A University of Texas at Arlington professor will analyze complex data using imaging genomics to identify biomarkers predicting Alzheimer's disease risk. He aims to develop advanced algorithms to study the brain, incorporating biological knowledge into data sets.
New research suggests that individuals who demonstrate a strong brain response to sham treatment are more likely to experience symptom relief when receiving actual depression medication. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments and biomarkers for treatment response in depression.
Researchers discovered a method to reprogram fibroblasts, healthy tissue around tumors, to trap and contain cancer cells. This approach reduces the movement of cancer cells away from the tumor, showing promise in preventing tumor spread. The study has potential for various cancer types and could lead to better ways to control the disease.
A new class of antidepressants has been found to work by targeting the brain's ability to respond to glutamate. The experimental therapies have been shown to produce an antidepressant effect in mice by altering brain signaling in particular neurons.
Researchers at KIT have developed an invisibility cloak that guides sunlight around contact fingers on solar cells, reducing optical losses and increasing efficiency. By applying a special coating onto the solar cell, the cloaking effect can be achieved, potentially leading to up to 10% increase in efficiency.
Researchers at OSU create a new approach to treat eczema and inflammatory skin disorders by identifying specific lipid deficiencies in each person. This system uses advanced science and mass spectrometry to develop personalized treatments.
Postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy often suffer from dyspareunia despite recognizing its physical, emotional, and psychological consequences. Women are not educated about treatment options or the underlying clinical cause of VVA.
A new study found that 87% of Millennials use paid content for entertainment or news, with popular services including movies and TV, music, and Facebook. Socioeconomic differences were not a major indicator of paid content usage.
Scientists used computer simulation to discover that asteroids can deliver more water to the lunar surface than the cumulative fall of comets over a billion year period. The study found that asteroids contain a significant proportion of water, effectively protected in their crystal lattice of minerals, and can release it when heated.
A team of scientists has created the most extensive catalogue of structural variations in human genomes, revealing over 200 missing genes and demonstrating that these changes are common risk factors for disease. The study's findings will help guide future research on genetics, evolution, and disease diagnosis.
Researchers found that mixtures of cereal rye and hairy vetch can effectively control weeds and conserve soil moisture. Adding poultry litter increased decomposition and nitrogen release when the cover crop contained at least 50% cereal rye.
Researchers found that environmental and social factors shape participants' use of SOV vs SVO syntax when communicating events, with iconicity playing a key role. The study also showed that adapting to interlocutors' lead and frequent event types influence syntactic patterns.
Researchers have developed a model to predict the risk of waterborne diseases in flooding rivers, which can affect millions of people worldwide. The study's findings highlight the importance of understanding the complex interactions between environmental and human factors in shaping disease dynamics.
A national survey reveals that nearly a third of US women taking hormones at menopause are using unapproved and untested compounded hormones. The study found four cases of endometrial cancer among these users, highlighting the risks associated with these therapies.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that reducing nicotine content in cigarettes can significantly reduce cigarette use and dependence. Researchers discovered that participants who smoked low-nicotine cigarettes showed lower smoking levels and reduced exposure to nicotine.
A new study led by UCSF scientist Neal Benowitz found that reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes can substantially decrease tobacco dependence without increasing inhalation. Smokers who reduced cigarette intake reported attempts to quit twice as often and had lower cravings compared to those smoking regular cigarettes.
A study found that training patients with melanoma and their partners on skin examinations increased patient self-efficacy in performing self-examinations. The intervention showed the greatest benefit for pairs with low relationship quality and limited time together.
A national nitrogen budget for Denmark shows significant reductions in nitrogen emissions from agriculture, but other sectors like energy production and transport remain major contributors. New initiatives, such as organic farming expansion and electric vehicles, aim to further reduce nitrogen losses.
A new study found that people with Parkinson's disease psychosis who took antipsychotic medication were four times more likely to die than those who didn't. The treatment also led to serious health issues such as cognitive decline and worsening of Parkinson's symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Eastern Finland have found that barley straw can be effectively fermented into biobutanol, a potential alternative to ethanol. The study established optimal pre-treatment conditions for turning straw lignocellulose and barley starch into fermentable sugars that can be used in biobutanol production.
