Scientists developed a deeper understanding of ideal mesoporous nanoparticle design to maximize catalytic output. They modeled molecular movement within narrow channels and found that the optimal channel diameter balances pore size with reactant and product passage.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that hospital acquisitions and consolidations increase patient costs in California. The study analyzed data from four years and found that per-patient expenditures were higher for physician groups in multi-hospital systems compared to those owned by physicians.
Researchers at MIT and Saudi Arabia have developed a method to remove salt from produced water using electrodialysis, which can be economically viable for treating extremely high-salinity water. The technology could reduce the need for fresh water from other sources and minimize contaminated water disposal.
A new study found that hospitals converting to for-profit status improve their financial health but do not lower the quality of care they provide or reduce their service to poor or minority patients. The researchers assessed 4,571 hospitals over an eight-year period and found no noticeable change in patient outcomes or access to care.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a protein called urokinase-type plasminogen activator or uPA that helps brain cells recover from injuries induced by loss of blood flow. The study found that treating mice with uPA after an experimental stroke can improve their recovery of motor function.
A study published in Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found a strong link between early-life exposure to peanut protein in household dust and peanut allergy in children genetically predisposed to a skin barrier defect. Exposure to peanut protein was associated with a three-fold increase in risk of school-age peanut allergy.
Middle-aged adults with depression tend to evaluate their past and current lives negatively, yet they also believe in a brighter future. Research suggests that this optimistic belief may not lead to better outcomes for these individuals.
A new study suggests that personalized nutrition plans based on an individual's genotype could significantly reduce the risk of obesity, heart disease, and Type II diabetes. However, concerns over personal data protection are hindering widespread adoption of nutrigenomics, a relatively new branch of nutrition.
A recent study published by the American Society of Nephrology found that binge drinking in young men is associated with an increased likelihood of developing high blood pressure. In contrast, low to moderate alcohol use in early adulthood is linked to a reduced risk of hypertension in females.
The HP Apollo 8000 platform uses warm water to cool its servers, reusing it to heat the building, reducing energy consumption by 74% and saving $1 million annually. The system's liquid cooling approach provides high computational density in a small space, setting a new standard for energy-efficient data centers.
Researchers at NC State University have made significant advancements in the genome editing technique CRISPR-Cas, identifying key molecular elements that drive its activity. The study sheds light on how guide RNAs interact with the Cas9 endonuclease, enabling more precise genetic modifications.
A new preservation technique, sequential subnormothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (SNEVLP), has been shown to prevent ischemic type biliary stricture following liver transplantation using grafts from donations after cardiac death (DCD). SNEVLP reduces bile duct and endothelial cell injury post-transplantation compared to cold storage.
A UC San Francisco research team found that a specific microRNA, miR-30a-5p, plays a central role in the development of alcohol addiction by lowering levels of protective protein BDNF. Increasing miR-30a-5p levels in the brain region mPFC reduced BDNF and led to excessive drinking behavior.
A study published in JAMA found that hospital-owned physician organizations in California incurred significantly higher expenditures for patients compared to physician-owned or multihospital system-owned organizations. On average, hospital-owned organizations had $4,312 per patient, while physician-owned organizations averaged $3,066.
Researchers found that dietary iron plays a crucial role in regulating the liver's circadian clock, which can disrupt blood glucose levels. Eating high-iron foods at night may exacerbate this issue for shift workers, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. More research is needed to determine optimal iron intake for shift workers.
A study by Ohio State University found that playing violent video games in 3D leads to higher anger levels compared to traditional 2D systems. Immersion in the game environment is a key factor contributing to this increased anger.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute identified a new viral mutation that may explain why middle-aged adults were disproportionately affected by the H1N1 virus in 2013-2014. The study suggests that updating seasonal influenza vaccines with new viral strains could be crucial to protect this population.
University of Oregon chemists use special microscope to visualize traps that disrupt energy flow in carbon nanotubes. The study provides a detailed view of internal structures of electronic waves trapped by external electrostatic charges.
Research shows that people associate specific facial traits with personality traits, leading to biased decisions. Studies have found that faces associated with competence, dominance, and friendliness influence social outcomes, such as election results and military rank attainment.
