Researchers studied Brachyury gene's role in regulating notochord development, finding CRM mutations affect timing of gene expression. This can lead to birth defects and cancer by delaying critical developmental processes.
A new report highlights 100 companies created from federally funded university research, driving innovation and job creation. The companies' success is attributed to the nurturing ecosystem of research universities, providing access to essential tools like technology transfer offices and business incubators.
A Swedish study found that teenagers and young adults diagnosed with cancer are at a 60% increased risk of suicide or attempted suicide. The risk is highest during the first year after diagnosis, with suicidal behavior being 1.5-fold higher among cancer patients compared to the general population.
A study using eye tracking technology found that men focus more on women's chests and waists than faces when evaluating their appearance. Women with hourglass figures are generally regarded more positively, even by personality-focused men. This highlights the objectifying gaze towards women and its impact on self-perception.
A study of over 6,000 Swiss adolescents found that child sexual abuse via the internet is alarmingly widespread, with 28% of girls and 10% of boys experiencing it. The majority of victims were abused by juvenile perpetrators, and most did not disclose their experiences to authorities.
The COREVALVE EXTREME RISK trial found that the self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve reduced all-cause mortality or major stroke rate by 68% at 12 months compared to the pre-specified performance goal. The study included 487 patients with severe aortic stenosis, most of whom were elderly and had high surgical risk.
Researchers discovered a new molecular target for controlling malaria by blocking egg development in mosquitoes. The study found that a male hormone delivered during sex activates a protein switch, which boosts egg production. This finding holds promise for developing new tools to control malaria-transmitting mosquito populations.
A study published in the Journal of Traumatic Stress found that second-generation Holocaust survivors had consistently lower levels of post-traumatic growth than non-second generation survivors, contrary to expectations. The researchers suggest that this may be due to inherited trauma and guilt from their parents' experience.
Scientists have identified a novel transposon in listeria bacteria responsible for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride. The discovery highlights the importance of thorough disinfection in food-processing facilities to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that psychological and health promotion interventions by non-mental health specialists improved symptoms in women during the perinatal period. The study, conducted in middle-income countries, suggests promise for psychosocial interventions in low- and middle-income settings.
Researchers found that patients with primary immunodeficiencies had altered skin microbiomes, with specific sites showing reduced microbial diversity. The study suggests that correcting the diversity of microbes on the skin may aid in disease treatment.
The October issue of Educational Researcher explores the role of sorting between boys and girls across public U.S. high schools in explaining the gender gap in college enrollment, particularly for black and Hispanic students. The study reveals that even modest amounts of gender sorting contribute to gender inequality in college entry.
A new University of Michigan study finds that 10.4% of teens and young adults treated in the emergency room admitted to misusing prescription painkillers or sedatives at least once in the last year. The study suggests that emergency departments could be an effective setting for screening and intervening early before problems arise.
A researcher at Miriam Hospital has been awarded a $2.9 million NIH grant to investigate the physiological impact of maternal smoking on fetal development. The study will use ultrasound technology to identify real-time fetal markers of risk among pregnant smokers, with the goal of predicting infant neurobehavioral deficits.
Researchers found that bats and toothed whales produce similar sounds for echolocation in the frequency range of 10-200 kHz. This convergent evolution helps them navigate and catch prey in their respective environments. The study reveals surprising similarities between these species, challenging traditional notions of adaptation.
A team led by Professor Simon Keay will study 31 Roman ports across nine countries using geophysical surveys, satellite imagery, and ancient texts. The project aims to gather knowledge about how these ports integrated into vast trading networks across the Roman Empire.
A new MBL zebrafish study elucidates the importance of calcium signaling in wound healing by identifying key membrane proteins that trigger cellular migration. The research reveals a graded calcium signal surrounding wounds, guiding skin cells to migrate toward the center and regenerate new skin.
