The PRESERVE study aims to determine the safety and effectiveness of IVC filters in preventing pulmonary embolism. It will enroll 2,100 patients at over 60 centers across the US and assess patient outcomes every six months for up to two years.
Researchers at KU Leuven discovered that HIV's integration site determines disease progression. The team found that manipulating the integration site can lead to faster disease progression in some cases, but also opens up possibilities for developing new therapies by targeting safer regions of host DNA.
Researchers at the University of Basel have created a helical molecule with unique properties, where one strand winds around a central axis like a staircase banister. This 'twisted world' enables dynamic changes in chirality, opening up new possibilities for basic research and industrial applications.
A new study found that people are contaminated with several toxic flame retardants, including TCEP, a carcinogen linked to cancer and reproductive harm. The study identifies biomarkers for detection in urine samples, opening up research into the group of chemicals.
Research on giant otters reveals a wide range of unique vocalizations used for communication. With 22 adult vocalization types and 11 neonate vocalization types, the study suggests an intricate relationship between vocalizations and social behavior.
A new care bundle implemented in four UK hospitals has achieved a significant reduction in the number of deaths following emergency abdominal surgery. The bundle, which includes five key elements, resulted in a 38% decrease in death rate from 16% to 10%.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that nearly a quarter of patients who underwent initial breast conservation surgery had a subsequent surgical intervention. The study, which included over 316,000 patients, identified patient and tumor factors associated with repeat surgeries.
Researchers are experimenting with smart spaces that track users' gestures and separate shadows from light, enabling a continuous flow of data wirelessly. The integrated visible light communication project aims to bridge the gap in VLC's practical systems and networking problems.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute found that moving forward trains the brain to perceive the world normally and calibrates time perception. The study's findings have implications for treating sensory processing disorders like autism and could lead to retraining the brain after stroke or other conditions.
A new study found that moderate consumption of high-fructose and high-glucose beverages has little impact on the metabolic health of weight-stable, physically active adolescents. The researchers suggest that physical activity can help mitigate some of the negative effects of drinking sugary drinks.
A study of over 43,000 children with head trauma found that falls were the most common cause of head injuries in children under 12, while assaults, sports, and car crashes were more prevalent in teenagers. The findings suggest that CT scans may be overused during diagnosis, and could help policy makers develop injury-prevention measures.
Researchers have developed an optical oscilloscope with 20 times the resolution of conventional electronics, enabling low-power, high-speed processing on compact chips. The technology is made possible by a collaboration between industry partners Alnair Labs Corporation and Australian academia.
Rice University researchers have developed PhyloNet, an open-source software package that models more detailed evolutionary networks from genetic data. The software uses a maximum likelihood method to infer network models that better describe the evolution of certain groups of species than traditional tree models.
Research reveals genetic differences between catsharks in the Mediterranean and North East Atlantic, suggesting they may be more vulnerable to over-fishing. The study's findings also highlight sex-specific migration patterns among catshark populations.
Researchers have identified new properties in microbes causing conjunctivitis, enabling the bacterium to stick to and damage the eye surface. The discovery may lead to the development of a new vaccine to prevent this infection.
Researchers have confirmed a critical brain reward pathway involving glutamate, linking it to the activation of the dopamine system. This discovery sheds light on the neurobiology of drug addiction and opens new avenues for research into motivation disorders.
A study at Massachusetts General Hospital identified nitric oxide's impact on SIRT1 protein, which regulates inflammation in various aging-related disorders. Blocking nitric oxide effects may disrupt this inflammatory process and prevent conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.
The FDA has approved dozens of nanodrugs without a formal definition, leading to case-by-case examination and nonbinding guidance. This complexity hinders the development of generic nanodrugs, potentially delaying price savings for patients.
Researchers developed an algorithm that enables tracking of people across moving and still cameras by learning the differences between camera views. The technology has applications in security, surveillance, and marketing, but raises concerns about privacy.
The UK's National Physical Laboratory and the University of Manchester are collaborating to speed up the application of graphene, accelerating its commercialization through accurate metrology and characterisation. This partnership aims to establish a Joint Centre of Excellence and make the UK a leading authority on graphene standards.
