A study published in Neuron has identified a small protein, Endothelin-1, that can be targeted to promote repair of damaged brain tissue in multiple sclerosis patients. The molecule inhibits myelin repair, and blocking it or using genetic approaches may help restore myelin in the brain.
The TRMM satellite measured intense feeder bands producing the heaviest rain near La Reunion and Mauritius Islands, dropping 175mm/hour at a rate of over 6.9 inches.
A genetic variation near an area that encodes for interferon-lamda3 (IFNL3) is responsible for the differences between those who can and cannot effectively clear HCV. Individuals with a favorable IFNL3 genotype have a better outcome in fighting HCV.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed tiny, degradable 'medicine factories' inside the body that can produce specific medicines in response to specific enzymes. The technology, funded by a €2 million ERC grant, has the potential to revolutionize pain relief and cancer treatment.
The UCLA research team aims to restore patients' independence by returning their ability to type on a keyboard, open doors and transfer themselves between their bed and wheelchair. The most promising therapy uses electrical impulses to stimulate dormant pathways within the spinal cord.
WASP offers sub arc-second accuracy and stability, enabling planetary scientists to study Jupiter and other celestial bodies. The device allows for flexible, standardized support of multiple science payloads, freeing researchers to focus on instrument development.
Recent publication in the European Heart Journal questioned the use of beta blockers in perioperative care, sparking debate. A new editorial addresses these concerns, highlighting the importance of dosing and starting time of betablockade before surgery on outcome.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that mesopelagic fish have a stock estimated at 10,000 million tons, surpassing previous estimates of 1,000 million tons. This discovery has significant implications for the understanding of carbon fluxes in the ocean and the operation of ocean deserts.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have identified the paraventricular nucleus as a key player in regulating hunger. By mapping neural circuits and manipulating upstream neurons, the team discovered that this brain region communicates with AgRP neurons to drive intense motivation for food.
The MARSOL project aims to address water shortage in the Mediterranean region by storing excess water in aquifers, reducing crop losses and mitigating droughts. Eight field sites across Greece, Portugal, Spain, Malta, Italy, and Israel are being studied for their specific approaches to water storage.
A new study using genetic signals has strengthened the case for high triglyceride levels as a cause of heart disease. The findings also suggest that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol does not have a protective effect on cardiovascular health, contradicting conventional wisdom.
A Spanish study reveals that hard drug users have a mortality rate significantly higher than the general population. The fatality rate among heroin and cocaine consumers is 14.3 times higher, while among those only using cocaine, it is 5.1 times higher.
A new analysis of data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study reveals that anxiety is the biggest factor affecting thinking skills in midlife women with HIV. Mental processing speed and verbal memory were more closely linked to depression, anxiety, and hot flashes in both HIV-infected and healthy women.
Researchers at VIB and UGent have discovered a potential novel treatment for sepsis by neutralizing two harmful cytokines in the blood circulation. This approach may benefit from existing anti-cytokine treatments already in clinical use, offering renewed hope for combating this life-threatening disease.
Researchers at the Spanish National Research Centre for Human Evolution have clarified that the sediment of Gran Dolina, where the first remains of Homo antecessor were discovered, is 900,000 years old. This finding has led to major advancements in our knowledge of human evolution and occupation of Eurasia.
A new study found that counties where Wal-Mart built stores experienced a less significant drop in crime rates compared to other counties. The study, which analyzed data from over 3,000 US counties, suggests that the retailer's presence may even contribute to higher crime rates in areas with existing social issues.
Researchers analyzed predator-prey interactions among carnivorous mammals and birds of prey to explain the evolution of antipredator traits. They found that noxious spraying is favored by nocturnal animals, while sociality is favored by diurnal species.
A study analyzing patient telephone records at an IBD clinic found that frequent callers are more likely to be hospitalized or enter the emergency room. The analysis identified patterns of phone calls as a predictor of future medical interventions.
The fourteenth tropical cyclone of the Southern Indian Ocean season was identified by NASA's Terra satellite on February 7. Cloud top temperatures indicating strong convection and powerful thunderstorms were observed north of the center of circulation. The cyclone is expected to intensify before turning southwest and weakening.
