Researchers have developed a novel device called the Shoelace Antenna to regulate heat and particle flow through the plasma boundary in a tokamak fusion reactor. The antenna exploits naturally occurring resonant vibrations to achieve this goal.
A team of scientists and engineers from the National Oceanography Centre successfully tested a new device that can measure pH levels in seawater. The sensor uses a dye that changes color with pH, allowing for accurate long-term monitoring of ocean acidification, which is impacting marine ecosystems.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to add genetically modified viruses to the production of nanowires, which can serve as one of a battery's electrodes. This increases the surface area, allowing for more efficient charging and discharging.
A comprehensive database of generation lengths for all extant mammal species has been developed, providing a crucial time reference for population ecology and conservation biology. The dataset contains data on adult body mass, maximum longevity, reproductive life span, and age at first reproduction for 5427 mammal species.
A new study using phylogenetic analysis explores the relationships among different folktales, including 'Little Red Riding Hood', to identify distinct groups spread across regions and cultures. The research suggests that folktales evolve gradually over time, with elements blending together as they spread.
Experts warn of substantial economic losses from ocean acidification, with declines in shellfisheries and tropical coral reefs expected. Reducing carbon dioxide emissions can slow acidification and protect some ecosystems.
A new compound has been found to inhibit cognitive impairment in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, showing a 60% improvement in learning and memory. The research uses the Endothelin system to target potential treatments for AD.
Researchers found significant loss of neurons in the retina's inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers, suggesting Alzheimer's disease presence. The study suggests a potential new way to diagnose or predict Alzheimer's through eye examination, using optical coherence tomography.
A study at Oak Ridge National Laboratory used neutron scattering and supercomputing to demystify the forces behind pretreatment processes in biofuel production. The research revealed unexpected findings about water molecules trapped between cellulose fibers, which can either dehydrate or separate into different phases when heated.
A new clinical trial found that low-intensity chemotherapy regimens are highly effective in treating adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma, resulting in excellent long-term survival rates of over 90%. The treatment reduces toxicity compared to standard high-dose chemotherapy, leading to improved outcomes for adults.
A study by Washington University School of Medicine found that healthy children have numerous antibiotic resistance genes in their gut microbes. The research highlights the need for responsible antibiotic use to prevent the spread of resistance and serious illness.
A Clemson University scientist is studying the impact of environmental changes on lucinids, a common species of clam found in Southern coastal marine sediments. The research aims to understand how these clams contribute to coastal biodiversity and develop strategies to manage natural resources.
A new USC study found that the protein Lkb1 promotes orderly skeletal growth and prevents skeletal tumors by controlling the progression of immature cartilage cells. This discovery sheds light on how this protein helps keep people organized, with implications for understanding human diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
The NHS 111 service increased emergency ambulance calls, attendances at emergency care departments, and use of urgent care services during its first year of operation. Despite being designed to direct patients to the most appropriate level of care, NHS 111 did not reduce these pressures.
Ex-tropical storm 30W has re-developed into a low-pressure area near Chennai, India, with heavy rainfall and thunderstorms expected to make landfall within the next two days. The system is moving west-southwest at 9 knots per hour, bringing up to 10 inches of rain to northern Tamil Nadu and southern Andhra Pradesh.
Northeastern researchers have developed a new treatment to cure MRSA infections by targeting dormant cells called persisters. The approach uses a drug called ADEP, which effectively wakes up and eliminates these expert survivors, leading to complete eradication of the bacterial population.
A recent study from Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center found that severe sepsis mortality rates decreased significantly between 1991-1995 (47%) and 2006-2009 (29%). The decline occurred without the development of new pharmacological treatments for severe sepsis.
Researchers have developed a novel, non-invasive monitoring device that uses multilayer nanotechnology to detect acetone levels in the breath of diabetics, correlating with blood-glucose levels. This technology aims to improve patient compliance and quality of life for people living with diabetes.
A recent study found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who engage in low levels of physical activity are at a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death, with a 25% greater risk of coronary events and a 70% greater risk of fatal cardiovascular events.
Researchers at UCLA found that engineered tomatoes can reduce the negative effects of unsaturated lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) in mice, which are linked to high cholesterol and inflammation. The tomatoes produce a peptide that mimics HDL ('good') cholesterol, stopping increases in 'bad' cholesterol and inflammation.