Researchers discovered that genetic background affects mutations in lymphoma tumors across different dog breeds. The study identifies breed-specific genes and molecular subtypes, offering a unique model for understanding how genetics influence cancer development.
The BMJ expert advocates for hospital e-cigarette access to aid smoking cessation, reduce passive smoking risks, and promote healthier alternatives. The policy ban on e-cigarettes may harm patients' health, particularly during nicotine withdrawal.
Berkeley Lab's report reveals a 70% decline in PPA prices since 2009, making solar increasingly cost-competitive for utilities. Installed project costs have fallen by over 50%, with median up-front costs dropping from $6.3/W to $3.1/W.
The Feed the Future program aims to address declining coffee production in Rwanda by promoting research, farmer capacity building, and policy engagement. MSU will inform coffee sector stakeholders of effective practices for controlling pests and establish a policy environment that encourages producers to invest in sustainable practices.
A multicenter clinical trial led by Mount Sinai researchers found that brodalumab achieved a 100 percent reduction in psoriasis symptoms, exceeding the results of ustekinumab. The study demonstrated that targeting the IL-17 receptor is highly effective in treating moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
A new study published by Mayo Clinic reveals a significant link between recent abuse and menopause-related symptoms. Verbal and emotional abuse were found to have the most impact on women's experiences, while physical and sexual abuse also played a role in increased symptom severity.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that psoriasis is associated with a higher risk of major depression, regardless of severity. Patients with psoriasis reported daily functional impairment more frequently than those without the condition.
Scientists at the NIH discovered a link between human endogenous retroviral genes and ALS, suggesting that reactivated viral genes may destroy neurons. Activation of HERV-K genes may be controlled by TDP-43, a gene-regulating protein linked to ALS.
The Ocean Conservancy's report outlines specific land-based solutions for reducing ocean plastic waste, including a four-point plan to cut leakage by 45% in 10 years. The report estimates a total cost of $5 billion and significant returns to the global economy.
A six-week clinical trial found that reduced-nicotine cigarettes decreased nicotine exposure and dependence, as well as the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The study suggests potential benefits for smoking cessation and reducing tobacco-related harm.
A 2009 mandate reduced time between critical injury and definitive care, resulting in improved survival rates. Decreasing transport time and increasing prehospital helicopter transport within 60 minutes or less led to a lower percentage killed in action.
A UK university team has received funding to develop a training program for Sierra Leonean health workers to combat viral hemorrhagic fever. The program will use immersive technology to educate community health workers and healthcare professionals on infection prevention control.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health found that GANT61 increases myelin production by 50% and recruits neural stem cells to repair damaged areas of the brain. The treatment also improves symptoms in mice with multiple sclerosis, including paralysis and leg weakness.
Scientists have discovered a previously unknown process where warm Gulf Stream water and colder waters of the continental shelf exchange, influencing shelf circulation, biogeochemistry, and fisheries. The discovery provides new insights into the complex interactions between these two water masses.
A recent study published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research reveals that adults with a history of problem drinking who continue smoking are at a greater risk of relapsing to alcohol dependence. Quitting cigarettes is crucial for maintaining sobriety, according to the researchers.
An international team of researchers reviewed theoretical ideas on quantum teleportation, concluding a hybridisation of protocols is the most fruitful approach. This could lead to more efficient and reliable teleportation systems for quantum computing, communication, and network development.
Researchers have uncovered a significant relationship between a chemical transmitting brain signals and genetic mutations in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Targeting a specific serotonin receptor, 5-HT2cR, can reverse social deficits in mouse models of the autism risk gene Pten.
Researchers at RIKEN Brain Science Institute found that two forebrain regions determine whether males exhibit paternal or infanticidal behavior. Activity patterns in these regions were associated with paternal behavior and inhibited infanticide.
Researchers have developed a technique to coat anticancer drugs in membranes made from a patient's own platelets, allowing the drugs to target both primary tumors and circulating tumor cells. This method can prolong drug circulation time up to 30 hours, increasing effectiveness.
Researchers found a 5% improvement in peer review report quality when articles underwent open peer review compared to single-blind models. Author-suggested reviewers also tended to recommend acceptance more often than non-author suggested reviewers.
