A new technique using bioimpedance measurement reduces image degradation caused by respiratory motion during PET scans, enabling more accurate detection of cancers and heart conditions. This improved imaging quality can lead to better diagnosis reliability and treatment response monitoring.
A recent study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that 93% of splints used on children were applied incorrectly, causing skin irritation and poor healing. The most common errors included direct application of elastic bandages to the skin and improper positioning of the splint.
Researchers estimate that vaccinating babies against meningitis B disease could reduce cases by 26% in the first five years. The maximum reduction would be achieved by combining infant vaccination with an adolescent vaccination at 13-years-old.
Researchers found that blocking STAT3 increases killing activity against melanoma and leukemia cells in Natural Killer (NK) cells. This increase in effectiveness also reduces metastasis of melanoma cells. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment by boosting NK cell function.
A team of scientists has successfully measured radiation leaks in star-forming galaxies, providing new insights into the formation of the first stars and galaxies. The breakthrough method uses a previously developed indicator, allowing researchers to study distant galaxies at longer wavelengths.
The Stanford team developed a wireless pressure sensor that can detect subtle changes in pressure using radio waves. The technology has potential applications in monitoring brain pressure in lab mice and could lead to the creation of 'skin' for prosthetic devices.
A recent study by George Wang and Michael Dillon found that climate change has increased daily and annual temperature cycling globally. This altered temperature variability can lead to increased crop damage from pest insects and changes in plant seasonal behavior.
The University of Chicago has established a national Center of Excellence to study the genetics of drug abuse in rats, using genome-wide association studies and behavioral research. The center aims to shed light on the genes behind drug addiction and explore potential therapeutic interventions.
Researchers have developed a new type of plastic that can conduct electricity, paving the way for innovative applications such as transparent solar cells, flexible batteries, and ultrathin coatings. The plastic, called PTMA, is about 10 times more electrically conductive than common semiconducting polymers.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers found that men tend to focus on an artist's background and authenticity when evaluating art, while women prioritize the artwork itself. This finding has implications for the $64 billion art market and other industries where creativity is involved.
A new study reveals that cold exposure can convert white fat tissue into calorie-burning beige fat, which can help prevent obesity. However, obese individuals exhibit a reduced ability to produce beneficial beige fat due to inflammation.
A new algorithm has identified KLHL9 as the driving force behind aggressive glioblastoma, a type of brain cancer. Reintroducing KLHL9 protein suppressed tumors in mice transplants, offering hope for a possible treatment strategy. The approach also revealed new genes involved in breast cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
A team of scientists used the Hubble Space Telescope to create a detailed weather map of WASP-43b, tracing the planet's temperature and water vapor content. The study found that the exoplanet has winds that can reach up to 1500 degrees Celsius, with temperatures on the day side hot enough to melt iron.
Antibiotic stewardship programs in hospitals improve care for hospitalized children by reducing unnecessary antibiotics and shortening hospital stays. Children who received program recommendations were less likely to be readmitted within 30 days.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute have created a synthetic molecule that mimics 'good' cholesterol, reducing plaque buildup in animal models. After two weeks, the molecule improved cholesterol levels, pointing toward a new method for treating atherosclerosis.
A study led by Rutgers University-Newark found that plant communities in the Holy Land can withstand significant changes in rainfall, contradicting predictions of dire ecological consequences. The research team subjected diverse ecosystems to nine years of drought and found no measurable changes in vegetation characteristics.
Researchers developed an AAV-mediated gene therapy approach to correct hyperbilirubinemia in a mouse model of Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1. The treatment achieved significant, long-lasting reductions in bilirubin levels, with 50-70% reductions maintained throughout the study.
Researchers discovered that chronic inflammation caused by metal allergy can promote the development of rare and aggressive skin cancers like Marjolin's ulcer. The study suggests that patients with metal implants near the skin may need to be monitored for this type of inflammation.
The study developed a prediction tool that uses laboratory and vital-sign data to identify hospital patients at risk for sepsis. The tool resulted in faster sepsis identification, increased orders for diagnostic tests, and more timely administration of antibiotics and intravenous fluids.
Astronomers have discovered a pulsating, dead star beaming with the energy of about 10 million suns. Pulsars are dense stellar remnants leftover from supernovas, and this one is the brightest ever recorded.
