchers found that copper is essential for malignant cell energy production and that reducing its intake can slow down tumor growth. Copper deficiency resulted in lower respiration enzyme activity and increased glycolysis in tumors.
A new report from the Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth reveals that current codes and regulations do not protect consumers from risky content and messages in alcohol ads. The study found numerous ads promoting unhealthy consumption, objectification of women, and associating alcohol with active lifestyles.
Using a unique 'virtual toothpick' tool set, NASA's Vivek Dwivedi monitors the progress of atomic layer deposition (ALD) in real-time, optimizing conditions to deposit ultra-thin films. This innovation enables more cost-effective experimentation with ALD for various space applications.
Three researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have been awarded ARC Future Fellowships to study how the body controls errant immune cells causing type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease. They aim to develop new treatments using cell signalling pathways and targeted vaccines or drugs.
Infectious disease specialist Dr. Josѐ A. Vazquez emphasizes the need for improved education on antibiotic use to combat multidrug-resistant organisms. The overuse of antibiotics in hospitals and communities contributes to resistance, which can spread through casual encounters.