Researchers have identified a new way to determine precisely what portions of the brain suffer from epilepsy, improving surgical outcome accuracy and efficiency. Using intracranial electroencephalography, they found that patients' preoperative functional neural connectivity was strongly associated with successful surgery outcomes.
A study by University of Manchester scientists found that less than 7% of cervical cancer patients in Kenya receive optimal treatment, leading to high mortality rates. The researchers are now seeking funding to implement simple changes in hospital procedures to improve cancer treatment in the country.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara's SSLEC discovered simple guidelines to optimize phosphors in white LED lighting, yielding brighter and more efficient lights. The breakthrough paves the way for high-efficiency solid-state lighting with potential to replace lower-efficiency incandescent and fluorescent bulbs.
A new PLOS Collection delves into the complex evolutionary cascade theory that made sauropod dinosaurs' gigantism possible. Researchers investigate factors contributing to their unique body size, including mobility, posture, and nutrition.
Research at Georgia State University reveals that infant pain can permanently alter future responses to anxiety, stress, and pain. The study found site-specific changes in brain receptors that affect behavioral sensitivity to stressful situations.
A recent study published in Optometry and Vision Science highlights the alarming increase in myopia incidence, primarily influenced by environmental factors. Multifocal contact lenses have shown promise in reducing myopia progression in children, with results persisting through at least two years.
Researchers found that hospital patients were exposed to low levels of light, leading to poor sleep and increased fatigue. The study suggests that altering lighting patterns to mimic natural daylight could improve patient outcomes.
The winners of the 2013 Semantic Web Challenge have successfully combined innovative semantic web technology with an end user practical focus and efficiency in use. This year's challenge saw 17 proposals, with four Open Track Challenge winners and one Big Data Track winner selected by a panel of experts.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine suggest epigenetics as a target for cancer therapy. Epigenetic changes mediate the development of cancer progenitor cells, which can grow rapidly to become full-fledged cancer.
Researchers have discovered a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus that causes immune-system cells in the skin to react and produce eczema-like rashes. The finding suggests a specific mechanism behind the link between staph bacteria and eczema, which could lead to new treatments.
A new study suggests upgrading technology and relocating seismic stations in California can improve the warning time, particularly in areas poorly served by the existing network. In Taiwan, a low-cost sensor experiment has created a high-density network that can issue early warnings within 20 seconds of an earthquake detection.
Google Street View scans help identify damage caused by the 2009 L'Aquila quake, distinguishing it from building maintenance issues. Researchers suggest using this tool for future earthquake surveys.
A team of researchers has created a microfluidic device that sorts sperm cells based on their motility and ability to swim through narrow channels. This approach shows promising results in increasing the concentration of highly motile sperm, which could enhance the success of assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization.
The sun emitted its fourth X-class flare since October 23, 2013, peaking at 5:54 p.m. on October 29, 2013. The X2.3 class flare may disrupt radio signals for hours due to its intense radiation.
Researchers from NYU Langone presented new findings on a drug called hydroxychloroquine, which shows promise in preventing recurrent heart disease in at-risk pregnancies. The study identified multiple genetic risk variants for congenital heart block and may lead to new therapies for autoimmune and rheumatic conditions.
A new study by University of Kentucky researchers found that academic institutions face significant barriers to commercializing cancer research innovations. The study suggests that addressing these challenges can boost university-based research commercialization and benefit consumers.
Researchers at the University of Delaware found staggering results in arranging wind turbines to improve performance. Staggering and spacing out turbines can increase efficiency by up to 33 percent, according to a new study published in Geophysical Research Letters.
A historic 9-month fire fueled a surge in tire recycling, reducing toxic waste and producing eco-friendly mulch, fill material, and power sources. Advances in fire monitoring enabled faster blaze prediction and response.
A study found that African-American and Puerto Rican women with low vitamin D levels during pregnancy are at higher risk of preterm birth. Vitamin D deficiency was strongly associated with damage to the placenta, a key factor in preterm births.
Research paper in Cognition journal argues that humans make mistakes due to context dependence, not carelessness, and highlights limitations of brain's ability to follow strict rules and definitions.