The National Center of Excellence for Mobile Sensor Data-to-Knowledge (MD2K) aims to develop computational tools for large-scale health data analysis. Researchers will focus on inferring patient health and behavioral risk factors from mobile sensor data.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new method called 'data smashing' that enables automated discovery without human intervention, opening doors to complex observations and expert-driven analysis.
Scientists from EPFL, UC Berkeley, and Beijing have combined solid and liquid materials to create a hybrid absorption-adsorption method that captures CO2 more efficiently than current methods. The new approach uses a slurry of ZIF-8, a metal-organic framework, with glycol, allowing for low-cost and energy-efficient carbon capture.
Researchers at MIT have achieved a long-sought goal of creating particles that can emit a colorful fluorescent glow and be precisely manipulated into position within living cells using magnetic fields. The new technology could enable tracking the position of nanoparticles as they move within the body or inside a cell, and manipulate th...
A study found that grassland fields in southern Wisconsin supported over three times as many bird species as cornfields, including 10 imperiled species. The research suggests that diverse bioenergy crop fields could benefit birds more than less diverse fields, making grasslands an acceptable tradeoff for biomass production.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine has begun a clinical trial in health care workers in Mali to evaluate a promising experimental Ebola vaccine. The vaccine, developed by the Vaccine Research Center at NIAID, has shown highly protective immune responses in animal model challenge studies.
A $6.2 million grant will fund the Hepatitis C Community Alliance to Test and Treat (HepCCATT) program to build Chicago's capacity to test for and cure HCV infections. The initiative aims to screen 18,500 people annually and treat 2,500, with a focus on underserved communities.
A study at Mount Sinai Hospital reveals that a set of molecules linked to insulin signaling in the brain may indicate an increased risk of developing diabetes. The researchers identified a key mechanism by which these molecules affect BCAA breakdown in the liver.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a newly discovered class of brain cells that respond to oxytocin in female mice. These oxytocin receptor interneurons (OxtrINs) play a key role in influencing social behavior, particularly in females during their reproductive cycle, and may also contribute to human social interactions.
A new study identifies a set of RNA molecules in urine and tissue samples that can detect prostate cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. These long noncoding RNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer, offering a promising approach to reduce overtreatment and morbidity.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have identified key characteristics that enhance a nanoparticle's ability to penetrate skin. Researchers found that positively charged nanorod-shaped nanoparticles are up to ten times more effective in penetrating skin than others, with cell penetrating peptides further enhancing penetration.
A global study from University of California, Berkeley suggests that a moderately low birth rate can actually boost a country's overall standard of living. Researchers found that families bear the costs of raising children, while governments should adjust policies to accommodate population aging.
Researchers have identified a novel gene, MGST3, that regulates hippocampus size in both mice and humans, linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The discovery provides another biomarker for identifying those at greatest risk of developing the condition.
Beer yeasts produce chemicals that mimic fruits to attract flies, which carry them to new food sources. This attraction allows yeast cells to disperse into broader ecosystems, influencing the flavor of beverages like beer and wine.
Researchers at San Francisco State University found that embryonic cells receive distinct epigenetic marks from parents, influencing development and behavior. The study identifies unique histone marks in sperm and embryos, potentially aiding proper cell division and human function.
Researchers have made significant advancements in additive manufacturing using laser solid forming (LSF) to produce high-performance metallic components. The LSF technique allows for the direct fabrication of metallic components with excellent mechanical properties similar to those produced by casting or forging.
The University of Missouri will receive funding to study open online communities and develop principles for sharing OOC data across disciplines. The goal is to increase the coherence of scientific knowledge and make OCCs more productive.
The Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions has received a three-year grant to create an interprofessional model for graduate health education. Up to 60 students will work together in clinical courses, learning from faculty with expertise in various programs.
Scientists at UC Davis used optogenetics to erase specific memories in mice, showing coordinated activity between the cerebral cortex and hippocampus during memory retrieval. The study confirms a long-standing idea about memory processing, providing new insights into how the brain functions.
NASA's GOES-East satellite captures Hurricane Simon's landfall in Mexico and movement into the U.S. Southwest, with remnants expected to reach the central Plains and Midwest on Oct. 9-10. Heavy rain, including a threat of flash flooding, is forecast for eastern Kansas and western Missouri.