A new study led by Dartmouth researcher Jodi Brandt shows that China's conservation efforts have displaced ancient community-managed protections, accelerating old-growth logging. Total forest cover increased, but biodiversity value decreased as scrub and secondary forests dominated the landscape.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine are evaluating the advantages of physical exercise, cognitive exercise, or a combination of both on the aging brain. The five-year project aims to enhance cognitive abilities in older adults with mild memory loss and may lead to a delay in dementia onset.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering have developed a mathematical model that can predict aspects of animal behavior using stock market models. This new model allows for more efficient experimentation and improved data analysis, enabling researchers to replace some experiments with computer modeling.
Researchers developed a genetic test to identify men at highest risk of prostate cancer recurrence after localized treatment. The test analyzes biopsy tissue and tumor oxygen content to predict disease return with 80% accuracy, enabling personalized treatment plans.
Researchers have developed a new method using virtual reality to improve self-compassion in individuals, particularly those with high levels of self-criticism. The study found that women who experienced a first-person perspective through the eyes of a virtual child showed increased feelings of contentment and reduced self-criticism.
A new study shows that adopting healthier traditional Mediterranean, pescatarian, or vegetarian diets could boost human lifespan and quality of life while slashing greenhouse gas emissions and saving habitat for endangered species. The research predicts that this dietary shift would prevent massive environmental damage, increase global...
A new paper reveals that global dietary trends are diminishing human health and harming the environment. Alternative diets offer substantial health benefits and could reduce greenhouse gas emissions, land clearing, and species extinctions.
A University of Utah study found that men with better spatial skills traveled farther and had more children with multiple women. The researchers tested members of two African tribes and discovered a link between spatial ability, navigation, and reproductive success.
A study of 582 films over 30 years reveals that entertainment can be more important than a simple diversion, providing audiences with ways to grapple with life's questions. Serious movies may not sell as well as action flicks at the box office, but they are still deeply appreciated and memorable.
Exposure to tobacco smoke and near-roadway air pollution contributes to childhood obesity development. The study found increased weight gain in children exposed to both air pollutants compared to those with no exposure.
A study of ants in Manhattan revealed a wide range of species and significant differences in biodiversity across various urban areas. Researchers found that the type of urban habitat was more important than proximity between habitats in determining ant diversity.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that taking vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements may not reduce the risk of memory and thinking problems. The study involved 2,919 people with high blood levels of homocysteine and found no significant difference between those who took supplements and those who did not.
Research reveals bilingual speakers' brains better filter out competing language words, enhancing inhibitory control. This constant brain exercise can have benefits in everyday life and may even offer protection against Alzheimer's and dementia.
A recent study using supercomputers has improved the accuracy of global climate models, reproducing intense storms like hurricanes and cyclones. High-resolution models provide a more realistic simulation of local weather patterns, especially in mountainous regions.
Researchers have found that using ethanol instead of methanol in biodiesel production increases the speed of reaction, allowing for greater reactor capacity. Heterogeneous catalysts are used to overcome the separation challenges associated with homogeneous catalysts.
Researchers analyzed fracking fluid samples from five states and found that surfactant chemicals were commonly found in everyday products, including toothpaste and laxatives. The study's results suggest that the toxicity of these chemicals may not be as high as previously thought.
A study published in Optometry and Vision Science found that preschoolers' ability to change focus is lower than subjective tests suggest. The test results showed a significant difference between the objective and subjective measures of accommodation amplitude in young children, with the former being about half of the latter.
Researchers at ETH Zurich create an artificial graphene system that breaks time-reversal symmetry using laser beams and ultracold atoms. This setup enables the testing of the topological Haldane model, a concept first proposed in 1988, and paves the way for new electronic applications.
A low-cost electronic tongue has been developed to detect various substances in samples, including food, water, and blood, enabling accurate quality checks and monitoring for pollutants. The device's precision and affordability make it suitable for applications in medical diagnostics, pharmaceutical testing, and environmental monitoring.
Researchers have developed microneedles that can deliver drugs to specific areas within the eye, targeting two major diseases: glaucoma and corneal neovascularization. The treatment has shown promising results in reducing intraocular pressure and halting unwanted blood vessel growth.
Scientists have identified new therapeutic targets for memory disorders and developed a high-throughput screening test to uncover compounds that may treat these conditions. The study reveals the importance of kinesin proteins in regulating synaptic function and identifies potential drug candidates.