A new testing approach can better detect parathyroid hormone imbalances in end-stage kidney disease patients, which are linked to higher mortality rates. The study found that patients with higher levels of non-oxidized parathyroid hormone had a lower risk of death.
Researchers confirm that humpback whales in the southern Gulf of Maine are spending most of their time on the ocean floor, contrary to previous thought. The study revealed three distinct types of bottom-feeding behaviors, including simple side-rolls and seafloor scooping.
Researchers discovered that abnormal citrullination in rheumatoid joints is linked to pore-forming pathways in cell membranes. These pathways, called perforin and complement, are normally used by the immune system to fight pathogens, but their disruption produces enzyme-activating imbalances of calcium ions.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that infant brains activate the same areas used for movement when observing others. This suggests a neurobiological foundation for imitation and cultural learning in young children.
A study found that early stem cell transplants significantly improved remission rates among high-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. However, the treatment did not impact overall survival for this group, except in those with the highest risk of relapse.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have discovered molecular signals that activate latent HIV, offering a potential strategy to purge viral infections and develop a cure. The study suggests using calcineurin, prostratin, and NF-κB proteins to activate the dormant virus.
A study found that older individuals with low thyroid hormone levels, particularly T3, have a higher risk of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease. The research suggests that thyroid hormone levels could be a useful predictor of survival rates in hospitalized elderly patients.
Researchers found a significant association between longer duration of HIV infection and increased risk for atherosclerosis, regardless of antiretroviral therapy. The study suggests that inflammatory imbalance may play a key role in the development of atherosclerosis in HIV patients.
A team of researchers discovered a bacterium that requires rare earths to grow and produce energy from methane. The rare earths are necessary for the enzyme methanol dehydrogenase, which processes the methanol produced in methane decomposition.
A study found that left-handed individuals are more likely to suffer from psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, compared to mood disorders. The research revealed a significant difference in the prevalence of left-handedness among patients with different types of mental disorders.
Researchers at PTB developed a novel approach to improve spectral distribution curves, correcting distortions caused by measuring instruments. The improved method can be applied in various fields of radiometry and photometry, including broadband and narrowband measurements.
Researchers at Indiana University have developed a molecule combining GLP-1 and GIP peptides, which shows improved therapeutic effects in controlling glucose levels and weight loss. The study demonstrates the potential of this combination as an effective treatment for adult-onset diabetes and obesity.
The RIBS V trial found that both drug-eluting balloons and stents provide excellent long-term clinical outcomes for patients with bare metal stent restenosis. Angiographic results showed superior late angiographic results for drug-eluting stents, but low rates of clinical and angiographic recurrences in both groups.
The LEVANT 2 trial presents favorable 6-month data on drug-coated balloon angioplasty for treating femoropopliteal artery disease. Patients treated with a drug-coated balloon experienced higher primary patency rates (92.3%) compared to those receiving standard PTA alone.
A new suture technique is designed to support tissue-engineered collagen grafts in tendon repair, distributing tension away from the injured tendon. The technique allows for weight-bearing as healing progresses, improving outcomes for tendon injuries.
The Pursuit Internet would enable users to obtain information without direct access to servers, making the internet faster, safer, and more controllable. Individual computers would copy and republish content, providing a peer-to-peer approach on an unprecedented scale.
Researchers have discovered that meclizine inhibits mitochondrial respiration, leading to reduced cellular oxygen consumption. This finding opens up new applications for the drug in treating diseases such as heart attack, stroke, and neurological disorders.
The TRYTON trial compared a new bare metal bifurcation stent with standard practice and found it safe, but did not meet the non-inferiority endpoint. The strategy showed improved angiographic outcomes in larger side branches, but more frequent peri-procedural CK-MB elevations.
A Penn State researcher is conducting a study on the effectiveness of a web-based intervention aimed at helping women plan for pregnancy in the future. The tool, recommended by the CDC, helps women determine suitable birth control methods based on their life goals and preferences.
The LUX experiment has excluded some possible candidates for a dark matter particle, providing evidence for its sensitivity and ruling out certain Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) hypotheses. The detection is significant as it shows that the world's best results are being produced by the detector.