A study by Canadian and Peruvian researchers found that the bulk of Peruvian landings' value comes from producing seafood for human consumption. The Peruvian anchovy generates up to one-third of the world's fishmeal supply but only accounts for 31% of sector revenue.
Researchers found that people with higher pulse pressure in middle age are more likely to have Alzheimer's biomarkers in their spinal fluid. For every 10 point rise in pulse pressure, the average level of p-tau protein rose by 1.5 picograms per milliliter.
Researchers found that regulatory T-cells express high levels of the enzyme ALDH and are resistant to cyclophosphamide, allowing them to protect patients from graft-versus-host disease. This discovery may lead to new therapies to prevent or treat cancer relapse after a transplant.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation leading to a reduction in proteins in the brain, causing intellectual disability. The study highlights the importance of unraveling the causes of these conditions, with potential implications for up to 3% of the population affected.
A study by Indiana University cognitive scientists reveals that 1-year-olds and their parents coordinate visual attention to objects through hand-eye coordination, rather than just following gaze. This new mechanism has implications for language learning and the treatment of children with early social-communication impairment.
The report provides a summary of laws and policies to better protect victims of domestic violence, highlighting the link between firearms and lethal intimate partner violence. Several federal and state laws, including the Gun Control Act of 1968 and Texas law, prohibit gun ownership by abusers in domestic violence cases.
A study using phylogenetic analysis maps out the evolution of folk tales, revealing that Little Red Riding Hood shares a common root with The Wolf and the Kids, which originated in the 1st century AD. The research sheds light on the migration patterns of humans in ancient times by determining the origins and evolution of folk stories.
Researchers have successfully shielded fusion facility walls using lithium vapors, extending protection to 10 times longer than expected. The breakthrough could alleviate concerns about plasma contamination and aborting fusion reactions in future devices.
Researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with Wolfram syndrome to model beta-cell failure. They found that protein-folding stress caused cells to fail and discovered a chemical, 4-phenyl butyric acid, that relieves this stress, potentially leading to new treatments.
A new study warns that Brazil's oil palm expansion could lead to extremely high emissions of carbon dioxide if not strictly controlled. The researchers found that if plantations spill over into conservation or indigenous areas, the total amount of CO2 emissions may exceed the carbon intensity of petroleum diesel.
Researchers from the Carl-Philipp Heisenberg group have identified a key mechanism for limiting tissue tension during cell division, enabling epithelial closure and wound healing. By orienting cell division through mechanical tension, cells can maintain their integrity and ensure proper tissue development.
Regular, moderate coffee consumption decreases an individual's risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Key research findings include a 25% lower risk for consuming three to four cups per day compared to none or less than two cups.
Research from Bispebjerg University Hospital in Denmark found that women with asthma took longer to conceive compared to those without. The study revealed a higher proportion of prolonged time to pregnancy among asthmatic women, particularly those with untreated asthma.
Researchers have found evidence of chili pepper residues in ancient pottery dating back to 400 BC, suggesting that Mixe-Zoquean cultures may have used chili peppers for multiple culinary purposes. The discovery opens the door for further research into the uses of chili peppers in prehistoric times.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that only about half of patients with newly diagnosed high cholesterol were screened for thyroid dysfunction. Current guidelines recommend TSH blood tests to rule out hypothyroidism in these patients.
A new study found that butyrate, a fatty acid produced by gut bacteria, induces the production of regulatory T cells in the gut, boosting the immune system. This discovery supports the use of butyrate as therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and may lead to personalized preventive medicine.
Researchers have reconstructed 'missing' global temperatures using a combination of satellite and surface data, revealing that the Arctic is warming rapidly. The new study suggests that the rate of warming since 1997 has been two and a half times greater than previously estimated.
Researchers at KIST developed a biodegradable magnesium alloy that can be used in orthopedics and plastic surgery. The alloy has been approved for clinical testing and is expected to reshape the landscape in fracture treatment.
Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center have developed a novel diagnostic instrument that can remotely map the composition of material surfaces inside a magnetic fusion device. This new approach promises to provide scientists with insights into the dynamic interaction between fusing plasma and its surrounding materials.
A new monkey study links impulsivity, rewards, and ADHD medication Ritalin, shedding light on the brain's reward processing mechanism. The study found that methylphenidate improved impulsive behavior in monkeys, but did not eliminate it, suggesting a potential link between the drug and temporal discounting.