Researchers have identified a new class of lipid molecules that enhance insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control, offering a promising direction for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes. The fatty acid hydroxyl fatty acids (FAHFAs) are produced and broken down inside the human body and may serve as an early marker for the risk of...
A team of scientists used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to create a detailed map of the atmosphere of WASP-43b, an extremely hot and gaseous planet. The findings reveal that the planet has extreme temperature fluctuations between day and night, with winds howling at supersonic speeds.
Cichlids' egg-spots developed through insertion of a mobile genetic element influencing pigmentation gene expression. This discovery provides insight into the evolution of novel traits and their regulatory mechanisms.
The new instrument will improve severe storm warning accuracy, detect lightning ground strike hazards, and provide early warnings for heavy rainfall and flash flooding. It will also enhance storm monitoring during radar outages or in areas with poor coverage.
Fruit flies are attracted to the beer-like scent produced by brewer's yeast due to a specific gene called ATF1. This symbiotic relationship benefits both species: flies feed on yeasts and yeasts receive dispersal of their cells.
Griffith University and the Menzies Foundation have collaborated to create a national Menzies Health Institute Queensland, enhancing research excellence in allied health. The new institute will focus on addressing healthcare challenges and opportunities globally.
A recent study published in The Lancet Global Health found that widespread sanitation programs did not reduce diarrheal diseases, parasitic worm infections, or child malnutrition. Despite providing access to latrines, the intervention failed to improve health outcomes, highlighting the need for further research into its effectiveness.
Researchers analyzed Ebola data to estimate case fatality rates and impact of control measures on epidemic size. They found that swift interventions can halt transmission and prevent outbreaks, with Nigeria's response being a successful example.
Researchers discovered that lung cancers can exist undetected for many years due to unique genetic faults in separate areas of the tumor. The study highlights the need for better early detection methods to improve treatment outcomes, as two-thirds of patients are diagnosed with advanced disease when treatments are less effective.
A new DataONE project aims to provide a network of data repositories for Earth observational data, enhancing research efficiency and addressing complex environmental questions. By combining citizen scientist data with land use information, researchers can accurately assess species protection needs and public land agency responsibilities.
Researchers from the University of Birmingham have re-dated the end of the Greek Bronze Age to 925-1025 BCE, based on radiocarbon analysis of animal bones and plant remains. This new chronology challenges traditional estimates and has implications for our understanding of ancient civilizations in the Mediterranean.
The Center for Big Data in Translational Genomics aims to develop standard protocols and tools for handling genomic data efficiently, enabling the analysis of millions of genomic datasets. The center will test new approaches in four pilot projects, including cancer-related initiatives.
Researchers have discovered that HIV can infect the entire female reproductive tract, including the vagina and ovaries, in a macaque model. The study used an artificial virus to track the spread of infection through the FRT, revealing that infected cells were detected throughout the tract within 48 hours after vaginal introduction.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery about the similarities and differences between two neurodegenerative diseases, progressive supranuclear palsy and Parkinson's Disease. The study reveals that individuals with PSP experience more severe cognitive impairments than those with PD early on.
A Big Data to Knowledge Program grant will develop big data methods to tackle 80% of coronary heart disease causes, including physical inactivity and poor stress management. The goal is to create adaptive, individualized health-behavior interventions using real-time data from smartphones and wearable devices.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation reports that one-third of all hip fractures worldwide occur in men, with mortality rates as high as 37% in the first year following fracture. Millions of men are left vulnerable to early death and disability due to osteoporosis.
A study found that college athletes playing football, soccer, and other contact sports are more likely to carry MRSA, increasing their risk of infection. Experts recommend practices like frequent hand washing, covering open wounds, and not sharing personal equipment to reduce the spread of the superbug.
Researchers successfully replicated the sidewinder snake's ability to traverse sandy slopes using a modular snake robot, gaining insights into the animals' unique wave motion. By studying the snakes and physical model simultaneously, they learned general principles that allowed them to improve the robot.
Astronomers have mapped the temperature and water vapor on WASP-43b, a hot exoplanet with turbulent conditions. The findings provide insights into atmospheric dynamics and how giant planets like Jupiter are formed.
A study analyzing over 8,000 episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections found no significant difference in mortality risk between patients with less and more susceptible strains to the antibiotic vancomycin. The study suggests that current standards for vancomycin MIC may not need to be lowered.