Researchers from UC San Francisco discovered a protein called PDGFD that is made in growing human brains but not in mice, driving brain cell growth. The protein's presence may have played an evolutionary role in the huge increase in cortical size in mammals leading to humans.
Researchers found that successful language learners had more connected brain networks than less successful participants, both before and after learning. This suggests that learning a second language can lead to structural and functional changes in the brain.
A new study by RAND Corporation found that most community-based mental health providers lack the necessary training to address the specific needs of military veterans. The survey of 522 mental health providers revealed that only 13% met criteria for cultural competency and delivering evidence-based care.
A new review reveals significant knowledge gaps about preterm birth, its causes, and prevention strategies, emphasizing the need for increased research efforts. The authors stress that identifying women at risk and developing effective interventions are crucial to addressing this global epidemic.
A study finds that elderly Americans with low health literacy are less likely to use the internet for health information. Interventions targeting health literacy among older adults may help bridge the digital divide.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Edinburgh estimates that more than 20 million Nigerians have hypertension, affecting one-third of men and one-fourth of women. The number of cases is projected to rise to 39 million by 2030, straining Nigeria's already-overburdened health system.
Dwarf mongooses show real-time behavioral plasticity in response to threat indicators, altering their behavior based on environmental conditions and social signals. This flexible decision-making allows them to optimize foraging time versus vigilance, ensuring survival in a vulnerable predator-rich environment.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a kindergarten program focused on executive functions improved academic learning and reduced achievement gaps. The program, Tools of the Mind, was shown to enhance working memory, attention control, and socio-dramatic play skills, leading to better reading and vocabulary results in first grade.
Dr. Peter Barrance will study the effects of in-shoe orthoses on individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee using weight-bearing MRI technology. The goal is to refine footwear modifications and reduce pain and mobility limitations associated with knee osteoarthritis.
University of Miami researchers create a new model combining human and machine efforts to solve complex tasks, improving accuracy in face recognition. The crowdsourced approach leverages the power of social networks and smartphones to facilitate efficient analysis.
Researchers found that a genetic tweak in yellow fever mosquitoes makes them more sensitive to human odor, particularly sulcatone, allowing them to target humans. This discovery provides insight into the evolution of mosquito behavior and could help develop new ways to prevent their bites.
A nationwide study of over 43,000 children with head trauma provides valuable data on epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments. The study found that falls were the leading cause of injury in young children, while older kids more often suffered head injuries due to assaults or motor-vehicle crashes.
The $2.5 million grant will support the establishment of the ACRF Breakthrough Technologies Laboratory, enabling research into common and deadly cancers. The laboratory will utilize CRISPR-Cas9 technology to modify specific genes in cancer cells, providing insights into cancer development and treatment resistance.
A genetic variant associated with better memory performance was found in a large analysis of genomic data and memory test results from over 14,000 older adults. The researchers discovered that the gene FASTKD2 has not been linked to cognition before, but the G nucleotide variant showed a correlation with improved episodic memory.
A collaboration between St. Jude Children's Research Hospital-Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project and Institut Curie-Inserm identified frequent mutations in genes STAG2 and TP53 that define a subtype of Ewing sarcoma associated with reduced survival. The study provides critical insights into the genetic changes that d...
A new study suggests that big data predictive analytics can identify high-risk US Army soldiers prior to hospital discharge, highlighting a targeted approach for suicide prevention. The analysis of 53,769 soldiers revealed that 5% of hospitalized individuals accounted for 52.9% of post-hospital suicides.
New research from the University of Leeds shows that adding vegetable puree to milk during weaning can significantly increase infants' vegetable intake. The study found that babies who consumed milk with added puree ate nearly half as many vegetables as those who only had plain milk.
Scientists uncover that newborn mice's ear rapidly regenerates lost supporting cells, preserving hearing. This discovery reveals a previously unknown ability and opens doors for finding new approaches to regenerate auditory cells and restore hearing in humans.
Researchers at UCSB's Martinis Lab successfully demonstrated a quantum version of Gauss's law using superconducting qubits. The team achieved full control over a two-qubit system, enabling precise measurement of local curvature through movement, showcasing the power of arbitrary control in quantum simulation.