Researchers investigated four fundamental mechanisms: TRUS, CTOF, RR, and CT-SIG, which provide principles for designing intelligent SON systems. Bio-inspired algorithms, such as ACO and BeeHive, have shown capabilities in self-optimization and fault-tolerant operations, addressing networking and operational issues.
Research from University of Southampton reveals that nostalgic thoughts increase optimism and self-esteem, providing a positive outlook on the future. The studies also highlight music's role in evoking nostalgia, further supporting its capacity to promote psychological comfort.
Researchers found that South American squirrel monkeys can detect structural dependencies in musical patterns, similar to those found in human languages. This suggests that the ability to process dependencies may have evolved in human cognition along with human language.
The new open access journal Photoacoustics is launched by Elsevier to publish original research and review contributions in the fast-growing field of photoacoustics. The journal aims to capture exciting developments in this highly promising field and contribute to its growth.
A new study found that people's decisions on recognizing faces are dependent on the context, not just repeated exposure. The brain's fusiform face area learns familiar information about faces, while the superior temporal sulcus influences recognition reports based on social context.
A study by researchers from The University of Akron found that increased spirituality in teens undergoing substance abuse treatment is linked to greater likelihood of abstinence, positive social behaviors, and reduced narcissism. This shift was strongest among teens who reported a spiritual identity at discharge.
A new algorithm for automated test construction has been developed to improve the alignment and validity of assessments for the Common Core State Standards. The study found that this approach can provide more accurate measures of student mastery, which is essential for effective instructional time use by school leaders. Additionally, t...
New research found that scorpions choose their strongest defensive behavior based on both physical characteristics and performance measurements. The study also revealed a correlation between scorpion shape, pinch force, and venom strength when defending themselves from predators.
A new study found that hormone therapy has no significant impact on the quality of life for recently menopausal women without hot flashes. Women with moderate to severe hot flashes did experience improvements in sleep and other symptoms, but not overall health or sexual well-being.
A team of astronomers discovered that black hole jets contain ordinary atoms, including nickel and iron, which provide the positive charge. The jets are accelerated to high speeds, with some moving at 66% of the speed of light, revealing new insights into their formation.
Researchers at Scripps Translational Science Institute used wireless health sensors to collect data from meditators, studying the immediate effects of meditation on blood pressure and markers of stress. The study aims to guide better treatments for high blood pressure and other health conditions.
A new gene therapy has shown promising results in reversing heart failure by delivering the SUMO-1 gene directly to the heart. In preclinical testing, the therapy improved cardiac function, reduced heart volumes, and enhanced blood flow compared to other treatments.
BBA Clinical is an open access journal focusing on translating molecular insights into clinical research, particularly in areas like aging, cancer, and neurological diseases. The journal aims to provide a platform for researchers to share findings from clinical trials targeting biochemical pathways and processes.
Researchers have designed a highly sensitive nanosensor using graphene oxide to detect extremely low levels of uranium and plutonium in nuclear waste water. The discovery has significant implications for identifying potential leaks and ensuring environmental and human health safety.
Researchers found that women injured during the premenstrual phase had slower recovery and poorer health one month after injury compared to those injured during other phases. The study suggests that sex hormones like estrogen and progesterone may play a role in concussion outcomes.
Researchers from Penn and Drexel have demonstrated a novel solar cell construction method, which may improve energy absorption efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs. The discovery is based on a material exhibiting the bulk photovoltaic effect, allowing for more efficient harvesting of visible light.
Research found that adolescents with poor parental supervision were more likely to be problem gamblers between ages 16-22. Parental monitoring is a known effective intervention throughout early adolescence and can help prevent future problems with gambling.
Dr. Joshua Yuan's project aims to develop a way for plants to produce terpenoid directly, making it easily accessible as a combustible fuel. The US Energy Department grant will help increase the amount of combustible fuel produced by plants, with the goal of creating a commercially viable product.
New studies uncover the connection between social status and specific brain structures and activity, particularly in the context of social stress. The findings suggest that adult rats living in disrupted environments produce fewer new brain cells, while people with larger social networks have bigger and better-connected brain regions.
Prof. Amnon Cohen, a renowned expert on the Ottoman Empire, was recognized by the Turkish Historical Society as an honorary fellow. He has conducted extensive research on Israel's development under Ottoman rule and served as an advisor to Israeli defense ministers.