Researchers developed a method to analyze redwood cores for climate reconstruction, revealing 50-year coastal conditions. The technique uses oxygen isotopes to detect fog and rainfall, providing insights into ocean temperatures and long-term climate change.
Researchers from Nanjing Normal University and BGI report their original genomic research on the Yangtze River dolphin, providing valuable resources for conservation. The study reveals genetic and evolutionary adaptations, including accelerated evolution of genes involved in oxygen carrying and sensing.
A recent study found that African-American women and non-white women have lower knowledge about urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse compared to white women. The study suggests that culturally sensitive educational interventions are urgently needed to address these disparities.
A new €6 million global research program, CF Matters, aims to develop personalized antibiotic treatments for Cystic Fibrosis patients. The study will use molecular next-generation DNA sequencing methods to detect bacteria present in patients' sputum and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment.
According to the USC CTM report, Americans' media consumption has increased significantly between 2008 and 2015, with average daily consumption expected to reach 15.5 hours by 2015. The total amount of data delivered will exceed 8.75 zettabytes annually, representing a year-over-year growth rate of 25%.
A new mixing strategy using synchronized flows of jets has been developed to optimize mixers in industrial products. The 'cat's eyes flip flow' is a promising solution that increases performance while reducing energy consumption, making the process more environmentally friendly.
Men who spend more than 11.38 hours a day engaged in sedentary behaviors are 45% more likely to experience colorectal adenoma recurrence compared to those who spend fewer than 6.90 hours. The study found that sedentary behavior independently contributes to increased cancer risk beyond the accompanying reduction in physical activity.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital have found a way to overcome the immune system's attack on gene therapy viruses. By using plasmapheresis, a process that temporarily removes antibodies from the body, they were able to increase gene expression in animals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy by 500 percent.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that men diagnosed with prostate cancer who were overweight or obese at diagnosis were more likely to die from the disease. Men with high Gleason scores had the strongest correlation between body mass index and death, suggesting weight loss could prolong survival.
Researchers have found that El Nino events have been more active and intense over the past 30 years than at any time in the past 600 years. As global average temperatures increase, these extreme events are expected to become even more frequent and severe.
Researchers studied coral skeletons at the nanoscale, revealing three distinct regions formed daily. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for protecting coral reefs from acidification and rising temperatures.
A Stanford-led study of pesticide exposure and hypospadias in male infants found only weak evidence of an association. The researchers analyzed thousands of birth records and commercial pesticide application records for eight counties in California's Central Valley, identifying 15 chemicals with possible associations with the condition.
Researchers discovered how Brachyury regulates the timing of gene expression in the notochord, a precursor to the backbone, and found that certain mutations can delay or alter this process, potentially leading to birth defects and cancer. The study sheds light on a crucial regulatory mechanism in embryonic development.
A team of researchers has identified a new species of humpback dolphin swimming in the waters off northern Australia. The study, published in Molecular Ecology, analyzed physical features and genetic data to determine that the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin includes at least four member species, one of which is completely new to science.
Researchers are studying the molecular interactions between CFTR and SLC5A8 transport proteins in the thyroid gland, which may play a role in moving iodide into follicular lumens.
A study by University of California, Riverside psychologists found that people who are unrealistically optimistic about their health risks take preventive action when faced with worse-than-expected news, but those with pessimistic views do not change their behavior after receiving better-than-expected feedback. This poses a dilemma for...
Researchers correctly identified the brains of mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss and medical scholar Conrad Heinrich Fuchs using MRI scans, revealing they were switched over 150 years ago. The discovery highlights the importance of historic collections for modern-day research.
A voting joystick created at Michigan State University has shown promise in user testing, enabling users with dexterity impairments to vote independently. The device, comparable to a joystick used for motorized wheelchairs, could greatly improve accessibility for millions of Americans.
The SAFE-PCI for Women trial found that radial access reduced bleeding and complication rates compared to femoral access, with a significant benefit seen in the overall cohort. The study's findings suggest that radial access is a reasonable strategy for women undergoing cardiac catheterization.
