Researchers found that people judge their friends' behavior based on preexisting images and attitudes, leading to inconsistent evaluations. This bias can be beneficial for social cohesion but also poses problems in specific situations, such as job interviews or legal settings.
Carbyne nanorods or nanoropes have a host of remarkable and useful properties, including surpassing the tensile strength of any other known material and having twice the tensile stiffness of graphene. Stretching carbyne alters its electronic band gap significantly, making it suitable for applications such as sensors and energy storage.
Researchers developed a new way to process signals in cochlear implants, allowing users to perceive differences between musical instruments. The technique significantly improved timbre recognition, but melody perception remained challenging.
Scientists at Rice University have created a method to locate specific sequences along single strands of DNA, which could help diagnose genetic diseases. The 'motion blur point accumulation' technique resolves structures as small as 30 nanometers by capturing images of fluorescent probes binding to target DNA.
Pursuing clean water projects and vaccination campaigns could avert up to 89,000 future cholera infections and protect against other water-borne diarrheal diseases. Improved WASH services have long-term benefits for Haiti's public health beyond ending cholera transmission.
New technology enabled scientists to prove that most people with type 1 diabetes have active beta cells producing insulin in response to food, contrary to previous thought. This finding has significant implications for understanding the biology of Type 1 diabetes and may lead to new therapies to preserve or replenish beta cells.
Patients who received care at multiple HIV clinics had lower ART adherence, higher viral loads, and increased healthcare costs compared to those receiving care at a single clinic. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous care with one provider for optimal outcomes and reducing transmissions.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a compact, room-temperature terahertz source with an output power of 215 microwatts, paving the way for applications in homeland security, medical imaging and space research. The device, similar to a laser diode, operates at high power without cryogenic cooling.
Researchers developed a new approach to selectively permeabilize the blood-brain barrier at sites of brain metastases using tumor necrosis factor. This allows for more effective delivery of anti-breast cancer drugs to brain metastases.
A RAND Corporation study finds that physician job satisfaction is driven by quality patient care, with electronic health records being a significant source of stress. Physicians report frustration with systems that hinder face-to-face interactions and accuracy of medical records.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have made progress toward a treatment for dangerous allergies by designing a special molecule that can out-compete allergens in their race to attach to mast cell receptors. The team has demonstrated the effectiveness of their inhibitor molecule on allergic reactions using animal models.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a topical compound called PPADS can inhibit symptoms associated with both dry and wet AMD, offering promise for a breakthrough treatment. The researchers tested the compound on mice and observed significant reduction in tissue damage and blood vessel growth characteristic of AMD.
Researchers found that L-cystine crystals form stacked hexagonal 'islands' with one screw dislocation, contradicting long-standing BCF theory. However, further analysis revealed that the crystals actually grow in a manner predicted by the theory, showcasing the complexity of crystal growth.
A Mayo Clinic study found that cataract surgery rates are rising across all age groups, with a significant increase among 70- and 80-year-olds. The demand is expected to continue, highlighting the need to manage costs and ensure access to treatment.
A new study finds that stress sweat significantly impacts social judgments of one's confidence, trustworthiness, and competence in both males and females. The study, published in PLOS ONE, reveals that the odor from stress-related sweat affects how women are perceived by others.
Historic global trends predict that global forest cover will decline by 10% over the next century unless new technologies boost yields or strategies to decrease food consumption are introduced. Reforestation may increase global forest cover to 35% within 70 years if food production and consumption stabilize.
A recent trial found that honey did not offer better protection against infection than standard antibiotics in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The study involved 371 participants and showed no significant difference in the time to first infection between the two groups.
Researchers have found that combining gene therapy with an extra boost of stem cells leads to faster healing of burns and greater blood flow to the site of the wound. The study uses elderly mice as a model to understand why older people with burns fail to heal well and how to potentially harness the body's own bone marrow stem cells to...
Researchers at U-M Health System have begun a Phase II clinical trial using stem cells to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating disease affecting nerve cells. The trial, approved by the FDA and funded by Neuralstem Inc., aims to assess the safety and potential effects of injected stem cells on motor neurons.
A laboratory study at the University of Michigan has shown promising results in regenerating cardiac birth defects using amniotic stem cells. The researchers believe this approach could one day help thousands of babies born each year with congenital heart defects.