A recent study found that S14G-humanin inhibits the toxic effects of amyloid-beta protein on hippocampal neurons, restoring cellular balance. The compound's neuroprotective effect is 1,000-fold stronger than humanin.
New research published in PLOS ONE confirms the presence of tuberculosis from 7,000 years ago in a human skeleton from Hungary. Analysis of ancient DNA and lipids on the bones revealed a bacterial complex associated with tuberculosis.
Aaron Seitz, a University of California, Riverside neuroscientist, has been awarded a $1.7 million NIH grant to explore how different mechanisms of perceptual learning interact and develop better treatment options for individuals with visual defects.
A new recycling process can extract valuable materials from wastewater containing rare earth elements (REEs), which are crucial in modern technologies. The process uses a nanomaterial to capture more than 85% of the REEs, providing a promising solution to address supply shortages and environmental concerns.
Professor Speed has developed tools to help biologists analyze and explain their results, making it possible to look at hundreds of genes in a DNA sequence at once to understand genetic changes involved in complicated diseases. He is also working on determining the genetic traits that make normal and cancerous cells different.
A study led by TGen found that reduced SMG1 expression may contribute to alpha-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease and dementia. The researchers identified SMG1 as a regulator of alpha-synuclein aggregation, suggesting potential new therapeutic targets for treatment.
A new study by sociologists at Rice University and the University of Pennsylvania found that divorced individuals are more than twice as likely to die from preventable causes such as fire, poisoning, and smoke inhalation. Single people and those with low educational attainment also face a higher risk of accidental death.
Researchers at University of Copenhagen have developed a substance that kills multi-resistant bacteria quickly and effectively, employing a multifunctional mechanism. The findings demonstrate the potential for HDM-4 to combat bacterial infections, strengthening the human immune response.
The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment has reported promising results, validating its design and performance. The detector is now beginning a process to uncover the exact identity of the dark matter particle.
The LUX experiment has proven to be the most sensitive dark matter detector in the world, detecting rare interactions between dark matter particles and ordinary matter. With its highly sensitive detection capabilities, LUX is blazing a path to illuminate the nature of dark matter and pin down the correct models.
Over 15 million children are exposed to intimate partner violence annually, with significant health consequences. Healthcare providers can mitigate this impact by screening for IPV and collaborating with community programs.
Loyola researchers found that zoledronic acid's kidney failure and calcium deficiency risks are extremely rare. The study of 237 patients showed a slight decline in calcium levels after the first infusion, but this effect is transient and only significant for those with normal vitamin D levels.
A new pocket manual for first aid teams will help improve heart attack survival rates across Europe by providing quick access to treatment protocols. The toolkit, developed by the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association, is small and easy-to-use, with illustrations showing exactly what needs to be done for patients in an emergency.
Researchers found greater BOLD activation in brain areas typically activated by MS patients during task performance when exposed to warmer temperatures. This suggests neural inefficiency and may impact independence, education, employment, and daily activities.
Researchers at Aalto University found that current models for forecasting scientist's future contributions are unreliable and can grossly overestimate their predictability. The study analyzed 762 scientists from three disciplines and identified subtle flaws in current models, including false autocorrelation and varying predictive power...
A Northwestern University research team has developed a drug that silences a critical gene in glioblastoma, increasing survival rates by nearly 20% and reducing tumor size. The novel therapeutic uses nanotechnology to target the gene, which plays a key role in therapy resistance.
The study found metabolic abnormalities in hippocampal and thalamic neurons of rats with the Egr3 gene transfection, which may be useful for early diagnosis and pathogenesis of schizophrenia. These findings provide imaging evidence that could aid in understanding the disease.
A recent study published in The Endocrine Society's journal refutes the long-held belief that a protein is necessary for producing steroid hormones like testosterone. Researchers found that male mice with a specific protein deficiency produced normal levels of testosterone, challenging the existing scientific understanding.
Researchers have achieved a quadruple intensity increase in terahertz quantum cascade laser, producing one watt of radiation. The new design uses two symmetrical lasers joined together, increasing the number of emitted photons and efficiency.
Kepler-78b is the first known Earth-sized planet with an Earth-like density, posing a challenge to theorists due to its extremely tight orbit. The planet's mass measurement confirms it as the poster child for a new class of small, hot planets.