Researchers have developed a new method to rank disease-causal mutations within whole genome sequences, providing a more comprehensive approach to identifying genetic variants linked to disease. The Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion (CADD) method assigns scores to mutations across the entire genome, not just protein-coding regions.
A new study published in the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery finds that diaphragm pacing stimulation is effective in weaning patients with spinal cord injuries from mechanical ventilators. The treatment can also bridge patients to independent respiration, allowing them to breathe on their own without assistance.
Researchers have successfully imaged the critical transition of proteins passing through a transit pore in cell membranes. The study reveals a side-door within the channel that opens to allow proteins to diffuse into the membrane, and provides new insights into protein function and dynamics.
A panel of 35 genetically characterized DNA samples is now publicly available to help standardize Rett syndrome testing and improve diagnostic accuracy. The collection contains a wide variety of MECP2 mutations associated with most cases of the disorder.
Researchers developed a procedure for comparing different crowd models and evaluating their accuracy using real-world data. A bottom-up model focused on individual behavior was found to best match real-world evacuation data, providing insights into safety planning and crowd dynamics.
Researchers at NIST have developed a way to measure and classify the shapes cells take in different environments. By analyzing these shapes, they can compare and differentiate various scaffolds used in tissue engineering, enabling more effective cell growth and development into viable tissues.
Researchers found significant disparity in US emergency department (ED) adoption of contact precautions policies, with only specific organisms prompting measures, not symptoms. The study highlights the need for EDs to implement standardized policies to protect patients and staff.
Biologists discovered a new plant species, Piper kelleyi, that is home to an estimated 40-50 insect species, most of which are entirely dependent on the plant for survival. The study highlights the importance of unique plant compounds in driving evolution and biodiversity.
A recent study in Nature finds that the Arctic tundra during the last ice age was teeming with colorful wildflowers, providing sustenance for giant grazing animals like woolly mammoths. The research, led by Kansas State University's Joseph Craine, challenges conventional views of the region's vegetation history.
Anderson's work on powder metallurgy and rapid solidification has led to the development of innovative materials, including rare earth compounds, magnetic materials, and lightweight porous materials. He is recognized for his ability to address both scientific and technical challenges and bring new materials to commercial use.
A phase II clinical trial found creatine safe and well-tolerated by most participants, with neuroimaging showing a treatment-associated slowing of regional brain atrophy. The study also enrolled participants without knowing their genetic status, allowing them to participate while respecting their autonomy.
Researchers used computer models to study the melanopsin pigment in the eye, finding it may be more sensitive to light than its counterpart rhodopsin. The study could lead to new technologies and a better understanding of diseases like seasonal affecting disorders.
Researchers found a new application of physics tools in understanding epigenetic memory, which is how organisms create a biological memory of certain conditions. The study highlights the interdisciplinary nature of modern molecular biology and shows how mathematical models can help clarify complex biological problems.
Researchers have discovered that ocean mesopelagic fish biomass is at least 10 times higher than estimated, with significant implications for the planet's biogeochemical cycles. These deep-sea fish play a crucial role in transporting CO2 to the ocean floor and increasing oxygen consumption.
Researchers have discovered that the oldest land predator, Dimetrodon, had 'steak-knife' teeth with serrated edges, allowing it to efficiently eat large prey. The study suggests a gradual change in feeding habits over 25 million years of evolution.
African-Americans are 39 times more likely to die from a stroke after an infection compared to other ethnic groups. Infection promotes blood clot formation and fat buildup in arteries, contributing to higher stroke mortality rates among blacks.
Researchers from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute have found GMO soybean pollen in six honey samples from Mexico, sparking concerns over its impact on honey exports. The presence of GMO pollen could lead to significant price cuts or rejection of honey products under European regulations.
A study published in Neurology found that women who survived a stroke had a lower quality of life compared to men. At three months post-stroke, women were more likely to report problems with mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, with these differences diminishing at one year.
The UC Riverside lab, led by Professor Zhenbiao Yang, received an honorable mention for their short movie 'Visualizing Leaf Cells from Within' in the International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. The challenge, sponsored by NSF and Science magazine, selected the top winners from 227 submissions across 12 countries.