Researchers at the University of Maryland's Supply Chain Management Center have developed a user-ready online portal to help companies sense and respond to cyber supply chain risks. The portal combines cybersecurity, enterprise risk management, and supply chain management to provide benchmarking and anonymous industry peer comparison.
Scientists from Queen's University Belfast have made a groundbreaking discovery in attosecond science, tracking ultra-fast electron movement within a nanometer-sized molecule. This research has implications for understanding how radiotherapy kills cancer cells and improving solar cells.
NASA's Aqua satellite detects snow on ground in Nepal and southwestern China as Cyclone Hudhud moves over the region. The MODIS instrument captured the image of snow on October 16, revealing the unusual weather phenomenon.
A new approach to disease outbreak management proposes using real-time information to adapt interventions, potentially saving up to £20 million in livestock losses. This flexible approach aims to improve outcomes by incorporating scientific discovery with policy making.
Researchers compared three X-ray phase tomography methods to determine which perform best for various conditions. The study found that holotomography and single-distance phase reconstruction outperform X-ray grating interferometry in terms of spatial resolution and contrast-to-noise ratios.
Researchers identified 149 metabolites with altered concentrations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer compared to those at risk but without the disease. The study suggests a potential diagnostic biomarker for early lung cancer detection.
A new study by the Institute of Food Technologists found that red tomatoes with firm texture, medium size, and high juice content are preferred. Consumers also value factors like familiarity with manufacturers, taste, price, and perceived health benefits.
A new study found that US osteoporosis screening guidelines failed to identify the majority of younger post-menopausal women who experienced major fractures. The guidelines recommended testing and treatment for women aged 65+, but only predicted fractures in around 25% of those aged 50-64.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new software that estimates the range of electric vehicles by analyzing traffic data, weather, road grade and other variables. The tool uses a predictive, big-data approach to reduce range estimation error to a couple of miles and achieve 95% accuracy in some case studies.
The POLARBEAR collaboration has made the most sensitive measurements yet of the cosmic microwave background's polarization, revealing telling twists called B-modes that indicate cosmic history imprints. These findings suggest a new regime in precision cosmology, paving the way for solving mysteries about matter and energy at the Big Bang.
Phytoplankton, tiny photosynthetic organisms, play a crucial role in regulating the Earth's carbon content. A new study reveals that viruses can rapidly wipe out blooms, fixing large amounts of organic carbon in the process.
A study by Sam Houston State University's Crime Victims' Institute found that Texas campus police often fail to respond effectively to stalking cases due to victim fears and lack of policies. The report calls for improved strategies and partnerships between law enforcement and colleges to better support victims.
A model describes how a person's size determines their carrying capacity, not just body weight. The study reveals that smaller individuals can comfortably carry more pack weight than expected.
Researchers found that once CD8 T cells fight one pathogen, they join the body's innate immune system, ready to respond to a wide variety of infections. This discovery suggests that adaptive CD8 T cells can contribute to innate immunity and may have important implications for vaccine design.
A new study found that smoking status significantly influences neurocognitive recovery in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals. Active-smoking ALC showed poorer recovery than never-smoking ALC on measures of learning and processing speed, while former-smoking ALC recovered less than never-smoking ALC on processing speed meas...
Scientists analyzed DNA from ancient European skulls and found that they were intolerant to lactose for 5,000 years after adopting agriculture. Major technological transitions in Central Europe were associated with changes in genetics of these populations.
Researchers discovered that certain peptides undergo a triplet state when exposed to UV light, leading to greater damage than fragmentation. This finding may help develop better UV protection mechanisms.
A recent study found that nearly two-thirds of FDA-recalled dietary supplements still contain banned substances months after being taken off the market. The study analyzed 27 supplements and found that 66.7% contained at least one pharmaceutical adulterant.
A recent study found that searching health service pricing websites before receiving care resulted in lower claim payments for clinical services such as laboratory tests and advanced imaging. The study included medical claims from 2010-2013 of over 502,000 patients who used a price transparency platform to find prices.
Researchers have linked age-related loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) to higher mortality and cancer rates in men. LOY was found to decrease men's lifespan by an average of 5.5 years, and increase their risk of dying from cancer.
A large-scale study published in CHEST shows a striking decrease in mortality rates for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from 46.8% in 1996 to 32.2% in 2011, with an 8.9% absolute reduction between 2000-2005. Advances in critical care medicine are seen as the primary cause of this decline.