A new study found that pregnant rats exposed to an obesity-linked hormone during pregnancy lost their reduced breast cancer risk after birth. Researchers believe this may be related to gene changes in healthy breast cells.
Researchers have found a potential new class of fast-acting antidepressants that could alleviate symptoms in as little as five days, offering a safer alternative to existing treatments.
NASA's infrared imagery reveals signs of organization and strengthening in Tropical Depression 29W over the Philippine Sea. The system is expected to move west and cross over Luzon as a tropical storm on October 31, potentially intensifying into a typhoon in the South China Sea.
Research found that people are rated as more attractive when part of a group, with average faces being perceived as more attractive due to the averaging out of idiosyncrasies. The study suggests that being in a group confers an attractiveness benefit, roughly bumping someone from the 49th percentile to the 51st percentile.
Research suggests that older children with HIV may need to start antiretroviral therapy (ART) earlier to achieve high CD4 counts in later life. The recommended CD4 count thresholds for ART initiation are unlikely to maximize immunological health in children who have never received ART before the age of 10 years.
A new study suggests that coral reefs can adapt to moderate climate warming if there are significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions. The research found that corals have already adapted to part of the warming that has occurred over the past 40 to 60 years, and could potentially reduce bleaching by 20-80% through genetic adaptation.
A Sandia-led team has created a tunable plasmonic crystal that can transmit terahertz light at varying frequencies, increasing bandwidth in high-speed communication networks. The crystal's ability to direct light like a photonic crystal, combined with its sub-wavelength size, hybridizes the two concepts.
Researchers found that reindeer eyes change color in response to seasonal changes in light levels, from gold in summer to blue in winter. This adaptation helps them see better in the limited light of winter, increasing their sensitivity to detect moving predators.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $14.5 million to develop a data and knowledge management system for geosciences, fostering greater data accessibility and research collaboration. The EarthCube framework aims to connect geo-, bio- and cyberscientists to advance the understanding and prediction of the Earth system.
Researchers developed a new forensic technique to identify textile materials based on surface chemistry, bypassing visual characteristics. The method uses X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with argon-ion cluster beam technology to analyze surface layers, enabling the identification of fabrics and distinguishing treated fibers.
Eating together as a family can help prevent childhood obesity, according to researchers from the Cornell Food & Brand Lab. Families who prioritize meaningful socialization during meals and avoid screens tend to have lower BMI levels in both children and adults.
Low birth weight infants exhibit microbiome differentiation in their mouths, gut, and skin by day 15 after birth. The gut microbiome plays a significant role in this process, with changes driven by bacterial types associated with newborn infections and necrotizing enterocolitis.
Researchers have identified a molecular mechanism behind hyperphagia in obese patients, where specific antibodies stabilize ghrelin, leading to increased appetite. This discovery opens new opportunities for designing treatments targeting this mechanism to reduce excessive food intake.
The DOE JGI 2014 Community Science Program portfolio explores functional information from complex ecosystems, addressing energy and environmental challenges. The inaugural round of eight accepted proposals focus on carbon cycling and biofuels production.
A pilot initiative at Mount Sinai Hospital shows that establishing standardized criteria for calling a palliative care consultation improves the quality of care for patients hospitalized with advanced cancer. This led to increased use of hospice services, lower in-hospital mortality and hospital readmission rates.
A new study predicts that the Affordable Care Act will increase emergency department reimbursements by 17% for uninsured patients on Medicaid and 39% for those switching to private insurance. This could help reverse a decades-long trend of uncompensated care in ERs.
NREL will develop a new low-cost flow battery using organic energy storage materials to overcome limitations of current flow batteries. The goal is to increase energy density and reduce cost, enabling widespread adoption of electric vehicles.