PENTAX Medical will provide substantial funding over three years to stimulate innovation in gastroenterology, advancing science and practice. The partnership supports the AGA Institute's development of essential programming to promote innovation and technology in digestive diseases.
A team of researchers at Mount Sinai used systems biology and big data analysis to find that combining diabetes drug rosiglitazone with exanatide reduced heart attacks. The approach identifies potential safer combinations, sparking interest in repurposing FDA-approved drugs.
Scientists have created a mouse model that may reveal useful targets for new adenomyosis treatments. The model is based on the beta-catenin protein, which causes changes in cells leading to the disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a defect in cell communication as the likely cause of systemic sclerosis, a disease affecting approximately 100,000 people in the US. They also developed treatment strategies using compounds that target the immune response and fibrosis.
Researchers at RIKEN have provided evidence for a new nuclear 'magic number' in the unstable calcium isotope 54Ca, which has 34 neutrons. This discovery challenges the traditional understanding of atomic nuclei and sheds light on the behavior of highly unstable nuclei.
A new gene transfer strategy using modified human stem cells introduces chimeric antigen receptors to target tumor cells, leading to a persistent anti-tumor immune response. This approach has shown promise in treating blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.
Researchers analyze injury patterns in FIFA World Cup tournaments, finding that football players are more likely to get injured when their team is ahead. The study also reveals a direct link between the number of free kicks and injury frequency.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that recombinant human prion protein inhibits the propagation of prions, which cause fatal brain diseases. The study's findings have significant implications for treating prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and mad cow disease.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that households with crowding, noise, and lack of routine are associated with poorer health outcomes in preschoolers. The study suggests that chaos in the home environment can lead to stress, which in turn can increase exposure to toxins and germs.
A new study by Canadian physicists reveals that small impurities in the water are a critical factor in the formation of icicle ripples. The researchers found that icicles grown from pure distilled water exhibited no ripples, but those grown with salt impurities developed characteristic ripples.
Researchers discovered that prairie fruits are rich in nutrients, including ascorbic acid, anthocyanin pigments and dietary fibre. These findings support the commercial development of buffaloberry, chokecherry and sea buckthorn berries for global populations.
A mathematician has calculated how peer pressure influences society, examining the effect of direct and indirect social influences on decision-making. The study found that the process begins with individuals directly connected to each other reaching agreement, then the entire social group tips into collective consensus.
The study found that areas in the tropics will experience unprecedented climates first, with a radically different climate projected by 2047 under a business-as-usual scenario. Conservation planning could be undermined as protected areas face unprecedented climates, and rapid changes may lead to extinctions.
A study by CU researchers has identified a soy derivative as the likely cause of liver damage in patients receiving intravenous nutrition. The finding may lead to better treatments for patients with intestinal problems or pancreatitis who rely on intravenous feeding.
Khaleel Razak's research aims to develop therapies for age-related hearing problems and Fragile X Syndrome by studying how the brain processes everyday sounds. His lab will investigate neural computations that generate cortical maps underlying sound localization behavior in the pallid bat.
A study comparing the effects of crystalloid and colloid fluids on survival in critically ill patients found no significant difference in 28-day mortality rates between the two groups. The use of colloids was associated with a lower risk of death at 90 days, but this finding requires further investigation.
Two UK-funded projects will monitor crucial ocean currents in the North Atlantic, improving long-term climate predictions and weather forecasts. The first project, OSNAP, will run for five years, with funding of around £20m, while the second project, RAPID, will continue to monitor the strength of the global conveyor belt until 2018.
A team of researchers identified a molecular mechanism that defends the human genome against mobile DNA sequences. The study found that abnormalities in this mechanism are linked to DiGeorge syndrome, a rare disease caused by chromosome microdeletion. The research aims to develop new therapies for the disease.
A study of postmenopausal women found that taking multivitamin/mineral supplements reduced the risk of dying from invasive breast cancer by 30%. The association persisted even after controlling for other factors, suggesting a potential cause-and-effect relationship.
MIT researchers discovered that under certain conditions, a cracked piece of metal can close and heal due to grain boundary migration. The mechanism, which involves disclination defects, has potential applications in designing self-healing materials for various industries.