A study analyzing fossil brachiopod shells from West Virginia and Ohio found minimal seasonal variation in temperature and rainfall during the latest Pennsylvanian (~300 million years ago). The findings may help resolve a paleoclimate debate about monsoonality and sea level, providing insights into ancient mega-continent climates.
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh built complex computer models to understand why cells developed pathways to convert sugar into energy. The study suggests that these metabolic systems evolved to produce more energy compared to alternative pathways.
A new study by UT Arlington researchers recommends that primary care providers screen teenagers for depression and suicide risk during well visits. The paper highlights the importance of screening tools, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A), to detect mental health conditions like depression and anxiety.
Researchers developed a method to estimate real-time death risk during outbreaks, revealing that older patients and those with pre-existing illnesses had significantly higher mortality rates. The study applied this method to the 2015 Korean MERS epidemic, showing an estimated 20% overall mortality rate.
Researchers from Osaka University successfully created highly unusual plasma composed of hollow atoms using ultra-bright X-ray sources. This discovery sheds light on extreme state atoms and may lead to industrial applications such as non-destructive x-ray testing and new material construction.
A study of 60,058 heterosexual men and women found that height and body mass index do not strongly predict the number of sex partners. Short men reported fewer partners, while men in middle BMI ranges had more extensive sexual histories. Underweight women also had few partners due to health issues or low motivation.
Researchers at UCSC are conducting field trials of two strategies to protect bats from white-nose syndrome, a deadly fungal disease that has devastated bat populations in eastern North America. The team aims to understand how some populations are surviving and develop effective treatments to improve their chances of survival.
A global review of forest ecosystems found that large trees are more susceptible to drought, releasing stored carbon and disrupting the atmosphere. Understory trees fare better in response to drought, with increased growth rates in some seasonal tropical forests.
A new MRI technique, DWIBS-MRM, has been shown to provide accurate results for breast cancer detection without the need for ionizing radiation or contrast agents. The technique achieved a high negative predictive value of 92% and may potentially reduce unnecessary biopsies.
The US lags behind Europe in offshore wind power deployment, with only land-based wind and solar reaching new heights since 2005. Researchers from the University of Delaware urge policy changes, tax incentives, and research focus on U.S.-specific barriers to overcome current obstacles.
Typhoon Dujuan made landfall in southeastern China on September 29, with maximum sustained winds of 75 knots (86 mph). The storm is forecast to weaken quickly as it moves northward ahead of an approaching area of low pressure.
A new study found that monitoring specific angiogenic biomarkers in maternal blood during early pregnancy can predict patients who will have normal pregnancies and those at high risk for complications. This allows physicians to identify, counsel, and manage high-risk patients earlier.
A Canadian research team found that daily cannabis users did not experience serious adverse events, while showing improvement in pain and quality of life. However, non-serious adverse events like headaches and respiratory problems were reported.
A new modeling algorithm helps plant biologists target individual genes controlling stress responses in plants. The tool narrows the field from thousands of genes to fewer than 10, making it easier to understand how to develop drought-resistant crops.
The Hastings Center special report explores controversies in genetics of intelligence research, recommending ways to avoid classicism and racism. The report concludes that gene variants influencing intelligence involve complex interactions between genes and environment, making it difficult to identify specific genetic variants.
A new study suggests that a common approach to vaginal birth and team work can increase the rate of vaginal births after caesarean sections. The study, led by Professor Ingela Lundgren, found that women should be involved in decision-making and receive faith and support.
A new study suggests that atmospheric chemistry models in use now may not capture the right mix of compounds emitted from trees and their oxidation products. The researchers found that representing the forest as a single dominant tree species or a blend of a few can lead to inaccurate ozone pollution predictions.
Researchers developed a small array of flexible sensors to analyze breath samples for specific compounds indicative of ovarian cancer. The system showed an 82% accuracy rate in detecting these compounds, paving the way for a potential less invasive cancer diagnosis method.
Bradley Bernstein, an MGH researcher, received the Paul Marks Prize for his investigations into DNA packaging and its role in cancer development. His work has revealed epigenetic differences among glioblastoma cells, driving tumor refractoriness to therapies.
A review article discusses the issues of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in breast cancer screening, highlighting the benefits of newer technologies like breast tomosynthesis. The study finds that this technology reduces false recall rates by 15-30% while increasing cancer detection rates by about 29%.