A survey of 71 hospitals found that most had policies in place for device use, surgery, and hand hygiene, but fewer had policies on antimicrobial stewardship. Practices to reduce device risk varied between hospitals, with some using bladder scanners and others lacking proper training on urinary catheter placement.
Research published in Hepatology suggests that estrogen has a protective effect against the development of severe liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The study found that men and post-menopausal women have similar risks of developing severe fibrosis compared to pre-menopausal women.
A new study conducted by Portuguese urologists found enterocystoplasty to be a safe and effective surgical option for children with developmental abnormalities of the genitourinary system. The procedure showed low rates of severe complications, including successful bladder function improvement in 24 patients.
The SORT-OUT VI trial found that both zotarolimus-eluting and biolimus-eluting stents were associated with low major adverse cardiac events. The study demonstrated the non-inferiority of biocompatible polymer stents compared to biodegradable polymer-coated stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Researchers found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor suppressed glucose intolerance by improving insulin receptor expression and inhibiting gluconeogenesis in the liver. This suggests a potential therapeutic hypothesis for treating glucose intolerance after cerebral ischemia.
Researchers used eyetracking technology to map visual behavior of both men and women as they viewed images of different females with different body types. Women were found to objectify other women more often for social comparison purposes.
Scientists have identified promising new materials that can encase uranium-bearing fuel, reducing the risk of high-temperature oxidation and failure. These materials may eventually replace traditional zirconium alloys, which have been used for 50 years, if they prove safer in the event of a nuclear disaster.
Exercise programs designed for older adults appear to reduce the risk of injuries caused by falls, including fractures and other serious injuries. The review of 17 trials found that these programs can significantly decrease the rate of falls resulting in medical care, serious injuries, and fractures.
A Rhode Island Hospital study observed staff on 161,526 occasions and found that hand hygiene compliance improved from 60% to 89% between July 2008 and December 2012. The investigators noted increased compliance when healthcare workers were leaving patient rooms or caring for patients during the evening shift.
A new dual-band infrared remote sensing system has been developed by Chinese researchers, allowing for the simultaneous detection and identification of thermal infrared signatures. This innovation enables higher sensitivity for measuring IR spectra than existing combined imaging and spectral-analysis devices.
A team of bat biologists has reclassified the Mortlock Islands flying fox as Pteropus pelagicus, correcting a naming error made in 1882. The study also found that the species is part of a wider geographic distribution than previously thought, and its conservation status is uncertain due to rising sea levels and climate change.
Santiago Grijalva, NREL's new director of the Power Systems Engineering Center, will establish and direct the NREL's grid research portfolio at ESIF. He champions an Internet of the Grid, envisioning millions of decision-makers managing the electric grid.
Researchers from Albert Einstein College of Medicine are leading panels on various aspects of geroscience at the NIH symposium. The event aims to understand the biological processes underlying aging and its impact on chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Researchers found that certain mice develop IRG proteins, a resistance mechanism that prevents the parasites from killing them. This balance between parasite virulence and host resistance allows the infected mice to survive long enough for the parasites to complete their cycle.
Lurie Children's is receiving funding to study ways to improve communication and care coordination in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The project aims to enable parents to make informed decisions about their child's care, given the high-stakes environment of PICUs.
After implementing a national initiative to reduce MRSA rates, cases have continued to decline in VA medical centers. The initiative resulted in significant decreases in both transmission and healthcare-associated infection rates, with notable declines in non-ICU settings.
Clemson University's National Dropout Prevention Center/Network will analyze and enhance rural dropout prevention efforts in 15 states. The project aims to develop solutions and resources for state education departments and school districts, particularly in areas with high percentages of schools in rural and remote regions.
The US is largely dependent on foreign sources for rare earth elements, a trend exacerbated by global demand. Dr. Lawrence Meinert highlights the need for domestic development and secure supply chains to mitigate disruptions.
A team of bat biologists shed new light on the Mortlock Islands flying fox, revealing its first detailed observations of wild populations and a wider geographic distribution than previously thought. The species is facing threats from rising ocean waters brought on by climate change, posing a serious risk to its habitat and food resources.