A new study published in CHEST journal found that CPAP compliance does not impair sexual quality of life in patients with sleep apnea. The research surveyed 52 patients on CPAP and found no significant difference between compliant and non-compliant groups.
A study found that bar attendance is strongly linked to higher drinking among US border youth, while liberal social cognitions were not a significant factor. Researchers suggest that policy initiatives targeting bars and controlling access to alcohol could help reduce elevated drinking in the region.
A new study has shown that even the lightest fingertip touch can significantly reduce sway in people with balance issues. The research, led by the University of Birmingham, found that this phenomenon is due to a sensory weighting mechanism that combines individual sensory feedback and motion cues from a partner.
New research finds that rainfall patterns, not just amount, influence landslide risk. Scientists developed a model to predict landslides based on rainfall variability. Changing winds in Antarctica are also causing coastal glaciers to melt at an accelerated rate.
A study published in eLife has found that favipiravir is effective at lowering norovirus levels in the body, which may help reduce disease severity and prevent onward transmission. The experimental drug works by causing the virus to self-destruct through a process called lethal mutagenesis.
A novel methodology for investigation using modern mass spectrometry has been developed to investigate tumour-promoting activities of breast fibroblasts. This allows for the direct determination of undesirable cell activities in cancer-associated fibroblasts, which may promote tumour growth.
Researchers found that only five factors can distinguish individuals who commit homicide from those who don't, including lower IQs and higher exposure to violence. The study aims to dispel myths about homicide perpetrators being psychopaths or drug addicts with severe mental illness.
A new study at Southern Methodist University is testing whether students can learn algebra by authoring their own stories based on their personal interests. The research aims to improve long-term understanding of algebraic ideas and make math more accessible and captivating for students.
A study of 237 converting hospitals found that for-profit status improved financial margins, but no association was found with changes in care quality or patient outcomes. The findings suggest that regulators and policymakers should consider the potential benefits of for-profit conversions primarily on financial health.
Research suggests that physical exercise preserves beta cell function, reducing complications and improving blood sugar control. However, large-scale trials are necessary to confirm the benefits of exercise in slowing the onset of type 1 diabetes in children and adults.
A new UK study has found that teenage self-harm is associated with a higher risk of developing mental health and substance misuse problems as adults. The research, which analyzed data from over 4,700 adolescents, reveals that even non-suicidal self-harm can increase the likelihood of depression, anxiety, and other issues.
Scientists have developed a novel probe that uses tarantula venom to visualize electrical activity in neurons and other cells. This breakthrough could help researchers better understand ion channel dysfunctions leading to conditions such as epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmias.
A study published in Anales de Psicología found that individuals with a higher vocabulary level had a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment. The research team measured vocabulary levels, years of schooling, and other factors in 326 subjects over 50 to explore the relationship between vocabulary and cognitive reserve.
The Rutgers technology uses rare earth nanocrystals and infrared light to reveal small cancerous tumors and cardiovascular lesions, allowing for earlier detection and potentially reducing treatment costs.
A new animal study found that a walnut-enriched diet improved learning skills, memory, and reduced anxiety in mice. The researchers suggest that walnuts' high antioxidant content may protect the brain from degeneration typical of Alzheimer's disease.
The Weizmann Institute of Science has developed a novel, highly active interferon variant called YNSalpha8. PASylation technology extended its half-life in the body, resulting in improved protection from disease progression in a mouse model of human multiple sclerosis.
A study by University of New Hampshire researchers found that 14% of school-age children were physically assaulted at school, while 48% experienced some form of victimization. The survey revealed high rates of intimidation and bullying, emphasizing the need for effective violence prevention programs.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that massive black holes can block the formation of new stars in mature galaxies. The study suggests that these jets of radio-frequency feedback streaming from central black holes prevent hot gas from cooling and collapsing into baby stars.
A novel procedure using MRI and catheterization techniques eliminated bronchial casts causing respiratory distress in a child with heart disease. The treatment offers new hope for patients with plastic bronchitis, a rare but often fatal complication of pediatric surgery.
Researchers at Temple University Health System found that patients with non-cardiac chest pain experienced improved pain tolerance and reduced symptoms when treated with dronabinol. The study suggests a potential new approach for treating this condition, which affects an estimated 200,000 Americans annually.