Regular weight training may improve HDL function and protect against heart disease even in those who remain overweight. The study found that sedentary men had dysfunctional HDL compared to strength-trained men, regardless of body weight status. Fitness is a better measure of who has healthier functioning HDL cholesterol.
Healthcare spending in the US is projected to grow at an average annual rate of 5.8% from 2012 to 2022, with increased growth expected after 2013 due to expanded health coverage and faster economic growth. The Affordable Care Act is expected to influence this growth, with Medicaid enrollment increasing by 8.7 million people in 2014.
Muscle wasting occurs rapidly in critically ill patients, with significant skeletal muscle weakness and physical disability persisting for at least 5 years. Early interventions to enhance anabolism may be required to limit or prevent muscle loss.
A McGill University team has identified a key gene that regulates how wheat responds to excess rainfall and humidity, potentially preventing the loss of $1 billion annually. This discovery in epigenetic factors may also improve yields and quality of other cereals like barley.
A study of 300 ICU patients in France found that statin therapy did not decrease day-28 mortality rates among those with ventilator-associated pneumonia. The results suggest that new treatments are needed to improve outcomes for this common and costly infection.
A randomized study found that patients treated with esmolol achieved a target heart rate of 80-94 beats per minute, compared to 95/min in the control group. The study also showed improved mortality rates and overall survival among those receiving esmolol.
A meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials found that Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice reduced trait anxiety in people with high anxiety levels. Studies showed significant reductions in anxiety, especially in those with elevated anxiety levels.
Scientists have identified a new approach to treating multiple sclerosis by boosting oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which can repair damaged nerve fibers. A Parkinson's disease drug called benztropine was highly effective in treating a standard model of MS in mice, both alone and in combination with existing therapies.
A recent study found no significant increase in serious diseases among HPV-vaccinated girls compared to unvaccinated peers, despite monitoring over 900,000 participants. The researchers also noted that mild adverse reactions such as fever and swelling are common but not considered a concern.
Land-based lava pillars in Iceland may have formed without explosion due to slow-moving lava interacting with water in a 'kinder' manner, suggesting new insights into volcanic risk assessment.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that an HDL receptor in breast cancer cells may be responsible for the increased risk and aggressiveness of breast cancer. Blocking this receptor could help treat the disease, according to Dr. Philippe Frank.
A new study published in Neurology found that stroke treatments and prevention are not effective enough to improve quality of life for people who experience a stroke. The study suggests that strokes take nearly three out of five quality years off a person's life, depending on the severity of the stroke.
A research campaign aimed at increasing organ donor registrations showed a statistically significant increase in the number of people registering to donate. The campaign, which used multiple messages and volunteers, was implemented at 20 Department of Motor Vehicles facilities in Illinois.
A new study by UC Davis reveals a strong correlation between human life expectancy and the loss of endangered species, with countries experiencing high GDP growth showing higher percentages of invasive birds and mammals. The research highlights the need for better scientific understanding of human-environment interactions.
A University of Michigan Health System study found that high-skilled surgeons had significantly fewer post-surgery complications and shorter operations. The study used video ratings data of 20 bariatric surgeons' operating skills to predict patient outcomes, with low skill surgeons experiencing higher complication rates.
Jack Dongarra, a distinguished professor at the University of Tennessee, is being honored for his work on mathematical software standards and their impact on high-performance computing. He will receive the ACM-IEEE Computer Society Ken Kennedy Award for his influential contributions to performance measurement and parallel programming.
A unique experiment involving 500 industrial plants in Gujarat, India, reveals that changing the auditing system from firm-paid to central-funded auditors significantly reduced pollution levels and increased accuracy. The study's findings have implications for the global debt-rating system and corporate financial reports.
A new study by the University of South Carolina reveals significant limitations in NHANES data, with most nutrition data being physiologically implausible and invalid for population-level analysis. This has serious implications for the role of energy intake in obesity and public health policy.
Researchers found that strenuous exercise like running a marathon causes temporary changes in the heart muscle, particularly in less fit distance runners. These changes are reversible but highlight the need for proper preparation before marathons to minimize potential damage.
Researchers found that adding salt to water creates ripples on icicles, with the effect only occurring at low salinity levels. The discovery challenges existing theories and has implications for understanding ice dynamics and pattern formation.