Research at Northwestern University finds that adolescents from lower maternal educational backgrounds have noisier neural activity, erratic responses to speech sounds, and poorer reading performance. The study suggests that poverty can shape the brain's representation of auditory information.
Canadian researchers identified key contributors to understanding verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) and its associated illnesses, including Dr. Jack Konowalchuk and Mohamed Karmali's association of VTEC with hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The study highlights the significant burden and impact of E. coli-associated infections worldwide.
Researchers at George Washington University found that outpatient emergency department encounters could reimburse more for patients gaining Medicaid or private insurance through the Affordable Care Act. On average, uninsured patients who will be eligible for Medicaid would receive 17% higher reimbursement per visit, while those becomin...
Tropical Storm Raymond's maximum rainfall intensity was only about 33.6mm/hour, and its winds weakened to near 50mph/85kph on Oct. 29. The storm is expected to become a remnant low in a day or so due to cooler ocean temperatures and southwesterly wind shear.
The Weatherstone Fellowship program supports the development of rising talent in autism research, providing critical resources for building early careers. The five 2013 recipients will work directly with mentors and collaborate with others to share knowledge and experiences.
A recent study found that almost 1 in 3 large clinical trials remain unpublished five years after completion, with 78% having no results publicly available. This phenomenon violates an ethical obligation towards study participants, highlighting the need for additional safeguards to ensure timely public dissemination of trial data.
Researchers at University of British Columbia successfully reduced behaviors associated with problem gambling in rats by blocking dopamine D4 receptors. The study found that rats treated with the drug exhibited reduced levels of behaviours like near-misses, offering new hope for treating gambling addiction.
A new study suggests that prenatal exposure to paracetamol may increase the risk of adverse effects on child development, including poorer gross motor skills and behavioral problems. The study found that occasional use for short periods is likely not harmful to the fetus, but more research is needed to confirm these results.
Researchers track drug resistance against flu viruses using extensive database analysis, finding most mutations are on the wane. Honeybees' genetic control behind sex determination studied, revealing 116-145 csd alleles worldwide and a novel function arising every 400,000 years.
Researchers at Joint BioEnergy Institute create dynamic pathway regulation using stress-response promoters to improve chemical product production. This approach enables regulation of artificial metabolic pathways in response to toxic intermediate metabolites.
The review team found that long-term exposure to environmental noise affects the cardiovascular system, with connections to hypertension, ischemic heart diseases, and stroke. Noise also impacts sleep disturbance, children's cognition, and hospital settings.
Eleven Stanford researchers have received funding for promising new clean energy and efficiency projects, including studies on hybrid car performance, natural ventilation systems, and smart meter data analysis. The awards total $2.2 million and support early work on concepts with high potential impact on energy production and use.
Scientists report nearly double coastal erosion speed in Eastern Siberia due to rising summer temperatures and Arctic sea ice retreat. The study reveals a significant increase in wave-driven erosion, with the island of Muostakh at risk of disappearing.
A new study has shown that egg development in malaria mosquitoes depends on a switch activated by a male hormone delivered during sex, which could be a viable strategy for controlling the disease. Blocking this switch may impair the ability of the species to reproduce.
Two new species of green flame moths, Parasa viridiflamma and Parasa minwangi, are discovered from China and Taiwan. The moths have a distinctive green pattern on their wings and feed exclusively on pine trees, showcasing conifer-feeding behavior in the Limacodidae family.
Researchers have developed a new method to extract energy from bacteria, which can convert carbon dioxide in seawater into fuel and electricity. This process involves the use of electrode reactions catalyzed by microorganisms, resulting in highly efficient energy production.
A new headpiece design could improve a depression treatment by allowing researchers to hit finer targets in the brain, up to twice as deep as today's systems. The system uses computer simulations and metamaterials to reduce pain and increase effectiveness.